# NTSB investigations: Lycoming IO-360-L2A: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

## Latest cases

- [NTSB SEA07CA207](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA07CA207.md): Cessna 172S · Pahokee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 18, 2007 · N907JW · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare during the landing which resulted in a hard landing. The student pilot's failure to relinquish control of the aircraft, the flight instructors inadequate supervision and not being able to recover control of the aircraft from…
- [NTSB ATL07CA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL07CA105.md): Cessna 172S · Beverly, MA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 15, 2007 · N13151 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and nose gear collapse. A contributing factor was the wind gust.
- [NTSB LAX07CA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX07CA202.md): Cessna 172S · Spanish Fork, UT · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 3, 2007 · N619TH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare resulting in a porpoise and hard touchdown.
- [NTSB ATL07CA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL07CA093.md): Cessna 172S · Batavia, NY · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 15, 2007 · N2228L · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to flare the airplane during landing resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC07CA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC07CA131.md): Cessna 172S · Raleigh-Durham, NC · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 2, 2007 · N2298W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC07CA116](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC07CA116.md): Cessna 172S · Asheville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 9, 2007 · N924LP · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing. A factor in the accident was the visual illusion experienced by the pilot from landing on a long, wide runway.
- [NTSB LAX07CA171](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX07CA171.md): Cessna 172S · Payson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 7, 2007 · N533ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision, excessive airspeed on final approach, and failure to execute a go-around resulting in a misjudged flare and hard landing.
- [NTSB SEA07CA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA07CA120.md): Cessna 172R · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 1, 2007 · N28BC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare during landing.
- [NTSB MIA07CA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA07CA019.md): Cessna 172S · New Smyrna, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 19, 2006 · N53095 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA07CA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA07CA008.md): Cessna 172S · Ormond Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 21, 2006 · N401ER · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the student pilot to initiate a recovery from the bounced landing resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ATL06CA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL06CA068.md): Cessna 172S · Gainsville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 16, 2006 · N21527 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ATL06CA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL06CA062.md): Cessna C-172S · Sanford, NC · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 10, 2006 · N72675 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB ANC06CA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC06CA036.md): Cessna 172S · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Mar 24, 2006 · N514ER · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in structural damage to the firewall and fuselage.
- [NTSB MIA05CA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA05CA121.md): Cessna 172SP · Clearwater, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 2, 2005 · N66113 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI05CA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI05CA035.md): Cessna 172S · Anderson, IN · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 21, 2004 · N967SA · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and his inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX05CA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX05CA028.md): Cessna 172S · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 5, 2004 · N20519 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing factors were his improper recovery from the subsequent bounced landing and pilot-induced oscillations.
- [NTSB ATL05CA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL05CA015.md): Cessna 172SP · West Columbia, SC · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 20, 2004 · N37CJ · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare, inadequate recovery from a bounced landing and failure to maintain directional control during rollout. A factor was the runway sign.
- [NTSB DEN04CA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN04CA137.md): Cessna 172S · Erie, CO · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 29, 2004 · N2099J · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control resulting in a hard landing. Factors contributing to the accident were the pilot induced oscillation and the high approach airspeed.
- [NTSB LAX04CA290](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX04CA290.md): Cessna 172S · Honolulu, HI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 13, 2004 · N3554Y · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's misjudged flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Also causal was the student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and pilot induced porpoise and failure to maintain directional control on the landing roll, which resulted in…
- [NTSB NYC04CA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC04CA164.md): Cessna 172S · Stevensville, MD · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 30, 2004 · N421RW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare during touch down, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB FTW04CA163](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW04CA163.md): Cessna 172 · McKinney, TX · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 16, 2004 · N2101M · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA04CA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA04CA028.md): Cessna 172S · Orlando, FL · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Nov 21, 2003 · N378FA · Substantial damage
  > The student pilots improper landing flare and his improper recovery from a bounced landing resulting in a hard landing and damage to the airplane.
- [NTSB LAX03LA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX03LA170.md): Cessna 172S · Kapolei, HI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 29, 2003 · N5329L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare, and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in the collapse of the nose landing gear and structural damage to the airplane.
- [NTSB LAX01LA267](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA267.md): Cessna 172S · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 2001 · N3532T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare, which lead to a hard landing, inadvertent porpoise, and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT x.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' x WHERE x.engine_model_code IN ('41597')
    AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o.case_mkey = x.case_mkey AND o.aircrafts_position = x.position AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200))
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?engine=41597&occurrence=200

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OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.