# NTSB investigations: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 16 of 62 · 3,083 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB LAX01LA203](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA203.md): Mooney M20J · Jackson, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 9, 2001 · N4235H · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain proper airspeed for landing and airplane control with an existing crosswind. A contributing factor was the distraction of the pilot by a yelling passenger.
- [NTSB LAX01LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA202.md): Beech 76 · Prescott, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 2001 · N6046U · Substantial damage
  > The certified flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the student who failed to maintain adequate airspeed on approach, resulting in a stall/mush, and delayed remedial action when the flight instructor ordered a go-around.
- [NTSB FTW01LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA135.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Amarillo, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 2001 · N2495C · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the crosswind, which resulted in a hard landing. A contributing factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB ATL01LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA086.md): Cessna R172-K · Culebras Island, PR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 2001 · N1278V · Substantial damage
  > Pilots improper flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB DEN01LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA104.md): Maule M-5-235C · West Jordan, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 2001 · N9181E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot inadvertently flaring the airplane too high above the ground, resulting in a hard landing that sheared a bolt in the tail wheel assembly. This rendered directional control impossible and induced an uncontrolled ground loop. A contributing factor was…
- [NTSB CHI01LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA316.md): Cessna 172R · Alton, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 2001 · N9532K · Substantial damage
  > The misjudged flare by the pilot.
- [NTSB DEN01LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA099.md): Aerostar RX-8 · Sterling, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 15, 2001 · N4031A · Minor damage
  > failure by the pilot to control descent rate during approach to land. A factor was a temperature inversion.
- [NTSB IAD01LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA055.md): Cessna 152 · Easton, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 10, 2001 · N135GB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare. A factor was the crosswind.
- [NTSB LAX01LA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA167.md): Cessna 152 · Hayward, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 7, 2001 · N757XS · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper use of the elevator control.
- [NTSB SEA01LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA086.md): Cessna U206 · Yamhill, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 6, 2001 · N29147 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to adequately compensate for gusty tailwind conditions, resulting in an excessive rate of descent at touchdown. Factors include gusty tailwinds during the landing sequence.
- [NTSB LAX01LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA174.md): Schweizer SGS 1-34 · Adelanto, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 5, 2001 · N7605 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's stall/mush as a result of his inadequate airspeed and improperly planned final approach.
- [NTSB LAX01LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA164.md): Cessna T210N · Truckee, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 4, 2001 · N6425N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain the proper descent and his failure to maintain directioinal control during landing.
- [NTSB ATL01LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA050.md): Cessna 182P · Lake Wales, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 2, 2001 · N1491S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper use of flight controls during a bounced landing, and subsequent collision with the ground. A factor of the collision is the rough and uneven terrain.
- [NTSB IAD01TA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01TA051.md): Hughes 369D · Taylorsville, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Apr 29, 2001 · N50AP · Substantial damage
  > the flight instructor's inadequate aircraft control during a practice autorotation which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX01LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA151.md): Cessna 152 · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 2001 · N5377M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's premature flare, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and a bounced landing. A factor was the improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB IAD01LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA042.md): Cessna 172R · Lawrence, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 2001 · N2462T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare.
- [NTSB LAX01LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA137.md): Cessna 172S · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 2001 · N669SP · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate compensation for the exisiting crosswind and his improper landing flare that resulted in a hard landing, and loss of directional control during the landing roll.
- [NTSB LAX01FA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01FA127.md): Agusta A109A · Hanapepe, Kauai, HI · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 2001 · N293G · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged flare during an autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing. A contributing factor was the check airman's failure to demonstrate a stuck pedal maneuver prior to assigning the procedure to the pilot.
- [NTSB LAX01LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA125.md): Robinson R22B · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 21, 2001 · N8492A · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the CFI to adequately monitor the flight, which resulted in a low airspeed autorotation and hard landing.
- [NTSB FTW01LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW01LA070.md): Bartels Rans S-7 · Lafayette, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 25, 2001 · N777SB · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB MIA01LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA078.md): Learjet 35A · Punta Gorda, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 14, 2001 · N394JP · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare resulting in a hard landing, and impact with the runway. A factor in the accident was reduced visibility because of ground fog.
- [NTSB ATL01LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA035.md): Michael E. Nourse RV-6A · Immokalee, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 12, 2001 · N6279E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, and his evaluation of the gusty wind conditions resulted in the collision with the terrain.
- [NTSB ANC01LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC01LA034.md): Douglas DC-6B · Crooked Creek, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 31, 2001 · N4390F · Substantial damage
  > The flight crew's misjudged flare while landing. Factors associated with the accident were flat light conditions, snow-covered terrain, and an uphill runway grade.
- [NTSB SEA01LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA01LA044.md): Bell 206B · McMinnville, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 15, 2001 · N58WW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to apply adequate power during a practice autorotation. A factor contributing to the accident was a rough/uneven area on the asphalt landing surface.
- [NTSB LAX01LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA076.md): Purvis/Thorpe T-18 · Chiriaco Summit, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 2001 · N39JP · Substantial damage
  > The dual student's improper recovery from a bounced landing, his failure to maintain directional control during the go-around, and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the go-around attempt.
- [NTSB LAX01LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA069.md): Cessna 152 · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 5, 2001 · N6165M · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate compensation for a tailwind during final approach and her improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA01LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA049.md): Robinson R-22 Beta · Ciales, PR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 26, 2000 · N195HC · Substantial damage
  > the flight crew's failure to follow procedures for a straight-in autorotation with power recovery that resulted in their improper use of collective resulting in a hard landing and substantial damage to the helicopter.
- [NTSB DEN01LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA032.md): Mitsubishi MU-2B-60 · Aspen, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 2000 · N130MS · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing which exceeded the design stress limits of the aircraft.
- [NTSB LAX01LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA058.md): Robinson R22 Beta · North Las Vegas, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 14, 2000 · N7189K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate supervision of the second pilot and delay taking control of the aircraft and implementing remedial action. A factor in the accident was the second pilot's interference with the pilot-in-command's operation of the collective…
- [NTSB DEN01LA031](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA031.md): Cessna R182 · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 2000 · N2386C · Destroyed
  > the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the dual student, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing factors were the dual student flaring the airplane prematurely, resulting in an inadvertent stall/mush.
- [NTSB NYC01LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA055.md): Cessna 172M · Mount Sterling, KY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 9, 2000 · N80854 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX01LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA053.md): Hughes 269C · Carlsbad, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 4, 2000 · N1097N · Substantial damage
  > The CFI's inadequate supervision and failure to maintain control of the helicopter during a practice autorotation. A contributing factor was the student's improper in-flight planning/decision.
- [NTSB NYC01LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA049.md): Cessna 182J · College Park, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 30, 2000 · N182RM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate flare, which resulted in a hard landing. A factor related to the accident was the downdraft wind conditions.
- [NTSB LAX01LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA048.md): Cessna 172N · Marana, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 30, 2000 · N8173E · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor in the accident was the morning sun, which momentarily restricted the pilot's vision.
- [NTSB ATL01LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL01LA018.md): Cessna 172 · Mobile, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 30, 2000 · N8507B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare during landing that resulted in a hard landing and the subsequent overload failure of the nose gear assembly.
- [NTSB NYC01LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA041.md): Cessna 182Q · Blacksburg, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 2000 · N735TF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare while landing.
- [NTSB DEN01LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA015.md): Murdock RAF 2000 GTX · Ogden, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 18, 2000 · N6382T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper touchdown which resulted in a hard landing. Factors were lack of familiarity with the aircraft and lack of total experience.
- [NTSB LAX01LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA042.md): Eurocopter AS 350B-3 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 15, 2000 · N972AE · Substantial damage
  > The dual student's misjudged landing flare and level off, which resulted in a heel first touchdown and subsequent hard landing during a practice autorotation. Also causal was the instructor pilot's inadequate supervision of the student.
- [NTSB NYC01LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA035.md): Robinson R-22B · Babylon, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 13, 2000 · N25862 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate use of the collective, and the instructor pilot's inadequate remedial action.
- [NTSB LAX01LA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA037.md): Cessna 182P · Tucson, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 2000 · N9187G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper recovery from the bounced landing resulting in the overload failure of the nose gear and the airplane nosing over.
- [NTSB LAX01LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA028.md): Cessna 152 · Ramona, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 2000 · N5447L · Substantial damage
  > The dual student's habit interference, from his previous training in a different type of airplane, that precipitated his improper use of the elevator control during a go-around.
- [NTSB MIA01LA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA01LA014.md): Craig R. Merrill Luton Beta · Ridgeland, SC · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 21, 2000 · N545CM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed on final approach resulting in the aircraft settling fast, touching down hard, and colliding with an embankment on the side of the runway, where it came to rest inverted.
- [NTSB CHI01LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA028.md): Piper PT-46 · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 20, 2000 · N1RQ · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudging the landing flare, and his failure to recover from the bounced landing.
- [NTSB IAD01LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD01LA004.md): Yakovlev 52 · Berryville, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 15, 2000 · N21CY · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and separation of the nose landing gear.
- [NTSB NYC01LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA017.md): Cessna 172 · Poughkeepsie, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 2000 · N1297F · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX01LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA015.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 2000 · N4826Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions while on short final landing approach. A factor was the unfavorable wind condition.
- [NTSB DEN01LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA023.md): Cessna 310N · Montrose, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 2000 · N111KC · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate airspeed on final approach which resulted in a hard landing. A contributing factor was wind shear.
- [NTSB NYC01LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC01LA008.md): Beech BE-23-B24R · Fork Union, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 2000 · N68HW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate flare which resulted in a hard landing. A factor related to the accident was the uneven landing area condition.
- [NTSB LAX01LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA005.md): Galaxy Balloons Galaxy 7 · Inyokern, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 2000 · N52233 · Minor damage
  > The pilot's hard landing during a high wind condition.
- [NTSB LAX01LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01LA008.md): Cessna 172H · Hilo, HI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 2000 · N3715R · Substantial damage
  > An inadvertent pilot-induced porpoise resulting from the pilot's improper landing flare and inadequate power management.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=17

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=16

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