# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 345 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB BFO92LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92LA041.md): Piper PA-46-350P · Doylestown, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 16, 1992 · N872RJ · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during touchdown, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. A factor related to the accident was the gusty crosswind condition.
- [NTSB SEA92LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA92LA059.md): Cessna 172G · Billings, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1992 · N4615L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC92LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC92LA047.md): Cessna 150G · Juneau, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1992 · N3235J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain directional control during the landing roll.
- [NTSB BFO92LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92LA040.md): Cessna 180C · Clarence, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 14, 1992 · N7019 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate inflight decision to land with a defective ski landing gear on unsuitable terrain, which resulted in a nose over.
- [NTSB BFO92LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92LA039.md): Let L-13 · Lock Haven, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 14, 1992 · N12CG · Destroyed
  > A tow rope that broke at low altitude.
- [NTSB ATL92LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92LA061.md): Cessna 150M · Jesup, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1992 · N8159V · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to properly compensate for the crosswind resulting in failure to maintain directional control during landing. A factor was the crosswind condition.
- [NTSB ATL92FA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92FA060.md): British Aerospace BAE-3101 · Alcoa, TN · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1992 · N165PC · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to use the airplane checklist which resulted in a gear up landing; and the pilot's failure to maintain flying speed which resulted in an uncontrolled collision with the ground.
- [NTSB ATL92LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92LA058.md): Piper PA-46-310 · Aiken, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 11, 1992 · N4387V · Substantial damage
  > The unexpected, gusting crosswind.
- [NTSB MIA92IA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92IA093.md): Douglas DC-3C · San Juan, PR · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 10, 1992 · N135FS · Minor damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper loading of personnel, and improper supervision of the first officer/co-pilot while calculating the center of gravity limits for the flight. This resulted in the forward center of gravity limit being exceeded and subsequent nose…
- [NTSB LAX92LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA140.md): Cessna 172P · Santa Monica, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1992 · N98662 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare and her improper bounced landing recovery technique. Contributing factors were the airplane's excessive approach airspeed and the student's lack of experience.
- [NTSB LAX92LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA139.md): Cessna 210G · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1992 · N5885F · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the left main landing gear saddle.
- [NTSB FTW92LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW92LA086.md): Cessna 172P · Harrison, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1992 · N54956 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point, and his failure to maintain the proper descent rate.
- [NTSB CHI92LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA109.md): Cessna 177BII · Bloomington, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1992 · N35151 · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors in the accident were excessive airspeed at landing and habit interference.
- [NTSB MIA92LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92LA092.md): Cessna 170A · Miami, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 8, 1992 · N9998A · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot in command to maintain directional control. Contributing to the accident was the unfavorable wind (windshift).
- [NTSB CHI92LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA107.md): Beech C23 · Ozark, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 7, 1992 · N9183S · Substantial damage
  > The CFI pilot-in-command's failure to provide adequate supervision of a dual student. A factor contributing to the accident was the student pilot's failure to maintain airspeed.
- [NTSB BFO92LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92LA030.md): Piper PA-28R-201T · Brewer, ME · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 5, 1992 · N3768M · Destroyed
  > The pilot's decision to land on an icy runway and then attempt to take off. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to completely raise the flaps after the balked landing.
- [NTSB MIA92LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92LA091.md): Cessna 150K · Gainesville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 1992 · N40SA · Substantial damage
  > The improper in flight decision by the pilot-in-command to land with an excessive rate of descent and airspeed. Contributing to the accident was the pilot-in-command's improper recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in an on ground loss of control…
- [NTSB CHI92IA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92IA101.md): McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 · Chicago, IL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1992 · N1820U · Minor damage
  > Contaminated anti-skid braking system electrical connectors which resulted in a partial loss of the anti-skid system and locking up of the brakes on the left main gear.
- [NTSB ANC92LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC92LA043.md): Douglas DC-6B · Selawik, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1992 · N151 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate pre flight planning and disregarding the aircraft performance data. Contributing factors were the extreme outside air temperatures, the icy runway, and the tailwind.
- [NTSB FTW92LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW92LA078.md): Grumman G-164A · Gillette, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 2, 1992 · N9780 · Substantial damage
  > The unsuitable terrain selected by the pilot.
- [NTSB NYC92LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92LA070.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Medina, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1992 · N5908D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during landing. Contributing to the accident were strong winds.
- [NTSB MIA92IA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92IA090.md): Cessna 402C · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1992 · N6786C · Minor damage
  > Improper overhaul by company maintenance personnel and inaccurate gear down and locked indication in the cockpit.
- [NTSB DEN92LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN92LA038.md): Thorpe T-18 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1992 · N48DD · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the rudder control system when the pilot attempted to correct for an inadvertent ground loop during landing roll.
- [NTSB ATL92LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92LA055.md): Pitts S-1 · Reidsville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1992 · N517L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to compensate for the tailwind and the improper touch down point. Factors were the tailwind and downdraft which resulted from the tall obstacles (trees) around the runway.
- [NTSB LAX92LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA132.md): Cessna 195A · San Jose, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 29, 1992 · N3451V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper compensation for the existing wind conditions and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Contributing to the accident was the left quartering tail/crosswind.
- [NTSB NYC92LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92LA068.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Williamstown, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 28, 1992 · N26007 · Substantial damage
  > Improper bounced landing recovery by the pilot which resulted in a loss of control and the airplane striking a parked airplane.
- [NTSB CHI92LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA100.md): Cessna 340 · Ashland, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 28, 1992 · N69437 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot delayed initiating a go-around. Factors were icing conditions and inadequate windshield anti-ice which resulted in restricted visual lookout.
- [NTSB SEA92LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA92LA053.md): Cessna 180 · Quilcene, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 1992 · N1680C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors include a poor in flight decision and unfavorable/gusty winds.
- [NTSB CHI92LA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA098.md): Cessna 150L · Peru, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 1992 · N6785G · Substantial damage
  > The students pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. A factor in the accident was the pilot's lack of experience in the type of operation.
- [NTSB NYC92LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92LA064.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Fredericksburg, VA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 22, 1992 · N2921G · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain the proper glide path. Factors related to the accident were delayed remedial action by the pilot and night conditions.
- [NTSB LAX92LA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA123.md): Beech C-23 · Fullerton, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 22, 1992 · N2169W · Substantial damage
  > Was the pilot's poorly planned approach. Contributing to this accident was the prevailing haze/smoke, the pilot's failure to attain a proper glidepath, proper touch down point and excessive final approach airspeed.
- [NTSB CHI92LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA097.md): Luscombe 8A · Alpena, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 21, 1992 · N1405K · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point. Related factors are his misjudged approach and failure to take remedial action.
- [NTSB CHI92LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA092.md): Cessna 340A · Lapeer, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 20, 1992 · N5349J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB SEA92LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA92LA048.md): Cessna 172P · Nordman, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 17, 1992 · N96617 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot selected unsuitable terrain. Factors contributing to the accident were: the snow covered runway, and the pilot in command's inadequate preflight planning.
- [NTSB ANC92LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC92LA037.md): Aeronca 7AC · Sitka, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 17, 1992 · N82380 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot/flight instructor's loss of directional control during the landing roll and the subsequent ground loop/swerve. Contributing to the accident was the gusty crosswind condition.
- [NTSB NYC92FA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92FA061.md): Mooney M20K · Wheeling, WV · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 16, 1992 · N231NR · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed and his improper handling of the aircraft which resulted in an inadvertent stall at an altitude insufficient for proper recovery. A factor related to the accident was icing conditions which resulted in airframe ice.
- [NTSB LAX92LA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA119.md): Robinson R-22M · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 15, 1992 · N1107M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot not maintaining the proper descent rate and misjudging the landing flare which resulted in the aircraft pitching forward and rolling over.
- [NTSB NYC92LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC92LA058.md): Piper PA60-700P · Wooster, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 14, 1992 · N6907C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot allowed the airspeed to decay, delayed the go-around, and prematurely rotated the airplane which resulted in the airplane over running the runway. Factor in the accident were the pilot inadequately planned the approach; freezing drizzle and runway…
- [NTSB LAX92LA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA116.md): Beech D-18H · Lanai, HI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 14, 1992 · N33AP · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to compensate for an encounter with a windshear phenomena. Contributing to the accident was the lack of a low level windshear warning system or a system for the collection and dissemination of weather advisories.
- [NTSB CHI92LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA090.md): Cessna 414 · Logansport, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 13, 1992 · N4644G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain an adequate approach speed which resulted in an improper flare. Factors contributing to the accident were the inadequate inflight deicing of the airframe surfaces and in icing conditions encountered.
- [NTSB ANC92LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC92LA036.md): Richard C. Ballow Kitfox 1 · Valdez, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 12, 1992 · N5154U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the airplane's brakes. Factors which contributed to the accident were the icy runway condition and the pilot's lack of total experience with this type of operation.
- [NTSB DEN92LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN92LA033.md): Cessna 172N · Parshall, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 10, 1992 · N737BY · Substantial damage
  > Improper use of powerplant controls by the duel student and inadequate supervision by the CFI. Factors were: carburetor heat not used, deep snow covered terrain, and carburetor ice conditions.
- [NTSB MIA92LA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92LA083.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 9, 1992 · N56982 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to attain the proper touchdown point due to landing before the displaced threshold on the rwy.
- [NTSB SEA92LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA92LA043.md): Taylorcraft BC12-65 · West Jordan, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 8, 1992 · N50659 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain control of the aircraft. A factor contributing to the accident was gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB DEN92LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN92LA030.md): Piper PA-30 · Monte Vista, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1992 · N1509 · Substantial damage
  > Operation of the aircraft with known deficiencies in equipment by the pilot in command, and jammed landing gear extension mechanisms due to corrosion.
- [NTSB LAX92LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA111.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Alturas, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 5, 1992 · N7086W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare and his improper bounced landing recovery technique.
- [NTSB CHI92LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA087.md): Cessna 170 · Howell, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 2, 1992 · N432W · Substantial damage
  > Directional control was not maintained by the pilot. A factor related to the accident was: a cross wind.
- [NTSB CHI92LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA086.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Sandstone, MN · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 2, 1992 · N56750 · Substantial damage
  > The collision with the deer, the damage to the gascolator which resulted from the collision and the pilot's decision to abort the landing after the collision.
- [NTSB ATL92LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92LA043.md): Cessna 152 · Shelbyville, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 2, 1992 · N6299Q · Substantial damage
  > The improper level off by the student pilot because of misjudging the airplane's altitude above the runway. A factor was her diverted attention by an aircraft behind her in the traffic pattern.
- [NTSB LAX92LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA106.md): Cessna 172N · Cottonwood, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 29, 1992 · N6087D · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain airspeed and premature raising of the flaps. Contributing to this accident was the improper recovery from a bounced landing, lack of total experience, and the inadvertent stall.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=346

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=345

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