# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 350 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB SEA91LA195](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA195.md): Grumman G-164A · Genesee, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1991 · N48599 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain alignment with the strip. Contributing to the accident was the glare of a bright horizon at dawn.
- [NTSB NYC91LA192](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA192.md): Cessna 150M · Brookville, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1991 · N9247U · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and his improper recovery from the bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC91LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA190.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Thomasville, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1991 · N2315P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of flight controls during the landing roll, which resulted in a loss of airplane control. Factors related to the accident were: the loose nose wheel shimmy dampener and the pilot's lack of flight experience in this make and model of…
- [NTSB FTW91LA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW91LA128.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Heber Springs, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1991 · N8233A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's touchdown at an improper point on the airstrip. A factor was the wet downsloping grass airstrip.
- [NTSB ATL91LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA143.md): Hinton Kitfox · Killen, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1991 · N174PH · Substantial damage
  > Weather conditions conducive to carburetor icing. A factor was the lack of a carburetor heat system on the engine.
- [NTSB CHI91LA234](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA234.md): Cessna 172 · Sheboygan, WI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 27, 1991 · N4821G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. Factors are the pilot's lack of total expereince, his inadequate recovery from the bounced landing and the crosswind condition.
- [NTSB CHI91LA231](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA231.md): Let L-13 · Gregory, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1991 · N781BA · Substantial damage
  > A collision with wires after the glider overshot the landing area due to inadvertent lowering of the flaps and no use of spoilers.
- [NTSB ANC91LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA109.md): Piper PA-18 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1991 · N917VK · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane on landing.
- [NTSB SEA91LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA191.md): Grumman G-164A · Hamer, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N6702Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain runway aligment. Factors include high vegetation, and an inadverent ground loop/swerve.
- [NTSB SEA91LA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA188.md): Waco KNF · Wendover, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · NC698N · Substantial damage
  > Pilot installed an improper 'o' ring which restricted normal landing gear extension and subsequent loss of control by the pilot.
- [NTSB LAX91LA328](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA328.md): Beech 76 · Sacramento, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N6045M · Substantial damage
  > A fatigue failure of the landing gear strut due to an inadequate design by the manufacturer. Contributing to the accident was maintenance personnel not having completed an inspection of the gear strut, in accordance with the manufacturer's service bulletin.
- [NTSB LAX91LA327](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA327.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Reno, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N72JP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of his airplane and his inadequate compensation for the crosswind condition. A contributing factor related to the presence of the crosswind.
- [NTSB FTW91LA133](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW91LA133.md): Cessna 150 · Searcy, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N7655U · Substantial damage
  > The pilots misjudgment of altitude and lack of a timely flare.
- [NTSB FTW91DPG17](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW91DPG17.md): Grumman G-164 · Goodwin, AR · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N634U · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB ANC91LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA106.md): Cessna 206 · Cube Cove, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N8295Q · Substantial damage
  > A complete failure of the brake system due to a crack in the brake lines. Contributing to the accident was that the brakes were not adequately maintained by company maintenance personnel.
- [NTSB NYC91LA187](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA187.md): Meyers MAC-145 · Elyria, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1991 · N34360 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during landing. Factors related to the accident were a strong wind shear during landing; unavailability of wheel brakes for the co-pilot; and inadequate supervision of the co-pilot during landing.
- [NTSB CHI91LA225](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA225.md): Cessna 305A · Keokuk, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1991 · N5074Z · Substantial damage
  > Diverted attention by the pilot resulting in directional control not being maintained. A factor related to the accident was crosswind.
- [NTSB ANC91LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA108.md): Cessna 185 · Clarks Point, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1991 · N6166N · Substantial damage
  > The loss of directional control on the ground caused by the failure of the left brake disc. Contributing to the accident was the pilot-in-command's intentional ground loop of the airplane.
- [NTSB FTW91LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW91LA125.md): Bell 47G-2 · Slidell, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 22, 1991 · N312SH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot performing a touchdown autorotation to unsuitable terrain. Factors were the soft terrain and the inadequate supervision by the FAA inspector.
- [NTSB DEN91LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN91LA103.md): Cessna 172N · Watkins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 22, 1991 · N733BX · Substantial damage
  > The pilot selected the wrong runway and landed with a tailwind.
- [NTSB CHI91LA241](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA241.md): Cessna 150 · Winona, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 22, 1991 · N19153 · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare performed by the pilot. A factor related to the accident was lack of total experience by the pilot.
- [NTSB MIA91LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA91LA190.md): Cessna 150M · Tunica, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1991 · N45285 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. The quartering crosswind and soft terrain were related factors.
- [NTSB LAX91LA285](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA285.md): Cessna 172RG/A · Vacaville, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1991 · N5247U · Substantial damage
  > The private pilot PIC failed to maintain directional control during landing rollout. The CFI pilot failed to take remedial action.
- [NTSB SEA91LA185](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA185.md): Cessna 180 · Cody, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1991 · N3343D · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment. Factors were diverted attention, and gusty crosswinds.
- [NTSB NYC91LA184](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA184.md): Piper PA-11 · Eagle Lake, ME · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1991 · N4504M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of his altitude during a landing on glassy water, which resulted in a loss of airplane control.
- [NTSB CHI91LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA222.md): Cessna 172 · West Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1991 · N99515 · Substantial damage
  > Directional control was not maintained by the cfi/pic. Factors related to the accident were a gusty cross wind and an airport facility, VASI light.
- [NTSB ATL91LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA137.md): Cessna 182 · Jenkinsburg, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1991 · N6445A · Substantial damage
  > The separation of the nose wheel, during the landing roll, for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB ANC91LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA103.md): Cessna 185 · Jago River, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1991 · N1650Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. Contributing to the accident was the wet surface of the airstrip, the curve in the airstrip, and the vegetation which covered the entire airstrip.
- [NTSB SEA91LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA176.md): Mooney M-20K · Mccall, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1991 · N231AS · Substantial damage
  > An on ground collision with an animal during the landing roll. A factor to the accident was: a dark night condition.
- [NTSB NYC91LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA148.md): Cessna 172N · Lincoln Park, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1991 · N737WG · Substantial damage
  > The decision of the pilot to discontinue a go-around, from an attempted landing, resulting in the airplane striking trees. A factor related to the accident was the lack of total flight experience of the student pilot.
- [NTSB SEA91LA177](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA177.md): Cessna 152 · Walla Walla, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1991 · N48965 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's poor compensation for wind conditions. Factors were downdrafts and the student pilots lack of experience in this type of operation.
- [NTSB NYC91LA225](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA225.md): Burkhart Grob G103B · Marion, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1991 · N5448X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper decision to change landing runways with insufficient altitude and airspeed which resulted in a dragged wing and ground loop.
- [NTSB DEN91LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN91LA101.md): Cessna 421B · Colorado Spring, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1991 · N768RA · Substantial damage
  > A fractured fuel line and an improperly performed annual inspection.
- [NTSB NYC91LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA137.md): Beech C-23 · Chesapeake, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1991 · N9723Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed that would preclude a stall. Contributing to the accident was the opened door.
- [NTSB CHI91LA219](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA219.md): Schweizer 2-32 · Plainfield, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1991 · N2477W · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to attain proper alignment with the runway. A factor related to the accident was the high vegetation/crop in which the landing was made.
- [NTSB ATL91LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA135.md): Piper PA-24-260 · Springfield, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1991 · N8739P · Substantial damage
  > The PA-24 pilot's failure to maintain proper airspeed while executing a go-around, resulting in the stalling of the airplane. A factor in the accident was the PA-24 pilot's failure to visually detect the J-3 in a timely manner.
- [NTSB ANC91LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA100.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Naknek, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1991 · N2120M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the proper touchdown. Contributing to the accident was the gust of wind on final approach.
- [NTSB NYC91LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA180.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Old Bridge, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1991 · N7191W · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > The failure of both pilots to maintain proper visual lookout. Factor related to the accident was inadequate radio communications by the pilots.
- [NTSB NYC91LA179](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA179.md): Robinson R-22B · White Plains, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1991 · N2446X · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to ensure the helicopter had no lateral motion upon touchdown.
- [NTSB LAX91LA312](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA312.md): Cessna 172N · Mariposa, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1991 · N6521J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging his planned approach. A down-sloping runway surface was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB ATL91LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA132.md): Boeing A75N1 · Social Circle, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1991 · N49964 · Substantial damage
  > The airplane collided with the steel pole which supports the windsock while the pilot maneuvered to avoid a collision with a deer on the runway.
- [NTSB ANC91LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA099.md): Cessna 402-C · Kiana, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1991 · N67941 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to attain the proper touchdown point and overran the usable portion of the runway which was under construction.
- [NTSB SEA91LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA180.md): Piper PA-20 · Chehalis, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1991 · N7458K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment. Factors include gusty winds and crosswinds.
- [NTSB CHI91LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA217.md): Piper PA22/20 · Stevens Point, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1991 · N5968D · Substantial damage
  > The improper installation of the flight control system rudder control rod (rudder cable bellcrank torque tube) by maintenance personnel. A factor contributing to this accident was the inoperative tailwheel steering.
- [NTSB DEN91LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN91LA099.md): Beech 95-B55 · Watkins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1991 · N711VL · Substantial damage
  > A blown tire and both pilots' failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB NYC91DHM01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91DHM01.md): Airnew Questair · Lincoln Park, NJ · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jul 10, 1991 · N75A · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the nose gear fork, which caused the pilot to lose steering control of the airplane and veer off the left side of the runway.
- [NTSB ANC91FA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91FA094.md): Cessna U206C · Nikiski, AK · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 10, 1991 · N3941G · Destroyed
  > Poor judgement of the pilot, due to impairment from consumption of alcohol, and his failure to maintain adequate airspeed, while maneuvering during an aborted landing (go-around). Factors related to the accident were: the open cargo door, disabled flaps, and…
- [NTSB SEA91LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA165.md): Cessna 172N · Medford, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1991 · N734MD · Substantial damage
  > An intentional porpoise. Factors include the pilot's psychological condition.
- [NTSB MIA91LA229](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA91LA229.md): Bell 206B · Vero Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1991 · N333FC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain the proper descent rate resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX91LA299](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA299.md): Grumman G-164B · Crows Landing, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1991 · N6628Q · Destroyed
  > The pilot Landing his airplane erroneously on the wrong Landing surface. Factors in this accident were: sunglare and its interference with the pilot's vision and the soft terrain.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=351

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=350

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