# NTSB investigations, 1992: Landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 11 · 534 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB LAX93LA085](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA085.md): Mooney M20F · So. Lake Tahoe, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1992 · N9511M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft due to gusting cross winds and ice on the runway.
- [NTSB LAX93LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA080.md): Piper PA-28 · Big Bear, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1992 · N129AB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft after touchdown.
- [NTSB LAX93LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA079.md): Piper PA-18-125 · Herald, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1992 · N3872C · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain a proper descent rate and his failure to take timely remedial action to correct a high sink rate prior to colliding with the ground.
- [NTSB DEN93LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA020.md): Beech 58 · Ft Collins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 31, 1992 · N21BW · Substantial damage
  > Failure by the pilot to follow IFR procedures in not executing a missed approach when he arrived at the runway threshold with improper alignment and improper descent rate for landing. A factor was: marginal weather conditions.
- [NTSB LAX93LA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA082.md): Maule MX-7-180 · Oceano, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 1992 · N5653R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's operation of the aircraft with known deficiencies in the brake system.
- [NTSB LAX93LA081](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA081.md): Varga 2150A · Salome, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 1992 · N5068V · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the aircraft. A factor in the accident was the failure of the left brake.
- [NTSB FTW93LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA060.md): Cessna 172P · Little Rock, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 28, 1992 · N64943 · Substantial damage
  > The certified flight instructor's failure to attain the proper touchdown point.
- [NTSB LAX93LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA084.md): Raven S-55A · Peoria, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 1992 · N2815S · No damage
  > The balloon's encounter with a gusty wind shear condition during the final descent for landing at an altitude insufficient for the pilot to take corrective action to prevent a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX93LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA078.md): Cessna 150 · Oakland, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 1992 · N63394 · Substantial damage
  > 1) The pilots failure to compensate for winds during the landing sequence, 2) the improper use of the flight controls by not maintaining directional control of the aircraft,and 3) the pilots failure to maintain an adequate airspeed during the landing phase…
- [NTSB CHI93LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA059.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Lake In The Hls, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 1992 · N4328D · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB SEA93LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA045.md): Croy KR-2M · Gillette, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 25, 1992 · N302DC · Substantial damage
  > Jamming of the nose landing gear door opening mechanism and the pilot in command's excessive descent rate upon touchdown.
- [NTSB ANC93LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC93LA023.md): De Havilland DHC2 · Two Moon Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 24, 1992 · N737KA · Substantial damage
  > An inadvertant landing gear extension and wheels down water landing by the pilot in command. A factor relating to the accident was the lack of checklist use by the pilot.
- [NTSB LAX93LA073](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA073.md): Robinson R-22B · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 23, 1992 · N2338M · Substantial damage
  > A failure of the dual student (second pilot) to properly perform the touch down, and properly assess the terrain at the point of touch down, of an intentional autorotation. Contributing to the accident was a failure of the flight instructor (first pilot) to…
- [NTSB NYC93LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA051.md): Cessna 172 · Andover, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 1992 · N54102 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to abort the landing which resulted in a overrun of the runway. Contributing was the pilot's misjudgement of distance and an improper touchdown point.
- [NTSB MIA93LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA032.md): Hiller UH-12C · New Smyrna Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 1992 · N38767 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper application of cyclic and collective pitch control during an autorotative landing.
- [NTSB NYC93LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA053.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Oxford, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 20, 1992 · N5135L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper level off which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing were wind gusts and the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions.
- [NTSB NYC93LA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA046.md): Cessna 150L · Weedsport, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 19, 1992 · N6524G · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor did not maintain directional control of the airplane during the after landing roll. Factors in this accident were the strong cross winds and the ice patched runway.
- [NTSB MIA93LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA040.md): Cuevas, Orlando S. Quicksilver MXL 2 · Guayama, PR · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 19, 1992 · N4305C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to maintain directional control while making a go around following a bounced landing resulting in a collision with trees.
- [NTSB NYC93LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA049.md): Schweizer 269C · Elmira, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1992 · N6129Q · Substantial damage
  > An unstable touchdown which resulted in a rollover, inadequate supervision by the PIC, and failure of the PIC to take control of the helicopter in a timely manner. A factor related to the accident was the left seat pilot's lack of recent experience in…
- [NTSB MIA93LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA034.md): Beech A36 · Miami, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1992 · N9066S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's inadvertent activation of the landing gear switch while attempting to raise wing flaps during landing rollout, resulting in collapse of the landing gear. Contributing to the accident was the pilot in command's diverted attention to the…
- [NTSB ATL93LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA036.md): Piper PA-22 · Greensboro, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1992 · N8714D · Substantial damage
  > The improper flare by the pilot which resulted in a hard landing and ground loop of the aircraft. A factor in the accident was the crosswind at the time of the landing.
- [NTSB ATL93LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL93LA038.md): Cessna 152 · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 1992 · N65479 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane.
- [NTSB LAX93LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA067.md): Beech 23-C23 · Oceanside, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 1992 · N5163M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point and to initiate a timely go around when the landing over shoot became apparent.
- [NTSB SEA93LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA037.md): Maule M5-180C · Garden Valley, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 1992 · N5652W · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate preflight planning and preparation. Factors include the snow covered runway.
- [NTSB NYC93LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA045.md): Cessna 152 · Quaker Street, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 1992 · N46725 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to determine runway conditions prior to landing which resulted in the airplane being damaged upon touchdown on the snow covered runway.
- [NTSB CHI93LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA051.md): Cessna 172 · La Porte City, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 12, 1992 · N54959 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to properly align the airplane with the runway.
- [NTSB NYC93LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA042.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Cheriton, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1992 · N9102W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improperly planned approach, resulting in a touchdown too FAR down the runway, with excessive airspeed, and the subsequent encounter with soft terrain and nose over.
- [NTSB FTW93LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA049.md): Bellanca 17-30 · Little Rock, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1992 · N6682V · Substantial damage
  > The collapsing of the main landing gear as result of a worn gear locking mechanism. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB NYC93LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA038.md): Helio H-700 · Shelton, CT · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1992 · N50DV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to check the position of the landing gear before attempting a water landing.
- [NTSB NYC93LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93LA037.md): Piper PA-22-108 · Williamson, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1992 · N4946Z · Destroyed
  > The pilot failed to provide adequate compensation for the wind conditions. A factor in this accident was the high gusting winds.
- [NTSB LAX93LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA064.md): Piper PA-32-301T · Auburn, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 5, 1992 · N8339X · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain direction control during the landing touchdown. Contributing to the accident inadequate maintenance of the runway safety area by airport personnel.
- [NTSB CHI93LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA048.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Shell Knob, MO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 5, 1992 · N4152W · Destroyed
  > The pilot's misjudging of the landing flare.
- [NTSB LAX93LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA061.md): Piper PA-28 · Novato, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 4, 1992 · N4338N · Substantial damage
  > Failed to maintain directional control and an inadequate visual lookout. Contributing to this accident were the inoperative runway lights.
- [NTSB MIA93LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA024.md): Cessna 182B · Aberdeen, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 1992 · N2649G · Substantial damage
  > The improper in flight decision of the pilot in command to attempt a long landing, downwind on a short wet sod runway. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the pilot in command to execute a go around when observing the wind and landing conditions.
- [NTSB CHI93LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA044.md): Cessna 150M · Newton, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 1, 1992 · N63294 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of rudder control and subsequent failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB BFO93LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA014.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Caldwell, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 29, 1992 · N15262 · Destroyed
  > Inadequate supervision by the instructor, and his delay in initiating a go around.
- [NTSB FTW93LA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA046.md): Cessna 152 · New Orleans, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 1992 · N4948P · Substantial damage
  > Hard landing due to the pilot's inadequate flare. A factor was the blocked rudder.
- [NTSB FTW93LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA044.md): Piper PA-12-108 · Vilonia, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 28, 1992 · N4405M · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to execute a go-around.
- [NTSB SEA93LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA030.md): Hughes 369HS · Scotts Mills, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 1992 · N9228F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's misjudged descent. Factors include the pilot in command's lack of experience in this type of operation.
- [NTSB CHI93LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA040.md): Cessna 401B · Rice Lake, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 1992 · N7989Q · Substantial damage
  > Improper rigging of the right main landing gear retract bellcrank by other maintenance personnel.
- [NTSB BFO93LA011](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA011.md): Cessna 150A · West Milford, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1992 · N7247X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged his altitude and distance and overshot the runway during landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's unfamiliarity with this airport.
- [NTSB MIA93LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA023.md): Cessna 182 · Macon, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1992 · N42016 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to stabilize his approach to landing, resulting in the aircraft making a hard landing halfway down the runway.
- [NTSB BFO93LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA012.md): Learjet 25B · Cleveland, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1992 · N893WA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged distance and altitude which resulted in a landing touchdown with insufficient runway length remaining and a subsequent landing overrun. Contributing was the pilot's failure to initiate a go around, a tailwind, and a downsloping runway.
- [NTSB SEA93LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA93LA027.md): Swearingen SA-226TC · Billings, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1992 · N139PA · Substantial damage
  > Failure of a gear door roller, which necessitated a gear up landing. Factors include inadequate lubrication.
- [NTSB LAX93LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA049.md): Mooney M20J · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1992 · N4766H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, his improper bounced landing recovery technique, and his inadvertent entry into a stall mush condition.
- [NTSB MIA93LA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA020.md): Cessna 152 · Tallahassee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 1992 · N95825 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's improper flare on landing which resulted in an in flight loss of control and collision with terrain.
- [NTSB FTW93LA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW93LA040.md): Beech B100 · Uvalde, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 19, 1992 · N3GS · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to go around. A factor was his resultant long landing and delayed flare.
- [NTSB MIA93LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA019.md): Cessna 172RG · Key Largo, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1992 · N5190V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command's failure to obtain the proper touchdown point on landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot in command's improper preflight planning preparation and selection of the wrong runway relative to the wind.
- [NTSB LAX93LA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA060.md): Cessna 180 · Clarksburg, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1992 · N9284C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of the ailerons.
- [NTSB BFO93LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA013.md): Cessna 152 · Danville, KY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 1992 · N4840H · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate flare. A factor was the gusty wind.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases.md?year=1992&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
  crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
  current_codes AS (
    SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
      row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
    WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
      AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
  ),
  phases AS (
    SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
    FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
    FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
    WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
  ),
  case_phases AS (
    SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
    FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
    LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
    WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
  )
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1992
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550/cases?year=1992

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