# NTSB investigations: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 19 of 62 · 3,083 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB FTW99LA264](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA264.md): Cessna 152 · La Porte, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 1999 · N5093Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's hard landing as result of his improper landing flare and his improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors were the prevailing dark night conditions and the student pilot's lack of total experience in night operations.
- [NTSB LAX99TA308](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99TA308.md): Cessna A185F · Daggett, CA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Sep 15, 1999 · N9497N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to recognize an excessive rate of descent and his subsequent delayed flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA227](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA227.md): Cessna 152 · Sanford, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1999 · N5337L · Substantial damage
  > Improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA99IA249](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99IA249.md): Douglas DC-9-31 · Nashville, TN · Incident · Minor injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1999 · N993Z · Minor damage
  > A preexisting crack on the left main landing gear outer cylinder housing and the first officer's failure to maintain the proper rate of descent resulting in a hard landing on touchdown, and subsequent total failure and separation of the left main landing gear…
- [NTSB LAX99LA300](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA300.md): Robinson R-22-BETA · Piute, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1999 · N4076Z · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain rotor rpm while practicing autorotations, resulting in a hard landing and roll over.
- [NTSB ANC99LA148](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA148.md): Champion 7GCBC · Sleetmute, AK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1999 · N9018L · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor in this accident was the rough and uneven gravel bar.
- [NTSB SEA99LA156](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA156.md): Cessna 182M · Sandpoint, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1999 · N71685 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare. Factors include a runway that sloped uphill, and the pilot's failure to familiarize himself with the destination airstrip prior to departure.
- [NTSB IAD99LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA064.md): Piper PA-34-220T · Nantucket, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1999 · N6915Z · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in a hard landing and the fracture and collapse of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB CHI99LA354](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA354.md): Cessna 150L · Midland, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1999 · N1316Q · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during an attempted go-around.
- [NTSB NYC99LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA217.md): Hughes 269C · Utica, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1999 · N58397 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the helicopter while maneuvering, which resulted in a hard landing. A factor in this accident was the pilot's lack of total experience in helicopters.
- [NTSB MIA99LA239](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA239.md): Cessna 172N · Olive Branch, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N4521E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in the nose gear impacting the runway, and a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA286](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA286.md): Cessna 177 · Carson City, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N3327T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's use of an excessive approach reference airspeed, his misjudged landing flare, and subsequent hard landing/porpoise. A contributing factor was the airplane's excessive approach airspeed.
- [NTSB ANC99LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA125.md): Learjet 35 · Glennallen, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1999 · N90WR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's delay in applying remedial action. A factor associated with the accident was the second-in-command's failure to maintain proper airspeed during final approach.
- [NTSB FTW99LA234](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA234.md): Hughes 269B · Russellville, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N44KH · Substantial damage
  > The improper touchdown by the flight instructor.
- [NTSB ANC99LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99LA135.md): Piper PA-14 · Fairbanks, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1999 · N5402H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent stall during the landing flare.
- [NTSB CHI99LA304](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA304.md): Cessna 152 · Omaha, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1999 · N869NE · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper use of elevator control during the landing roll.
- [NTSB MIA99LA225](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA225.md): Cessna 152 · Ocala, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1999 · N5416M · Substantial damage
  > A misjudged flare and the failure of the student pilot to use the proper recovery technique for a bounced landing, allowing the airplane to commence a porpoise, and the eventual collapse of the nose landing gear.
- [NTSB DEN99LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA150.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Tooele, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1999 · N8262S · Substantial damage
  > An inadequate flare during landing touchdown, resulting in a fracture of the right main landing gear strut. A factor was the flight instructor's failure to properly supervise the student.
- [NTSB DEN99LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA143.md): Moore Q-200 · Cortez, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 11, 1999 · N321TM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and his failure to maintain directional control. Related factors were the soft wet terrain.
- [NTSB NYC99LA195](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA195.md): Piper PA-34-200T · Chatham, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1999 · N31743 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA228](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA228.md): Piper PA-601P · West Dover, VT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1999 · N9756Q · Substantial damage
  > was the diverted attention of the pilot, which resulted in his failure to maintain airspeed, and his failure to lower the landing gear prior to landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA265](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA265.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Coalinga, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1999 · N6814W · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain a sufficient airspeed to compensate for the known wind shear condition, which resulted in a failure to maintain runway alignment and a hard landing. The flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight was…
- [NTSB NYC99LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA190.md): Robinson R-22A · Shirley, NY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 5, 1999 · N8561K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain rotor RPM, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB DEN00LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN00LA109.md): Beech A23-24 · Wheatland, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 4, 1999 · N4789J · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain control of the aircraft. Factors were inadequate supervision of the student by the flight instructor and inaccurate judgment by the flight instructor in not having the aircraft examined following the event.
- [NTSB NYC99LA188](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA188.md): Cessna 172R · Cheswold, DE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 1, 1999 · N2746C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA99LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA202.md): Beech C23 · Seneca, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1999 · N63TW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare, landed hard, bounced, departed the runway, which resulted in an impact with a ditch and embankment. A factor in this accident was the improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA338](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA338.md): Cessna 182R · Fargo, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1999 · N9799E · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the landing flare which resulted in the airplane porpoising during the landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA251](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA251.md): Cessna 180 · Frankfort, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1999 · N9330C · Substantial damage
  > the inadequate flare and the go-around not performed by the pilot.
- [NTSB FTW99LA203](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA203.md): Beech C23 · Tulsa, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1999 · N6712W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain the proper descent rate, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA244](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA244.md): Cessna 182N · Green Bay, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1999 · N92215 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delayed flare and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB IAD99LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA053.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Zanesville, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1999 · N235TL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot not maintaining a proper descent rate and an inadequate flare.
- [NTSB FTW99LA193](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA193.md): Cessna 150M · Beaumont, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1999 · N150WM · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's excessive rate of descent resulting in the hard landing and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI99LA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA242.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Bristol, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1999 · N2980H · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to perform a proper recovery from the bounced landing, resulting in the airplane's nose gear striking the runway. A factor relating to the accident was the excessive airspeed maintained during the landing.
- [NTSB SEA99LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA124.md): Navion B · Stanley, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1999 · N5304K · Substantial damage
  > An improperly planned approach and gusting wind conditions. A tailwind was a factor.
- [NTSB ATL99LA110](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA110.md): Cessna 172N · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1999 · N734YU · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA177](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA177.md): Airbus Industrie A-300-600ER · Jamaica, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1999 · N80057 · Substantial damage
  > improper use of the flight controls by the captain trainee, and inadequate supervision by the check airman.
- [NTSB FTW99TA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99TA190.md): Hughes 269C · Houston, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jul 15, 1999 · N7491F · Substantial damage
  > The hard landing as a result of the flight instructor's failure to attain the proper airspeed before simulating an engine failure, which resulted in the development of a high sink rate. Factors were the night illumination and the soft ground.
- [NTSB CHI99TA232](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99TA232.md): Hughes OH-6A · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 13, 1999 · N911EP · Substantial damage
  > the pilot-in-command's improper autorotational landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA250](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA250.md): Cessna 172M · Fresno, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 10, 1999 · N73113 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare and inadequate recovery procedures from the subsequent bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC99LA168](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA168.md): Cessna 152 · Stow, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 7, 1999 · N95435 · Substantial damage
  > Was the failure of the flight instructor to recognize the high sink rate and apply corrective action in a timely manner.
- [NTSB LAX99LA232](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA232.md): Schweizer SGS-2-33A · Wailua, HI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 28, 1999 · N17902 · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to adequately compensate for the existing gusty wind conditions and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX99LA239](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA239.md): Cessna 150K · Hesperia, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 26, 1999 · N6171G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare point and failure to maintain an adequate airspeed margin, resulting in a stall and hard landing.
- [NTSB DEN99LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA108.md): Beech B90 · Creede, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 25, 1999 · N221NC · Substantial damage
  > Overload failure of the right main landing gear scissors torque link precipitated by preexisting fatigue fractures. A factor was wind shear.
- [NTSB SEA99LA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA092.md): Hughes 369D · Shelton, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 22, 1999 · N1089Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain rotor RPM during an autorotation.
- [NTSB SEA99LA094](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA094.md): Cessna 182 · Redmond, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 21, 1999 · N91816 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare.
- [NTSB DEN99LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA106.md): Cessna 172N · Platteville, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 18, 1999 · N5266J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging the flare altitude, resulting in a hard landing, and his subsequent loss of aircraft control. A factor was overload forces collapsing the nose landing gear assembly.
- [NTSB LAX99LA224](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA224.md): Cessna 180K · Santa Monica, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 17, 1999 · N181RC · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare which resulted in a hard landing and the subsequent porpoising of the airplane; and his failure to maintain directional control that resulted in a ground loop and substantial damage to the airplane.
- [NTSB SEA99LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA084.md): Cessna 172P · Easton, WA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 14, 1999 · N62800 · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's delayed remedial action. Factors include the student allowing the aircraft to climb too steeply at too low an airspeed, and the soft/rough terrain on which the aborted takeoff took place.
- [NTSB NYC99LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA142.md): Morrow RV-6 · Bradford, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 12, 1999 · N173AB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing, and subsequent collapse of the nose gear.
- [NTSB FTW99LA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA167.md): Cessna 172D · Jonesboro, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 12, 1999 · N2460Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning and preparation, and her delayed aborted takeoff. Factors were the high density altitude and the tall grass on the airstrip.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=20

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=19

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