# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 370 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB CHI89LA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA188.md): Cessna 150 · Wash Courthouse, OH · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 18, 1989 · N6172K · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the student pilot. Factors related to the accident were: the student's selection of the wrong runway, and the tailwind.
- [NTSB MIA89LA254](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA254.md): Piper PA-34-220T · Fort Myers, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1989 · N8371H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Darkness was a related factor.
- [NTSB DEN89LA220](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA220.md): Cessna 182RG · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1989 · N7346X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to extend the landing gear. The pilot's anxiety and/or apprehension about a suspected loss of electrical power, and his attention being diverted by other traffic were contributing factors.
- [NTSB CHI89LA187](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA187.md): Cessna 120 · Shelbyville, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 16, 1989 · N1844N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain proper alignment during the landing roll.
- [NTSB CHI89LA184](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA184.md): Douglas DC-3A · Columbus, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 15, 1989 · N143JR · Substantial damage
  > The co-pilot's failure to relinquish control of the aircraft to the pilot-in-command after encountering directional control difficulties during roll-out, and excessive braking by the co-pilot.
- [NTSB ANC89LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA165.md): Cessna U206 · Nondalton, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 15, 1989 · N756NG · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to attain the proper touchdown point for the landing, his excessive airspeed, and his misjudgement of runway distance remaining. Factors related to the accident were: loose/wet gravel on the runway and the location of the parked aircraft…
- [NTSB LAX89DUJ10](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89DUJ10.md): Ayres S-2R · Yuma, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Sep 14, 1989 · N4977X · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control after landing on a dry gravel runway.
- [NTSB ANC89LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA164.md): Piper PA-18 · Stony River, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 14, 1989 · N62RT · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to ensure that his landing area was properly clear prior to landing.
- [NTSB MIA89IA249](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89IA249.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Fort Pierce, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1989 · N9207Q · Minor damage
  > The student's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Contributing to the accident was the student's lack of experience.
- [NTSB MIA89IA248](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89IA248.md): Boeing 757-232 · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1989 · N629DL · Minor damage
  > Improper use of the elevator control.
- [NTSB ANC89LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA162.md): Piper PA-18 · Trading Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 12, 1989 · N3680Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot selected unsuitable terrain for his intended landing area. Wet terrain/hydroplaning conditions in the initial touchdown area and an object (stump) contributed to the occurrence.
- [NTSB LAX89LA308](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA308.md): Cessna 152 · Torrance, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1989 · N95554 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing roll-out, which resulted a ground swerve. The pilot's relatively low level of flying experience and the berm beside the runway were related factors.
- [NTSB FTW89LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA164.md): Cessna 140A · Austin, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1989 · N9687A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aidrcraft. The gusty crosswind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB ANC89LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA166.md): Piper PA-18 · Circle City, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1989 · N339T · Substantial damage
  > Pilot failed to maintain directional during the landing roll.
- [NTSB SEA89LA168](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA168.md): Cessna R182 · Jordan Valley, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 1989 · N4934S · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain (closed/rough runway), and the crosswind.
- [NTSB DEN89LA225](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA225.md): Cessna 170 · Cortez, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 1989 · N170LF · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground loop.
- [NTSB CHI89LA181](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA181.md): Piper PA-22-150 · South Haven, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 1989 · N3633P · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ATL89LA211](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA211.md): Aeronca 7AC · Screven, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 1989 · N82705 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of maintenance personnel to correct right brake adjustment problems during brake repairs which led to a failure of the right brake, and the pilot's delay in taking remedial action to correct the veering initiated by the brake failure.
- [NTSB NYC89LA214](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA214.md): Cessna 172N · Bayport, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1989 · N734UG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudging speed and distance resulting in his overshooting the landing and running off the end of the runway.
- [NTSB LAX89DVG10](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89DVG10.md): Minicab Hawk · Montaque, CA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Sep 9, 1989 · N5671 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control after landing.
- [NTSB FTW89LA163](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA163.md): Cessna 152 · Ardmore, OK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1989 · N5316U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's loss of control during an attempted go around.
- [NTSB ANC89LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA161.md): Cessna 180 · Yakataga, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1989 · N2355C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to maintain directional control and inadvertently allowed the aircraft to ground loop. The tailwind was a contributing factor.
- [NTSB LAX89LA306](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA306.md): Cessna A185F · Big Bear City, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 8, 1989 · N252W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the unfavorable wind conditions.
- [NTSB LAX89LA305](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA305.md): Cessna 210 · Marble Canyon, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1989 · N5434V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot selected the wrong runway and landed downwind.
- [NTSB LAX89LA302](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA302.md): Cessna 180 · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 6, 1989 · N1739C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight planning after being advised of possible wake turbulence.
- [NTSB FTW89LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA162.md): Cessna 172K · Midlothian, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1989 · N736YG · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to compensate for the crosswind condition, which resulted in a loss of directional control and collision with a tree.
- [NTSB FTW89DQG06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89DQG06.md): Cessna T188C · Levelland, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Sep 5, 1989 · N9957J · Substantial damage
  > A partial brake system failure due to a leak in the left brake master cylinder.
- [NTSB DEN89LA207](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA207.md): Cessna C-150 · Platteville, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1989 · N7979E · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to compensate for the wind conditions and his failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll. Contributing to the accident was the gusting crosswind.
- [NTSB SEA89LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA161.md): Cessna 172P · Alderwood Manor, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1989 · N98354 · Substantial damage
  > Improper planning/decision by the pilot. The tailwind and high obstructions were related factors.
- [NTSB NYC89LA210](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA210.md): Grumman AA-5B · South Harpswell, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1989 · N4554L · Substantial damage
  > A delay by the pilot in aborting a late go-around. Factors related to the accident were: the pilot's improper flare for landing, his improper recovery from the subsequent bounced landing, and tree(s) near the runway.
- [NTSB LAX89LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA301.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Torrance, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1989 · N25649 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise. A factor related to the accident was: the lack of training in recovery from bounced landings from her instructor pilot (CFI).
- [NTSB ANC89LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA157.md): Piper PA-11 · Igushik, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1989 · N4760M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot selected unsuitable terrain for a landing. Soft terrain was a contributing factor.
- [NTSB MIA89LA239](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA239.md): Lake LA-4-200 · Orlando, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1989 · N1072L · Substantial damage
  > Retraction of the right main landing gear for an unknown reason.
- [NTSB MKC89LA195](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA195.md): Bell 47G · Ozark, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N182JR · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the dual student to properly flare during an autorotative landing resulting in a hard landing and partial failure of the right skid. The CFI also failed to properly monitor the student's actions on the flight controls.
- [NTSB LAX89LA299](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA299.md): Cessna 150M · Riverside, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N6289K · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. Factors related to the accident were: the student's lack of recent experience and improper training by her flight instructor.
- [NTSB FTW89LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA158.md): Cessna 172M · Bellville, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N13620 · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the pilot and his improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise and subsequent nose gear failure.
- [NTSB DEN89LA215](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA215.md): Cessna 180K · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N2705K · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in a ground swerve. The crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB DEN89LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA205.md): Cessna 182B · Philip, SD · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N2685G · Substantial damage
  > Loss of engine power for an undetermined reason. Factors related to the accident were: the power line & pole.
- [NTSB ATL89LA210](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA210.md): Piper PA-24-260 · Hanceville, AL · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N666KH · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the pilot/owner and his failure to obtain/maintain proper airspeed for the go-around; and inadequate supervision and remedial action by the instructor pilot (other crew member). The uneven surface of the private strip was a contributing…
- [NTSB ANC89LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA156.md): de Havilland DHC-3 · Sheenjek River, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1989 · N17689 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to go around when he was unable to attain the proper touchdown point and his excessive application of brakes during the landing. Contributing factors were: the downdraft, excessive remedial action, and soft terrain.
- [NTSB DEN89LA211](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA211.md): Cessna 182L · Moab, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1989 · N42027 · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate compensation for the wind conditions by the pilot, and his failure to attain a flare. The unfavorable (variable & gusty) wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB ANC89LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA158.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Trading Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1989 · N4482E · Substantial damage
  > Selection of unsuitable terrain (landing area) by the pilot. Contributing factors were: improper information provided by other personnel and a hidden obstruction (log) in tall vegetation (grass).
- [NTSB SEA89FA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89FA155.md): Cessna 402B · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1989 · CGRKR · Substantial damage
  > The landing gear down lock mechanism failure.
- [NTSB NYC89LA212](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA212.md): Balloon Works Firefly · Hatboro, PA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1989 · N7406F · Minor damage
  > Improper in-flight planning/decision by the pilot which resulted in his failure to maintain clearance obstructions. A related factor was: the low level of propane (fuel), which resulted in low burner pressure.
- [NTSB ATL89LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA205.md): Beech A23-19 · Hertford, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1989 · N5796V · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to properly flare the airplane during landing. Factors contributing to the accident were the high obstructions at both ends of the runway.
- [NTSB ANC89LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA153.md): Piper PA-18 · Gulkana, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1989 · N13931 · Substantial damage
  > The pilots improper use of brakes during the landing roll.
- [NTSB ANC89LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA152.md): Piper PA-18 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1989 · N150LT · Substantial damage
  > Improper planning/decision by the plt. Contributing factors were rough terrain, rain, high density altitude, tailwind, gusts, and the pilot's improper use of brakes.
- [NTSB MIA89FA237](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89FA237.md): Eagle DW-1-220 · Oklawaha, FL · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 29, 1989 · N8802M · Destroyed
  > The loss of control on the ground during the landing roll for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB SEA89LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA158.md): Piper PA-15 · Independence, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1989 · N4549H · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during the landing, which resulted in an inadvertent ground loop and subsequent overload failure of the left main gear. A factor related to the accident was: improper flare by the pilot.
- [NTSB MIA89LA235](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA235.md): Cessna 172N · Madison, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1989 · N5215E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in porpoising of the aircraft and an uncontrolled ground swerve.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=371

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=370

---
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