# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 336 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA93LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA040.md): Cuevas, Orlando S. Quicksilver MXL 2 · Guayama, PR · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 19, 1992 · N4305C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain directional control while making a go around following a bounced landing resulting in a collision with trees.
- [NTSB NYC93LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA049.md): Schweizer 269C · Elmira, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1992 · N6129Q · Substantial damage
  > An unstable touchdown which resulted in a rollover, inadequate supervision by the PIC, and failure of the PIC to take control of the helicopter in a timely manner. A factor related to the accident was the left seat pilot's lack of recent experience in…
- [NTSB MIA93LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA034.md): Beech A36 · Miami, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1992 · N9066S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's inadvertent activation of the landing gear switch while attempting to raise wing flaps during landing rollout, resulting in collapse of the landing gear. Contributing to the accident was the pilot in command's diverted attention to the…
- [NTSB ATL93LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA036.md): Piper PA-22 · Greensboro, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1992 · N8714D · Substantial damage
  > The improper flare by the pilot which resulted in a hard landing and ground loop of the aircraft. A factor in the accident was the crosswind at the time of the landing.
- [NTSB ATL93LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA038.md): Cessna 152 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 1992 · N65479 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB LAX93LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA067.md): Beech 23-C23 · Oceanside, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 1992 · N5163M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point and to initiate a timely go around when the landing over shoot became apparent.
- [NTSB SEA93LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA037.md): Maule M5-180C · Garden Valley, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 1992 · N5652W · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate preflight planning and preparation. Factors include the snow covered runway.
- [NTSB NYC93LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA045.md): Cessna 152 · Quaker Street, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 1992 · N46725 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to determine runway conditions prior to landing which resulted in the airplane being damaged upon touchdown on the snow covered runway.
- [NTSB CHI93LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA051.md): Cessna 172 · La Porte City, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 12, 1992 · N54959 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly align the airplane with the runway.
- [NTSB NYC93LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA042.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Cheriton, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1992 · N9102W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improperly planned approach, resulting in a touchdown too FAR down the runway, with excessive airspeed, and the subsequent encounter with soft terrain and nose over.
- [NTSB FTW93LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA049.md): Bellanca 17-30 · Little Rock, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1992 · N6682V · Substantial damage
  > The collapsing of the main landing gear as result of a worn gear locking mechanism. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB NYC93LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA038.md): Helio H-700 · Shelton, CT · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1992 · N50DV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to check the position of the landing gear before attempting a water landing.
- [NTSB NYC93LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA037.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Williamson, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1992 · N4946Z · Destroyed
  > The pilot failed to provide adequate compensation for the wind conditions. A factor in this accident was the high gusting winds.
- [NTSB LAX93LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA064.md): Piper PA-32-301T · Auburn, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 5, 1992 · N8339X · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain direction control during the landing touchdown. Contributing to the accident inadequate maintenance of the runway safety area by airport personnel.
- [NTSB CHI93LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA048.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Shell Knob, MO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 5, 1992 · N4152W · Destroyed
  > The pilot's misjudging of the landing flare.
- [NTSB LAX93LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA061.md): Piper PA-28 · Novato, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 4, 1992 · N4338N · Substantial damage
  > Failed to maintain directional control and an inadequate visual lookout. Contributing to this accident were the inoperative runway lights.
- [NTSB MIA93LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA024.md): Cessna 182B · Aberdeen, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 1992 · N2649G · Substantial damage
  > The improper in flight decision of the pilot in command to attempt a long landing, downwind on a short wet sod runway. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the pilot in command to execute a go around when observing the wind and landing conditions.
- [NTSB CHI93LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA044.md): Cessna 150M · Newton, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 1992 · N63294 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of rudder control and subsequent failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB BFO93LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA014.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Caldwell, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 29, 1992 · N15262 · Destroyed
  > Inadequate supervision by the instructor, and his delay in initiating a go around.
- [NTSB FTW93LA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA046.md): Cessna 152 · New Orleans, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 1992 · N4948P · Substantial damage
  > Hard landing due to the pilot's inadequate flare. A factor was the blocked rudder.
- [NTSB FTW93LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA044.md): Piper PA-12-108 · Vilonia, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 1992 · N4405M · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to execute a go-around.
- [NTSB SEA93LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA030.md): Hughes 369HS · Scotts Mills, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 1992 · N9228F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's misjudged descent. Factors include the pilot in command's lack of experience in this type of operation.
- [NTSB CHI93LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA040.md): Cessna 401B · Rice Lake, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 1992 · N7989Q · Substantial damage
  > Improper rigging of the right main landing gear retract bellcrank by other maintenance personnel.
- [NTSB BFO93LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA011.md): Cessna 150A · West Milford, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1992 · N7247X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged his altitude and distance and overshot the runway during landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's unfamiliarity with this airport.
- [NTSB MIA93LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA023.md): Cessna 182 · Macon, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1992 · N42016 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to stabilize his approach to landing, resulting in the aircraft making a hard landing halfway down the runway.
- [NTSB BFO93LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA012.md): Learjet 25B · Cleveland, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1992 · N893WA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged distance and altitude which resulted in a landing touchdown with insufficient runway length remaining and a subsequent landing overrun. Contributing was the pilot's failure to initiate a go around, a tailwind, and a downsloping runway.
- [NTSB SEA93LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA027.md): Swearingen SA-226TC · Billings, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1992 · N139PA · Substantial damage
  > Failure of a gear door roller, which necessitated a gear up landing. Factors include inadequate lubrication.
- [NTSB LAX93LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA049.md): Mooney M20J · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1992 · N4766H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, his improper bounced landing recovery technique, and his inadvertent entry into a stall mush condition.
- [NTSB MIA93LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA020.md): Cessna 152 · Tallahassee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 1992 · N95825 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's improper flare on landing which resulted in an in flight loss of control and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB FTW93LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA040.md): Beech B100 · Uvalde, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 1992 · N3GS · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to go around. A factor was his resultant long landing and delayed flare.
- [NTSB MIA93LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA019.md): Cessna 172RG · Key Largo, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1992 · N5190V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to obtain the proper touchdown point on landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot in command's improper preflight planning preparation and selection of the wrong runway relative to the wind.
- [NTSB LAX93LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA060.md): Cessna 180 · Clarksburg, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1992 · N9284C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the ailerons.
- [NTSB BFO93LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA013.md): Cessna 152 · Danville, KY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1992 · N4840H · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate flare. A factor was the gusty wind.
- [NTSB DEN93LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA010.md): Cessna 310Q · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 16, 1992 · N999HD · Substantial damage
  > Undetermined.
- [NTSB MIA93LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA017.md): Cessna 180K · Wiggins, MS · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 15, 1992 · N2873K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain directional control on landing roll out, resulting in an on ground loss of control (ground loop) and subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB BFO93LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA007.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Griswold, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 15, 1992 · N4492T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper planning or decision, by not either using all available runway or making a go around. The wet grass condition of the airstrip was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA93LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA018.md): Cessna 172L · Okeechobee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1992 · N9854G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper flare.
- [NTSB LAX93LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA039.md): Glaser-Dirks DG400 · Calistoga, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1992 · N360GG · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the brakes due to a separation of the brake cable for undetermined reasons. A factor in the accident was the tailwind condition during the landing rollout.
- [NTSB CHI93LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA032.md): Cessna 170B · Kankakee, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1992 · N2836C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command not obtaining directional control prior to landing touch down in a crosswind condition.
- [NTSB SEA93LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA022.md): Cessna 210N · Spokane, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 11, 1992 · N6562Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's premature retraction of the gear. Factors include a wet and icy runway.
- [NTSB SEA93LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA021.md): Cessna 172M · Olympia, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 11, 1992 · N13400 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's poor inflight decision, and excessive airspeed on final. Factors include a wet turf runway, and trees adjacent to the runway.
- [NTSB LAX93LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA035.md): Cessna 182P · Hawthorne, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 1992 · N7379S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the brakes. Contributing to this accident was the worn brake pedals.
- [NTSB LAX93LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA034.md): Cessna 195 · El Cajon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 8, 1992 · N3899V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the brakes.
- [NTSB LAX93FA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93FA033.md): Sabreliner N-265-60 · Phoenix, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 8, 1992 · N169RF · Destroyed
  > The delay of the PIC to apply normal braking and his failure to execute the appropriate emergency procedures. Contributing to this accident was an undetermined antiskid malfunction; the copilot's inexperience in the aircraft; and inadequate crew coordination.
- [NTSB DEN93LA056](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA056.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 8, 1992 · N4069Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control and the instructor's inadequate supervision.
- [NTSB CHI93LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA026.md): Cessna 152 · St. Cloud, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 1992 · N24975 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB ATL93FA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93FA021.md): Hawker Siddeley DH.125-400A · Nashville, TN · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 1992 · N125HG · Substantial damage
  > The company mechanic's improper preflight of the aircraft, resulting in a foreign object (flashlight) being left in the nose gear well.
- [NTSB MIA93IA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93IA013.md): Fairchild F-27 · Titusville, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1992 · N101FG · Minor damage
  > The failure of contract maintenance personnel to comply with written maintenance instructions, resulting in the failure of the nose gear on landing roll.
- [NTSB ANC93LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA011.md): Cessna 150G · Delta Junction, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1992 · N3144X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's (CFI) in flight planning/decision to attempt a down wind forced landing in high surface wind conditions and the pilot's improper use of carburetor heat.
- [NTSB FTW93LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA029.md): Piper J3C-65 · Mcgregor, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 1992 · N91930 · Substantial damage
  > Inadvertent stall by the pilot in command. Factors were the pilot's selection of the wrong runway, and the wind conditions.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=337

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=336

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