# NTSB investigations: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 48 of 1,075 · 53,702 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ERA22LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA022.md): Cessna 172 · Statesboro, GA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 9, 2021 · N8592B · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure reduce power and apply sufficient braking after landing, which resulted in a runway excursion and impact with objects and terrain.
- [NTSB ERA22LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA013.md): Cessna 182 · Fruitland Park, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 9, 2021 · N5797B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to establish a proper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ERA22LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA012.md): Luscombe 8A · Winchester, VA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 9, 2021 · N4581M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s misapplication of brakes during the landing roll which resulted in a nose-over event and substantial damage to the airplane.
- [NTSB CEN22LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA014.md): Cessna 172R · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 9, 2021 · N24783 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane while landing in gusting wind conditions, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing and the nose landing gear collapsing..
- [NTSB DCA22WA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA22WA023.md): Airbus A320-214 · Ibague, Colombia · Incident · Class 5 · Foreign · Oct 8, 2021 · N742AV
- [NTSB WPR22LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22LA010.md): Richardson Andrew P RICHARDSON-75 · Alburquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 5, 2021 · N518UR · No damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper descent rate during the balloon’s approach to landing, which resulted in a hard landing and serious passenger injury.
- [NTSB ERA22LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA005.md): Cessna 210 · Columbia, SC · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 5, 2021 · N6318B · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the landing gear hydraulic power pack for reasons that could not be determined.
- [NTSB CEN22LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA005.md): Piper PA-18-105 Special · Houston, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 5, 2021 · N7117K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper application of brakes during landing.
- [NTSB WPR22LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR22LA008.md): Piper J3C-65 · Garberville, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Oct 4, 2021 · N3453K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll, which resulted in a runway excursion and subsequent collision with an unoccupied parked airplane.
- [NTSB CEN22LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA004.md): Cessna 195 · Watkins, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 4, 2021 · N3027B · Substantial damage
  > The separation of the left main landing gear spring during landing roll due to a preexisting fatigue crack.
- [NTSB GAA22WA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA22WA002.md): Cessna 172 · St-Mathieu-de-Laprairie, Canada · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 5 · Foreign · Oct 2, 2021 · C-FFRV · Substantial damage
- [NTSB ERA22LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA038.md): Aviat A-1C 200 · Riverhead, NY · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 2, 2021 · N199B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's excessive braking during landing which resulted in a noseover and substantial damage.
- [NTSB ERA22LA003](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA003.md): Culp John S Culps Specl Sopwith · Pottstown, PA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Oct 1, 2021 · N329CC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during landing, which resulted in a ground loop.
- [NTSB CEN21LA469](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA469.md): Meuer SA900 V-STAR · Kokomo, IN · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 30, 2021 · N675MM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate speed and altitude during final approach, which resulted in an off field landing short of the runway and a subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB ERA21LA394](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA394.md): Costruzioni Aeronautiche Tecna P92 Eaglet · Apopka, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 29, 2021 · N615TA · Substantial damage
  > A loss of directional control during landing for reasons that could not be determined based upon the disposition of the wreckage following a late accident report.
- [NTSB ERA21LA390](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA390.md): Eurocopter AS 350 B3 · Kinston, NC · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 29, 2021 · N370NC · Substantial damage
  > The buckling of the tail boom as a result of a hard landing event of undetermined time and location.
- [NTSB ANC21LA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC21LA098.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Willow, AK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 29, 2021 · N9724P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance to terrain following a go-around.
- [NTSB GAA21WA244](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA244.md): Bell 206 · Pereira, Colombia · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Foreign · Sep 28, 2021 · HK-4311 · Substantial damage
- [NTSB GAA21WA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA242.md): Mooney M20M · Tököl, Hungary · Accident · Class 5 · Foreign · Sep 28, 2021 · N999U · Substantial damage
- [NTSB CEN21LA460](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA460.md): Cessna P210N · El Paso, TX · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 28, 2021 · N4614K · Substantial damage
  > A faulty landing gear pressure switch prematurely deactivated the landing gear motor during extension, which resulted in the landing gear collapsing during rollout.
- [NTSB WPR21FA353](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21FA353.md): Beech S35 · Billings, MT · Accident · 2 fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report · Sep 27, 2021 · N354M · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s improper flare, which led to a hard landing, subsequent loss of control, and collision with trees.
- [NTSB GAA21WA241](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA241.md): Vans RV8 · Hyvinkää, Finland · Accident · Class 5 · Foreign · Sep 27, 2021 · OH-XRV · Substantial damage
- [NTSB DCA22LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA22LA002.md): Boeing 757-224 · Newark, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 27, 2021 · N12125 · Substantial damage
  > The nose high attitude on landing resulted in a tailstrike.
- [NTSB WPR21LA365](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA365.md): Cessna 175A · Salem, OR · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 26, 2021 · N101MB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare in a tailwind, which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent impact with terrain.
- [NTSB ERA22LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA048.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 26, 2021 · N3VM · Substantial damage
  > The collapse of the left main landing gear for reasons that could not be determined.
- [NTSB CEN21LA458](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA458.md): Cessna 182E · Troup, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 26, 2021 · N3293Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during landing with a variable gusting wind and his decision not to perform a go-around that resulted an overrun and impact with a fence and trees.
- [NTSB WPR21LA355](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA355.md): Cirrus Design SR22 · Tucumcari, NM · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 25, 2021 · N216FC · Destroyed
  > The pilot’s improper landing flare which resulted in a hard and bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR21LA356](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA356.md): Kitfox S7 · Hooper, UT · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 23, 2021 · N696CP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s excessive brake pressure which resulted in the airplane nosing over and coming to rest inverted.
- [NTSB DCA22LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA22LA004.md): Airbus A321-271N · Honolulu, HI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 23, 2021 · N208HA · Substantial damage
  > The captain’s improper landing flare, which resulted in an excessive sink rate and subsequent hard landing.
- [NTSB ANC21LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC21LA099.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Cordova, AK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 23, 2021 · N82448 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane after landing in gusty wind conditions.
- [NTSB WPR21LA349](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA349.md): Beech D17S · San Diego / El Cajon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 21, 2021 · N1196V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll with a crosswind, which resulted in a runway excursion and subsequent collision with runway signage.
- [NTSB GAA21WA251](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA251.md): Learjet 35 · Lanseria, South Africa · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Foreign · Sep 20, 2021 · ZS-SFV · Substantial damage
- [NTSB WPR21LA364](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA364.md): Cessna 172 · Auburn, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 19, 2021 · N84068 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s inadequate flare which resulted in a hard and bounced landing.
- [NTSB WPR21LA348](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA348.md): Cessna 172N · Grass Valley, CA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 19, 2021 · N4977G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to attain a proper touchdown point on the runway while landing in gusting wind conditions, which resulted in a runway overrun. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s distraction due to an electrical issue.
- [NTSB ERA21LA370](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA370.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Walnut Cove, NC · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 19, 2021 · N9639D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to attain the proper touchdown point which resulted in a runway overrun, collision with an airport boundary fence, and a nose over event.
- [NTSB WPR21LA350](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA350.md): Cessna 404 · Sheridan, WY · Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report · Sep 18, 2021 · N5409G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot experiencing an episode of impaired behavior and incapacitation for reasons that could not be determined based on the available information.
- [NTSB CEN21LA448](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA448.md): Cessna 305A · Topeka, KS · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 18, 2021 · N140R · Substantial damage
  > The loss of control and ground loop due to the mechanical malfunction of the tailwheel lock.
- [NTSB ANC21LA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC21LA100.md): Cessna 172R · Birchwood, AK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 18, 2021 · N35408 · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor’s inadequate supervision of the student pilot, and student pilot’s improper landing flare, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ANC21LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC21LA092.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Homer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 18, 2021 · N2808P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control while landing in crosswind conditions.
- [NTSB ANC21LA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC21LA091.md): Champion 7GCBC · Nenana, AK · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 18, 2021 · N6357N · Substantial damage
  > The pilots over application of the brakes during landing, which resulted in a nose-over.
- [NTSB CEN21LA453](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA453.md): Beech M35 · Osage Beach, MO · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 17, 2021 · N9835R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot and flight instructor’s failure to ensure that the landing gear were extended prior to landing.
- [NTSB CEN21LA474](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA474.md): Navion Navion H · Burlington, WI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 16, 2021 · N1061Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain aircraft control during landing with a gusting crosswind that resulted in an aerodynamic stall and a hard impact on the runway.
- [NTSB CEN21LA430](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA430.md): Waco Classic 2T-1A-2 · Battle Creek, MI · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 16, 2021 · N53GL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control of the tailwheel equipped airplane during a crosswind landing and the flight instructor’s inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB WPR21LA347](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA347.md): Piper PA-32R-301 · Stanley, ID · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 15, 2021 · N529PE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot’s failure to maintain airplane control during landing with a gusting crosswind which, resulted in a hard landing and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB WPR21LA346](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR21LA346.md): Gordon Scot A RV-6A · Palouse, WA · Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 15, 2021 · N3977G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a bounced landing and subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB CEN21LA433](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA433.md): Cessna 172 · Council Bluffs, IA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 15, 2021 · N767CG · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during a touch and go landing.
- [NTSB GAA21WA230](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA230.md): Bell 206 · Hope Bay, Canada, Canada · Accident · 1 fatal · Class 5 · Foreign · Sep 14, 2021 · C-GIKX
- [NTSB ERA21LA375](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA375.md): American Legend AL3 · Andover Township, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 14, 2021 · N948FS · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's excessive asymmetrical application of the brakes, which resulted in a nose over.
- [NTSB GAA21WA226](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA21WA226.md): Helio HT-295 · Pista Del, Guatemala · Accident · Minor injuries · Class 5 · Foreign · Sep 13, 2021 · N808BD
- [NTSB ERA21LA365](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA365.md): Vans Vans RV-8 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report · Sep 13, 2021 · N798RT · Substantial damage
  > A loss of directional control and subsequent runway excursion resulting as a result of the inadvertent rudder input by the passenger.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?page=49

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?page=48

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