# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 376 of 1,075 · 53,703 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB CHI89LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA080.md): Cessna 411 · Detroit, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 25, 1989 · N444EA · Substantial damage
  > Failure of a bolt in the left main landing gear assembly.
- [NTSB CHI89LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA077.md): Cessna 152 · Cahokia, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 25, 1989 · N5498B · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate compensation for wind conditions by the student pilot and his failure to maintain directional control. The crosswind and the student's lack of total experience were contributing factors.
- [NTSB BFO89LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO89LA032.md): Cessna 152 · Manassas, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 25, 1989 · N6558L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. Contributing factors were the slight crosswind and the pilot's lack of experience.
- [NTSB FTW89LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA084.md): Cessna 150 · San Antonio, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1989 · N63467 · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the pilot, his delay in attempting to abort the landing, and his failure to maintain directional control. A factor related to the accident was: the pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point for a landing.
- [NTSB DEN89LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA112.md): Cessna 152 · Ogden, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1989 · N49177 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing & separation of the nose landing wheel. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of total experience.
- [NTSB ATL89LA134](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA134.md): Maule MX-7-180 · Millersburg, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1989 · N6129C · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to compensate for the gusty wind conditions during landing.
- [NTSB ANC89LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA061.md): Cessna 180 · Fairbanks, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1989 · N7652A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB CHI89LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA076.md): Waco YMF · Lansing, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 23, 1989 · N455RT · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll, and his excessive brake application as the aircraft departed the runway, which resulted in the aircraft nosing over. The pilot's inexperience in taildragger aircraft, and the inadequate…
- [NTSB MKC89LA095](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA095.md): Beech BE-55 · Hot Springs, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1989 · N7739R · Substantial damage
  > A wheels up landing was performed by the pilot in command, due to the interrupted landing and go-around. A psychological traffic pattern habit interference mind set interfered with the pilots ability to perform the normal functions required by the landing…
- [NTSB ANC89LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA063.md): Piper PA-18 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1989 · N1738A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions and the inadvertant stall/mush of the airplane. Contributing factors are the pilot's overconfidence, self-induced pressure, mountainous terrain and whiteout conditions.
- [NTSB ANC89LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA062.md): Piper PA-18 · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1989 · N90918 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB LAX89LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA166.md): Waco QCF · Hollbrook, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1989 · N12428 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane due to gusting wind conditions. The pilot did not adequately correct the situation before the airplane traveled into soft terrain.
- [NTSB FTW89LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA080.md): Cessna 182Q · Leakey, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 21, 1989 · N182BS · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper compensation for wind conditions, improper flare, and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors related to the accident were: the gusty wind condition and the pilot's lack of experience in this make and model of aircraft.
- [NTSB FTW89DRA04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89DRA04.md): Air Tractor AT-502 · Ganado, TX · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Apr 19, 1989 · N7320C · Substantial damage
  > Loss of directional control for an unknown reason.
- [NTSB DEN89LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA111.md): Cessna 170A · Kalispell, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1989 · N5414C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during the landing flare and rollout. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of proficiency with only 4 hours of flight time in the preceding 90 day period.
- [NTSB MKC89LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA092.md): Vestal Quickie Q2 · St Joseph, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1989 · N14VV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft. A factor related to the accident was: the pilot's lack of experience in this make and model of aircraft.
- [NTSB NYC89LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA120.md): Cessna 172 · So. Bethlehem, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 17, 1989 · N6105E · Substantial damage
  > The pilots misjudgement of landing distance which resulted in the failure to touchdown at a proper touchdown point. The pilot also failed to perform a go-around.
- [NTSB FTW89FA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89FA081.md): Head Balloons AX8-88 · Troy, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 1989 · N4510H · Substantial damage
  > Improper planning/decision by the pilot, and inadequate supervision by the check pilot, which resulted in their failure to maintain clearance from the tree during the landing. Factors related to the accident were: the high wind & tree(s).
- [NTSB NYC89LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA118.md): Piper PA-34-220T · W.Mifflin, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1989 · N8468H · Substantial damage
  > The improper level off of the aircraft by the pilot which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent gear collapse.
- [NTSB MIA89LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA131.md): Cessna 182P · Tavernier, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1989 · N7298N · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain runway alignment and retract the flaps to the recommended setting during the go-around.
- [NTSB FTW89LA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA082.md): Cessna 152 · Addison, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1989 · N4870B · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate aircraft handling by the student pilot, where she allowed the airplane to start to porpoise, and then did not correct it.
- [NTSB ATL89LA129](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA129.md): Cessna 152 · Gratis, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1989 · N757HJ · Substantial damage
  > The foreign material (bird nest) in the engine compartment, and failure of the dual student or instructor pilot (CFI) to identify and remove it during their preflight inspection of the aircraft. Soft terrain in the emergency landing area and smoke from the…
- [NTSB SEA89LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA069.md): Cessna 182 · Arlington, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 14, 1989 · N4811D · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot touched down too FAR down the runway to allow him to stop before running into a trailer.
- [NTSB NYC89LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA117.md): Cessna 172M · Palmyra, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 14, 1989 · N9946Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the airspeed and distance during the landing.
- [NTSB NYC89LA115](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA115.md): Piper PA-28-160 · Matawan, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1989 · N43663 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate action after encountering tailwind conditions during landing.
- [NTSB MIA89LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA130.md): North American SNJ-5 · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1989 · N15HB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground loop.
- [NTSB LAX89LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA158.md): Cessna 172N · Eureka, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 12, 1989 · N6253D · Substantial damage
  > The improper in-flight planning by the instructor pilot when he allowed the private pilot student to land long. Additionally, the instructor delayed remedial action until the runway overrun was inevitable.
- [NTSB ANC89LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA058.md): Cessna 185 · Trinity Lake, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 12, 1989 · N9850X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain on which to land.
- [NTSB NYC89LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA114.md): Hughes 269C · Rosehayn, NJ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 11, 1989 · N1093Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to maintain control of the aircraft during landing. This resulted in an uncontrolled touchdown and rollover of the helicopter.
- [NTSB DEN89LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA106.md): Cessna A188B · Rapelje, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 10, 1989 · N731XG · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate compensation for the wind conditions by the pilot which resulted in a loss of directional control on landing and subsequent collision with a ditch.
- [NTSB ATL89LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA124.md): Cessna 172RG · Miamisburg, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 10, 1989 · N9688B · Substantial damage
  > Intermittant grounding of an electrical wire to the nose landing gear. The chafed wire resulted in the opening of the landing gear motor circuit breaker preventing full extension of the left main landing gear. A secondary failure of the throttle warning…
- [NTSB LAX89LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA153.md): Stinson 108-3 · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 8, 1989 · N6662M · Substantial damage
  > Directional control not maintained by the pilot. Unfavorable wind, high wind, and gusts were contributing factors.
- [NTSB SEA89LA065](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA065.md): Cessna 150K · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1989 · N6395G · Substantial damage
  > The decision of a student pilot to continue to land the aircraft with a crosswind that exceeded his ability level.
- [NTSB LAX89DUJ06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89DUJ06.md): Murphy VARI-EZE · Parker, AZ · Accident · 1 fatal · Final report · Apr 5, 1989 · N8494J · Destroyed
  > Undetermined.
- [NTSB DEN89LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA100.md): Piper PA-34-220T · Cheyenne, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1989 · N83864 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot-in-command to properly recover from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB DEN89LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA099.md): Piper PA-18 · Devils Lake, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1989 · N7523K · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate compensation for wind conditions by the pilot, which resulted in loss of directional control and an inadvertent ground loop/swerve. Contributing factors were: the crosswind and the pilot's lack of familiarity with the aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI89LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA068.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1989 · N2944P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to compensate for the crosswind condition which existed during the landing. Contributing to the accident was the gusty, crosswind which existed and the failure of the aircraft manufacturer to provide crosswind performance data for the…
- [NTSB MIA89LA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA121.md): Cessna 340A · West Palm Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 2, 1989 · N4273C · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the right main landing gear bellcrank assembly due to binding and inadequate maintenance lubrication.
- [NTSB MIA89LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA120.md): Cessna 172M · Columbia, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 2, 1989 · N80436 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, which resulted in a loss of directional control. A factor related to the accident was: the gusty/crosswind condition.
- [NTSB LAX89LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA142.md): Beech C24R · Tucson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 1, 1989 · N23972 · Substantial damage
  > Pilot misjudged the landing. The pilot began his flare too high above the runway resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ATL89LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA120.md): Cessna 150L · Bowling Green, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 1, 1989 · N1044Z · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot failed to maintain control of the aircraft when he misjudged the height of the landing flare. The recovery from the bounced landing was inadequate and the nose gear collapsed upon impact with the runway.
- [NTSB LAX89LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA149.md): Cessna 182Q · Eureka, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1989 · N96642 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare during the landing.
- [NTSB DEN89LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA097.md): Cessna 150 · Garrison, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 31, 1989 · N6071K · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the student and inadequate supervision of the flight by the CFI which damaged the nose gear and restricted movement of the nosewheel steering and rudder control.
- [NTSB SEA89LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA060.md): Cessna 180 · Tacoma, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1989 · N2936C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from the bounced landing. Contributing factors were the pilot's low total flight time and his inexperience in the Cessna 180 airplane.
- [NTSB LAX89LA309](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA309.md): Hughes 269C · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1989 · N58164 · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the student pilot, and improper supervision by the instructor pilot (CFI).
- [NTSB NYC89FA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89FA106.md): Sikorsky S-76A · Manhattan, NY · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1989 · N760P · 2 aircraft · Substantial damage
  > The pilot of the other helicopter misjudged clearance between his and the other helicopter. Factors related to the accident were: inadequate layout (markings) of the heliport parking area, insufficient standard/requirement for numerical indication of maximum…
- [NTSB FTW89LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA071.md): Cessna 152 · Fort Worth, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1989 · N45940 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during the landing, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. Contributing factors were: inadequate supervision by the CFI, who authorized the 2nd solo flight in unfavorable wind conditions, the…
- [NTSB ATL89LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA117.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Timmonsville, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1989 · N9451T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to remain aware of the local wind conditions. Additionally, he executed the approach and landing with excessive speed, combined with a tailwind, which resulted in the runway overrun.
- [NTSB SEA89LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA062.md): Cessna 185 · Everett, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 26, 1989 · N6166N · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the tailwheel aircraft during landing roll.
- [NTSB NYC89LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA109.md): Cessna 172XP · Vineland, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 26, 1989 · N758BZ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgement of speed & distance during landing which resulted in the proper touchdown point to be exceeded. The runway conditions were contributing factors.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=377

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=376

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