# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 331 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB NYC93LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA107.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Linden, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1993 · N41572 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of speed and distance which resulted in an overrun of the runway. A wet runway is a contributing factor.
- [NTSB NYC93LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA103.md): Cessna 152 · West Chester, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1993 · N94999 · Substantial damage
  > Improper recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in the airplane departing the side of the runway and striking trees.
- [NTSB FTW93LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA182.md): Taylorcraft BC12-D · Ozona, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1993 · N96984 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to correctly compensate for wind conditions. A factor was the unexpected encounter with the crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC93LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA078.md): Cessna 206G · Igiugig, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1993 · N756HL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command selected unsuitable terrain for landing.
- [NTSB SEA93LA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA127.md): Cessna 210L · Lynden, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 3, 1993 · N29631 · Substantial damage
  > Directional control not being maintained. Factors include a high touchdown speed, light rain, and a wet landing surface.
- [NTSB CHI93DEM01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93DEM01.md): Amato Corben JR. ACE · Traverse City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jun 3, 1993 · N17BA · Substantial damage
  > inadequate lubrication of the tailwheel bearings and inadequate preflight by the pilot/owner which resulted in a seized tailwheel.
- [NTSB FTW93LA175](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA175.md): Grumman G-164B · St. Martinville, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 1993 · N48724 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's and tractor driver's inadequate visual lookout
- [NTSB FTW93LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA174.md): Grumman G-164B · Stuttgart, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 1993 · N6695K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of the downwind runway for landing. Factors were the wind conditions and the left brake malfunction for undetermined reasons
- [NTSB LAX93LA238](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA238.md): Boeing B75N1 · Pacoima, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 1, 1993 · N218DL · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the pilot to adequately compensate for cross wind conditions and a failure to maintain directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB BFO93LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA099.md): Cessna 177 · Newport, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 31, 1993 · N30041 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly recover from a bounced landing, and his failure to maintain directional control during the aborted landing.
- [NTSB ANC93LA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA075.md): Cessna 185F · Gustavus, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 31, 1993 · N185TD · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging his speed while landing on a wet grass strip.
- [NTSB ANC93IA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93IA076.md): Cessna 310 · Kodiak, AK · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · May 31, 1993 · N5847M · Minor damage
  > The failure of the nose gear idler bell crank due to overstress by an undetermined source.
- [NTSB CHI93LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA190.md): Piper PA-28 · Indianapolis, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 1993 · N2816A · Substantial damage
  > a misjudged flare and subsequent hard landing by the student pilot. A factor in the accident was the student pilot's failure to perform a go-around.
- [NTSB ANC93LA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA073.md): Cessna 140 · Dillingham, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 1993 · N1926V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain proper runway alignment.
- [NTSB MIA93LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA135.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Pensacola, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 29, 1993 · N4156V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and delayed remedical action.
- [NTSB LAX93LA236](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA236.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 29, 1993 · N5388T · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the pilot to adequately compensate for the wind conditions and subsequent loss of directional control during the landing roll. A factor in the accident was a lack of total experience in the aircraft type.
- [NTSB LAX93LA232](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA232.md): Cessna 170B · Escondido, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 29, 1993 · N2962D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper use of the brakes. The high vegetation was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB ANC93LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA072.md): Cessna 207 · Bethel, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 29, 1993 · N1763U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during landing.
- [NTSB ANC93LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA071.md): Cessna 185 · Bulchitna Lake, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 29, 1993 · N80124 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the landing gear leg due to a fatigue fracture caused by corrosion.
- [NTSB SEA93LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA126.md): Taylorcraft BC-12D · Vancouver, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 28, 1993 · N43387 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate remedial action. Factors include crosswinds, gusts, and the pilot's lack of total experience in tailwheel type aircraft.
- [NTSB SEA93LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA124.md): Cessna A185F · Bellevue, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1993 · N2215T · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the right main landing gear shock strut.
- [NTSB SEA93LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA123.md): Cessna 152 · Cheyenne, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1993 · N43LL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors include strong crosswinds, downdrafts, and an excessive descent rate.
- [NTSB CHI93LA189](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA189.md): Cessna 150M · Jeffersonville, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1993 · N3109V · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's delayed remedial action and failure to assure recovery from a bounced landing. A factor related to the accident was: improper flare by the student pilot.
- [NTSB CHI93LA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA183.md): Cessna 150M · Flora, IL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1993 · N714AN · Substantial damage
  > the delayed remedial action by the flight instructor. A factor related to the accident was the lack of total experience in this type operation by the flight instructor.
- [NTSB ANC93LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA069.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Wasilla, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1993 · N4388Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's inadvertent ground loop.
- [NTSB BFO93LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA097.md): Bellanca 8GCBC · Reedsville, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 26, 1993 · N2510Z · Substantial damage
  > Tailwheel landing gear system components failing due to their worn condition resulting in the loss of ground steering capability. A factor in this accident was a gusting crosswind encountered during landing roll.
- [NTSB ANC93IA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93IA085.md): Piper PA-31-350 · King Salmon, AK · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · May 26, 1993 · N3588Z · Minor damage
  > The failure of the main gear upper strut assembly due to stress corrosion.
- [NTSB SEA93LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA122.md): Cessna TU206G · Mountain Home, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 1993 · N5203X · Substantial damage
  > Compensation for wind conditions was inadequate. The wind gusts were a factor.
- [NTSB FTW93LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA166.md): Champion 7GCAA · Mount Vernon, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 1993 · N7554F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind.
- [NTSB SEA93LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA118.md): Cessna 150M · Bellingham, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 23, 1993 · N63531 · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate compensation for wind conditions by the student pilot. Factors relating to the accident were the gusty wind conditions and the student's lack of total experience.
- [NTSB DEN93LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA061.md): Cessna 172N · Buena Vista, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 23, 1993 · N4881G · Destroyed
  > A downdraft and the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors were: a crosswind and the inadvertent selection of additional flaps.
- [NTSB ATL93LA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA096.md): Cessna 182Q · Hartselle, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 23, 1993 · N47GE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of distance and speed during the approach and landing.
- [NTSB SEA93LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA138.md): Beech 60 · Bullfrog, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 22, 1993 · N620E · Substantial damage
  > Inadvertent landing gear retraction.
- [NTSB CHI93FA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93FA180.md): Beech C-18S · North Branch, MN · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 22, 1993 · N67E · Destroyed
  > excessive use of brakes by the pilot-in-command.
- [NTSB SEA93LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA116.md): Rambow Monnett Moni · Ritzville, WA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 21, 1993 · N106NR · Substantial damage
  > The improper landing flare.
- [NTSB MIA93LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA126.md): Cessna 170B · Titusville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 21, 1993 · N48021 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to compensate for wind conditions, resulting in loss of directional control during landing roll.
- [NTSB LAX93LA220](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA220.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Vacaville, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 21, 1993 · N9461P · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control after encountering strong and gusty cross winds during the landing flare.
- [NTSB FTW93LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA161.md): Lewis RV4 · Tyler, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 21, 1993 · N61DL · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's loss of directional control.
- [NTSB MIA93LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA123.md): Cessna 172RG · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1993 · N5338V · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the left main gear pivot assembly, resulting in the collapse of the left main landing gear during the landing rollout.
- [NTSB ATL93LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA094.md): Bellanca GC-BC · Panama City, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1993 · N2590Z · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain control of the aircraft and his poor inflight decision to attempt a downwind landing at the 975 foot airfield. A factor was the tail wind condition which existed at the airfield at the time
- [NTSB SEA93LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA115.md): Larkin Pitts Special · Nampa, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1993 · N100Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain directional control during landing ground roll.
- [NTSB SEA93LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA112.md): Boeing A75N1 · Hardin, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1993 · N9041R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB SEA93LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA111.md): Aeronca 7AC · Walla Walla, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 18, 1993 · N81829 · Substantial damage
  > The premature landing flare by the pilot which resulted in a hard landing and the pilot's failure to maintain airspeed above stall speed during the balked landing.
- [NTSB BFO93LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA091.md): Cessna 172N · Petersburg, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 18, 1993 · N7355E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point while attempting to land on a wet grass strip, and his failure to perform a go around. The wet grass runway was a factor.
- [NTSB FTW93LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA157.md): Aero Commander 680 · Marietta, OK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1993 · N6244D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate visual lookout for obstructions on the runway and the airport operator's failure to ensure that animals could not enter the runway environment
- [NTSB BFO93LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA092.md): Cessna 152 · Cape May, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1993 · N5215Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly flare during landing, and his failure to properly recover from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB ANC93LA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA065.md): Cessna 172K · Rohn Roadhouse, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1993 · N736BY · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions and allowing the airspeed to go below stalling speed in the landing configuration.
- [NTSB SEA93LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA110.md): Cessna 210 · Palouse, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 16, 1993 · N9421T · Destroyed
  > The pilot in command not maintaining directional control. A factor contributing to the accident was the control interference by the passenger.
- [NTSB LAX93LA219](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA219.md): Cessna 182Q · Concord, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 15, 1993 · N735HD · Substantial damage
  > The passenger/dual student's improper recovery from a bounced landing, and the pilot's inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB DEN93LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA059.md): Cessna 305A · Fort Collins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 15, 1993 · N5225G · Substantial damage
  > An excessive rate of descent resulting in a hard landing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=332

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=331

---
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