# NTSB investigations: Hard landing NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports. Page 25 of 62 · 3,083 cases ## Cases, newest first - [NTSB LAX97LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA132.md): Beech 100 · San Carlos, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1997 · N60TJ · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing; his improper adjustment of the landing gear warning horn squat switch(es); and his decision to attempt flight with known equipment deficiencies. - [NTSB CHI97LA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA128.md): Rochette Rans S-12 XL · Hays, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1997 · N102EY · Substantial damage > the pilot improperly flared the airplane and the pilot's lack of experience in the type of airplane. - [NTSB FTW97LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA138.md): Cessna 172K · Telluride, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 25, 1997 · N686JF · Substantial damage > The pilot's misjudged landing flare and his improper bounced landing recovery technique. A factor was the snow bank. - [NTSB CHI97LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA090.md): Curtiss-Wright P-40E · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 25, 1997 · N7205A · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare during landing. - [NTSB CHI97IA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97IA096.md): Boeing 747-269B · Manaus, Brazil · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1997 · N707CK · Minor damage > the pilot-in-command's (non-flying pilot) improper flare. Related factors were inadequate crew/coordination, haze and sunglare. - [NTSB ATL97LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA058.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Southern Pines, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1997 · N9221T · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper landing flare and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the training flight, which led to a hard landing. - [NTSB LAX97LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA140.md): Hoffman, Wolf, Flugzeugbau Super Dimona HK 36R · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 18, 1997 · N351HK · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to maintain an adequate glide path. - [NTSB ANC97LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC97LA034.md): Piper PA-16 · Iliamna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 13, 1997 · N5326H · Substantial damage > failure of the pilot to maintain adequate airspeed during the flare, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB CHI97LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA079.md): Bellanca 17-30A · Monroe, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 1997 · N8782V · Substantial damage > the pilot failed to maintain directional control of the aircraft during landing. Factors included the inadequate compensation for the crosswind conditions, the crosswind, and gusts. - [NTSB LAX97LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA111.md): Piper PA-28-236 · Palo Alto, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 24, 1997 · N4341M · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a porpoise and subsequent overload failure of the nose gear. - [NTSB DCA97LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA97LA027.md): Airbus Industrie A-300-600R · St John Antigua, Antigua & Barbuda · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1997 · N41063 · Substantial damage > The captain failed to establish and maintain a stabilized approach (or perform a go-around), and applied excessive pitch rotation during the subsequent recovery from a bounced landing, resulting in a tail strike. A factor contributing to the accident was the… - [NTSB LAX97FA091](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97FA091.md): McDonnell Douglas MD600N · Flagstaff, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 1997 · N9202L · Destroyed > failure of the manufacturer to follow its directive to develop corrective measures in response to known accident data, and their failure to ensure that pertinent information (in engineering department) was communicated to the test pilot and flight test… - [NTSB NYC97LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA042.md): Cessna 152 · Marlboro, NJ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 1997 · N48693 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing and collapse of the nose gear. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's failure to perform a go-around. - [NTSB NYC97LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA041.md): Bell 206A · Linden, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 3, 1997 · N555SJ · Substantial damage > the pilot allowing the rotor RPM to decay and his failure to take remedial action in time to recover the autorotation. - [NTSB ATL97LA032](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA032.md): Cessna 172N · Anderson, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 2, 1997 · N1445E · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's improper level off. - [NTSB FTW97LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA069.md): Aerostar RX-8 · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 1996 · N6310T · Minor damage > The pilot's inadvertent flight into high wind. - [NTSB LAX97LA074](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA074.md): Cessna 152 · Phoenix, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 1996 · N96049 · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise and subsequent overload failure of the nose gear. - [NTSB FTW97LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA068.md): Raven S-60A · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 21, 1996 · N4396K · No damage > The passenger's failure to follow recommended procedures to properly brace for a high wind landing. A factor was the windshear. - [NTSB SEA97LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA054.md): Cessna 182M · Vancouver, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1996 · N42694 · Substantial damage > The pilot-in-command's touchdown with an excessive rate of descent. Factors included gusty crossiwnds. - [NTSB CHI97LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA044.md): Cessna 150 · Jeffersonville, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1996 · N66211 · Substantial damage > the pilot's misjudgment of the landing flare and inadequate airspeed, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB LAX97LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA053.md): Cessna 172P · Van Nuys, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 25, 1996 · N54686 · Substantial damage > improper flare by the pilot during the landing, and his improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing, dragged wing tip, and a collapsed main gear. - [NTSB MIA97LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA030.md): Cessna 172N · Olive Branch, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 24, 1996 · N739ZA · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a ballooned/bounced landing. The gusty wind was a related factor. - [NTSB LAX97FA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97FA050.md): Mooney M20J · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1996 · N5766K · Destroyed > the pilot misjudged the landing flare and failed to maintain directional control after a hard bounced landing. - [NTSB LAX97LA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA048.md): Cessna 172P · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 20, 1996 · N26FR · Substantial damage > the pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery technique, which led to an inadvertent porpoise. - [NTSB CHI97LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA026.md): Cessna 172P · Waukegan, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 12, 1996 · N55161 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's misjudging the flare. - [NTSB MIA97LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA97LA042.md): Siai-Marchetti F206C · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N61FD · Substantial damage > the pilot misjudged the flare resulting in a hard landing. - [NTSB ATL97LA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA008.md): Cessna 152 · Macon, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1996 · N757CU · Substantial damage > premature flare by the dual student, and his improper remedial action to correct the flare; and inadequate supervision by the flight instructor (CFI). - [NTSB ATL97LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL97LA017.md): Waco YMF5 · Punta Gorda, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1996 · N723SR · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare during touchdown. - [NTSB FTW97LA024](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW97LA024.md): Cessna 152 · Clinton, AR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1996 · N5463L · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to obtain or maintain sufficient airspeed during the aborted landing, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and collision with the terrain. - [NTSB NYC97LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA002.md): Cessna 172H · Chatham, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1996 · N3707R · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's lack of experience in the make and model of airplane. - [NTSB CHI96LA356](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA356.md): Piper PA-28R-201 · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 30, 1996 · N6008H · Substantial damage > improper flare by the dual student during the landing, and delayed remedial action by the flight instructor (CFI). - [NTSB LAX96FA344](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96FA344.md): Thunder and Colt Colt 240A · Phoenix, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 27, 1996 · N434TC · Minor damage > The pilot's impairment of judgment and performance due to drugs which led to his misjudgment of his descent rate during landing. Contributing factors were: his failure to activate the deflation device (rip line) and turn off the pilot lights, improper use of… - [NTSB CHI96LA341](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA341.md): Cessna 152 · Lakeville, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1996 · N757PC · Substantial damage > the student pilot misjudged the landing flare which resulted in the hard landing. - [NTSB FTW96LA376](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA376.md): Cessna 150M · Boulder, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1996 · N704QR · Substantial damage > an improper flare by the student pilot, and his improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the student pilot's lack of experience in the type (model) of aircraft. - [NTSB MIA96LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA222.md): Cessna 152 · Stuart, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1996 · N93102 · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, resulting in a loss of directional control, collapse of the nose gear, and subsequent nose down on the runway. - [NTSB CHI96LA326](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA326.md): Cessna 172 · Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1996 · N65785 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's lack of experience (or lack of training) in recovery from bounced landings. - [NTSB NYC96LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA180.md): Beech 19 · Augusta, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1996 · N2009A · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in at hard landing. - [NTSB FTW96LA375](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA375.md): Hughes 269B · Frisco, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 1, 1996 · N9558F · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper touchdown procedure. - [NTSB LAX96LA326](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA326.md): Bell 47-G5 · Riverside, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1996 · N57RA · Substantial damage > The pilot's inaccurate perception of altitude which resulted in an improper flare and subsequent hard landing, and non use of the landing light. - [NTSB LAX96LA324](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA324.md): Cessna 172N · Auburn, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 29, 1996 · N9315E · Substantial damage > the pilot's misjudged landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery. A contributing factor was his lack of recent flying experience. - [NTSB SEA96LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA202.md): Piper J3C-65 · Mapleton, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N7127P · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB MIA96LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA217.md): Piper J3 · Aiken, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N2CE · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing; and his loss of directional control, which was followed by impact with trees. - [NTSB FTW96LA362](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA362.md): Cessna 172H · Durango, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N3782F · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flaring of the airplane at too high an altitude, resulting in a hard landing. - [NTSB ATL96LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL96LA124.md): Cessna 152 · Waycross, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1996 · N4982A · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB SEA96LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA205.md): Bell 206B · Greybull, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1996 · N206FT · Substantial damage > the pilot's misjudged recovery (remedial action) from a simulated autorotation demonstration. - [NTSB CHI96LA315](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA315.md): Beech C-23 · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1996 · N18780 · Substantial damage > the instructor pilot delayed the remedial action and failed to maintain adequate supervision. The slow airspeed maintained by the student pilot was a factor. - [NTSB FTW96LA347](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA347.md): Cessna 150H · Fort Collins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1996 · N6935S · Substantial damage > improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in a hard landing, and subsequent overload failure of the nosewheel axle and nose gear. - [NTSB MIA96LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA213.md): Cessna 152 · Lantana, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1996 · N89405 · Substantial damage > the pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in a hard landing, and the nose gear collapsing. - [NTSB NYC96LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA164.md): Cessna 152 · Worcester, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1996 · N5431Q · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to maintain control of the airplane, which resulted in a nose over. His improper flare was a related factor. - [NTSB CHI96LA283](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA283.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Rensselaer, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1996 · N44245 · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=26 ## The whole list in SQL Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS: ```sql SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1 WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200) ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC ``` This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=25 --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.