# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 329 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB CHI93LA285](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA285.md): Piper PA-28 · Crookston, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 27, 1993 · N172ND · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's delayed in-flight decision. A factor to the accident is the pilot in command's failure to attain a proper touchdown point.
- [NTSB ATL93IA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93IA135.md): Mcdonnell Douglas MD-88 · Charleston, SC · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jul 27, 1993 · N948DL · Minor damage
  > Was the pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the landing attempt which resulted in a stall and the subsequent collision with the runway.
- [NTSB ANC93FA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93FA128.md): Convair 240 · Boise, ID · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 27, 1993 · N156PA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to extend the landing gear, and the check pilot's inadequate supervisiion. A factor in the accident was the pilot's inadequate upgrade training by the company.
- [NTSB LAX93LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA301.md): Ferdon Thorp S-18 · Ash Fork, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1993 · N119FF · Substantial damage
  > The pilots inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during a precautionary landing, that resulted in collision with a fence and nose over of the airplane. A cross wind condition was a factor in…
- [NTSB FTW93LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA217.md): Cessna 172P · Cookson, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1993 · N65709 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and his failure to maintain directional control during the aborted landing.
- [NTSB DEN93LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA086.md): Balloon Works 7B-15 · Colorado Sprgs, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1993 · N9067Y · No damage
  > The passenger's failure to assume the proper landing position as instructed by the pilot in command. A factor was: the high wind.
- [NTSB SEA93LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA159.md): Bucker Flugzeugbau BU-131 · Arlington, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1993 · N1XW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the brakes. The gusty, crosswind was a factor.
- [NTSB CHI93LA273](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA273.md): Cessna 305B · Fulton, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1993 · N26213 · Substantial damage
  > failure to maintain directional control. A factor related to the accident was the pilot's fatigue.
- [NTSB BFO93LA134](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA134.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Belmar, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1993 · N8431R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind and failure to maintain directional control during landing. Other related factors were the crosswind and the ravine.
- [NTSB CHI93LA317](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA317.md): Cessna 182M · Ironwood, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1993 · N91705 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare for landing.
- [NTSB CHI93LA269](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA269.md): Beech A23 · Boyceville, WI · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1993 · N3578R · Destroyed
  > the failure of the pilot to attain the proper touchdown point, and his failure to perform a go-around.
- [NTSB MIA93LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA159.md): Head Balloons AX8-105 · Jacksonville, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1993 · N45124 · No damage
  > The improper procedures by the pilot-in-command.
- [NTSB LAX93LA293](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA293.md): Aviat A-1 · Selma, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1993 · N9614L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot-in-command's failure to maintain direction control, inadequate compensation for the existing wind conditions, and improper use of the rudder. The pilot's lack of total experience in the accident airplane make and model is a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB DEN93LA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA083.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Eagle, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1993 · N1113N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB ATL93LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA130.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Poplar Branch, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1993 · N5764W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB BFO93LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA130.md): Mooney M20J · Cooperstown, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1993 · N5817P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point and his delay in initiating a go-around. Other related factors were the rain and the wet runway.
- [NTSB LAX93LA292](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA292.md): Sanders S-1C · Saint Johns, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1993 · N128DS · Destroyed
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the existing cross wind conditions and his subsequent failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB LAX93LA291](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA291.md): Piper PA-39 · Thermal, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1993 · N8975Y · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadvertent movement of the landing gear selector switch to the up position. A factor in the accident was the difference in cockpit switch layout between the PA23 and PA39 aircraft.
- [NTSB DEN93LA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA082.md): Cessna 305A · Belen, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1993 · N5214G · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot in command to maintain directional control. A factor was: a quartering tailwind.
- [NTSB CHI93LA265](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA265.md): Beech C24R · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1993 · N2256L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ATL93LA129](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA129.md): Cessna 172 · Summerdale, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1993 · N65735 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point.
- [NTSB SEA93LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA155.md): Beech 60 · Fairfield, ID · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1993 · N75CX · Destroyed
  > The pilot's improper inflt planning/decision in selecting the wrong runway for landing. A factor relating to the accident was the strong tailwind weather conditions.
- [NTSB CHI93LA263](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA263.md): Grumman G164B · Wyndmere, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1993 · N2008 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's decision to land on unsuitable terrain. Factors in the accident are the wet and soft turf runway.
- [NTSB CHI93LA262](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA262.md): Piper PA-30 · Branson, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1993 · N7636Y · Substantial damage
  > the fractured nose gear retract arm which allowed the nose gear to collapse.
- [NTSB CHI93LA258](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA258.md): Maule M4 · Tomahawk, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1993 · N9810M · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ANC93LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA118.md): Lake LA4 · Turner Lake, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1993 · N2672P · Substantial damage
  > Pilot-in-command misjudged the landing flare on a glassy water landing. A factor in the accident was the glassy water condition.
- [NTSB ANC93LA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA119.md): Taylorcraft TC19 · Resurrect'N Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1993 · N3541T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain directional control upon landing.
- [NTSB BFO93LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA120.md): Cessna 150J · East Corinth, ME · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1993 · N50896 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of airspeed while making a precautionary landing without airspeed indication, and the block pitot tube.
- [NTSB SEA93LA218](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA218.md): Cessna A188B · Rockford, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1993 · N5858G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain alignment with the landing area. A factor to the accident was: high vegetation.
- [NTSB BFO93LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA118.md): Balloon Works Firefly 8B · Flemington, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1993 · N7113E · Substantial damage
  > The passenger's inadvertent activation of the burner after the landing, causing the terrain to burn and subsequently igniting the Balloon envelope.
- [NTSB ANC93LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA122.md): Helio H295 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1993 · N67697 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's selection of unsuitable terrain. The rough/uneven terrain was a factor.
- [NTSB MIA93LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA153.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Jacksonville, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 10, 1993 · N47407 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot in command to maintain directional control during the landing. Contributing to the accident was the excessive airspeed while landing and failure of the pilot to recover from the bounced landing.
- [NTSB BFO93LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA115.md): Cessna 152 · Cuddy, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1993 · N46116 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during flare/touchdown. The proximity of the ravine and trees to the runway was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW93LA210](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA210.md): Cessna 172M · Lamesa, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1993 · N13722 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing and the inadvertent stall. A factor was the gusty wind.
- [NTSB FTW93LA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA208.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Baton Rouge, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 7, 1993 · N7630C · Destroyed
  > The student pilot's failure to abort the landing in a timely manner and his failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB ATL93LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA126.md): Piper PA-25-260 · Bainbridge, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 7, 1993 · N4874Y · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the landing gear axle.
- [NTSB ATL93LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA125.md): Piper J3 · Athens, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 7, 1993 · N70894 · Substantial damage
  > The dual student's improper application of wheel brakes prior to lowering the tail wheel and inadequate supervision by the CFI.
- [NTSB SEA93LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA162.md): Bellanca 14-19-2 · Kanab, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 6, 1993 · N7601E · Substantial damage
  > An inadvertent wheel up landing. A factor to the accident was turbulence.
- [NTSB CHI93LA246](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA246.md): Cessna R172K · Middleton, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 6, 1993 · N1015V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB BFO93LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA114.md): Beech A36 · Falmouth, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 6, 1993 · N4325W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and improper recovery from a bounced landing. The gusty wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB BFO93LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA110.md): Piper PA-30 · Lincoln Park, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 6, 1993 · N8325Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during landing rollout, and his delay is performing the proper remedial action of bringing back the left throttle to idle during landing rollout.
- [NTSB LAX93LA305](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA305.md): Ayres Pitts MA-1 · Greenfield, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1993 · N81999 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll and subsequent application of excessive braking that resulted in the airplane nosing over.
- [NTSB LAX93LA279](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA279.md): Raven S-60A · Coloma, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1993 · N35GS · No damage
  > the passenger's injury to an ankle during the landing touchdown.
- [NTSB BFO93LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA111.md): Cessna 150 · Pittsfield, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1993 · N61058 · Substantial damage
  > Loss of the tail wheel steering due to undetermined reason(s).
- [NTSB ATL93LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA124.md): Cessna 177 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1993 · N29499 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the aircraft.
- [NTSB MIA93LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA150.md): Berkshire Concept 70 · Boynton Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 1993 · N29BW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight planning and the lack of adequate thermal lift.
- [NTSB LAX93LA275](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA275.md): Bellanca 8KCAB · Templeton, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 1993 · N5036L · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain correct airspeed. Factors which contributed to this accident were the improper recovery from a bounced landing and not maintaining directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB CHI93LA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA242.md): Stinson V77 · St. Charles, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 1993 · N73589 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft. A factor in the accident was the wind gusts present at the time of the accident.
- [NTSB SEA93LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA148.md): Cessna 414A · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 3, 1993 · N4735A · Substantial damage
  > The disengagement of the gear down-lock mechanism due to corrosion and the pilot's intentional operation of the aircraft with known deficiencies in equipment.
- [NTSB FTW93LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA213.md): Beech 95-B55B · Ashdown, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 3, 1993 · N258P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to abort the landing. A factor was the wet grass

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=330

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=329

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