# NTSB investigations: Hard landing NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports. Page 26 of 62 · 3,083 cases ## Cases, newest first - [NTSB CHI96LA275](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA275.md): Beech V35B · Walker, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1996 · N823T · Substantial damage > failure of the pilot to properly flare the airplane for landing, and her improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB ANC96LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA114.md): Cessna 185 · Wainwright, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1996 · N20752 · Substantial damage > The pilot's excessive application of the brakes during the landing roll. - [NTSB SEA96LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA174.md): Cessna 182B · Metaline Falls, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1996 · N2793G · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. The inadvertent porpoise was a related factor. - [NTSB MIA96LA196](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA196.md): Cessna 150M · Knightdale, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1996 · N704WM · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing by applying power and slight nose up elevator input. - [NTSB IAD96LA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA119.md): Cessna 172M · Tremont City, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 19, 1996 · N9731V · Substantial damage > the student pilot's misjudged flare which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB NYC96LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA153.md): Kolb Mark III · Gowanda, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1996 · N695WM · Minor damage > failure of the pilot to properly flare the airplane during the landing. - [NTSB MIA96LA184](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA184.md): Cessna 172M · Orlando, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1996 · N6600H · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper level off during landing. - [NTSB FTW96LA308](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA308.md): Dearinger Duce · Corning, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1996 · N85JD · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to arrest his rate of descent and his improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB SEA96LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA150.md): Cessna 150 · Puyallup, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1996 · N8310J · Substantial damage > improper flare by the pilot during a touch-and-go landing. - [NTSB FTW96LA303](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA303.md): Raven Ralley RX7 · Gunnison, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1996 · N4014K · Substantial damage > the pilot's inadequate weather evaluation. A factor was the high wind. - [NTSB NYC96LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA138.md): Lake LA-4-200 · Wolfeboro, NH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 2, 1996 · N51DG · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and nose over. The glassy water condition was a related factor. - [NTSB SEA96LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA139.md): Agusta A109 · Newport, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 1, 1996 · N808GM · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to adequately compensate for the gusty wind condition during the landing. The gusty wind was a related factor. - [NTSB NYC96LA133](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA133.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Bridgeport, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 29, 1996 · N8119H · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB LAX96LA250](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA250.md): Cessna 172 · Camarillo, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 29, 1996 · N9408L · Substantial damage > the student pilot misjudged the landing flare resulting in a hard landing. A factor in the accident was high airspeed. - [NTSB FTW96LA283](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA283.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Tulsa, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 29, 1996 · N7859W · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper flare during the landing, which resulted in a collapsed nose gear, ground swerve, and collision with an object. - [NTSB FTW96LA277](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA277.md): Cessna 152 · Lake Providence, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 27, 1996 · N93526 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise motion of the airplane and subsequent damage. - [NTSB NYC96LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA132.md): Cessna 140A · Edinboro, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 26, 1996 · N3788V · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent nose over. The tailwind was a related factor. - [NTSB IAD96LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA101.md): Cessna 182P · White Marsh, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 26, 1996 · N40007 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing. A related factor was the pilot's improperly planned approach. - [NTSB MIA96LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA158.md): Aeronca 11-AC · Green Cove Spgs, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 16, 1996 · N9261E · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper planning/decision by failing to ensure that the airplane would be able to clear obstructions at the end of the runway, while taking off with a tailwind component; and his failure (or inability) to flare the airplane after turning back to… - [NTSB LAX96LA235](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA235.md): Cessna 172N · Avalon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 16, 1996 · N6261D · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to initiate a landing flare, which resulted in a bounced landing and porpoise, and his loss of directional control during an attempt to initiate a go-around with insufficient airspeed, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/mush and… - [NTSB FTW96LA256](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA256.md): Cessna R172K · Watkins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 14, 1996 · N3814V · Substantial damage > an improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB NYC96LA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA127.md): Brantly Helicopter B-2 · Fulton, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 12, 1996 · N5981X · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper flare and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision. - [NTSB LAX96LA246](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA246.md): Cessna 172M · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 12, 1996 · N12341 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. The variable/gusty/quartering tail wind was a related factor. - [NTSB FTW96LA245](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA245.md): Beech 23 · Weiner, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 11, 1996 · N2398L · Substantial damage > an improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB MIA96LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA155.md): Rockwell S-2R · Wayside, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 10, 1996 · N8428V · Substantial damage > Failure of the pilot to maintain the proper descent rate at touchdown resulting in collapse of the right main landing gear. - [NTSB MIA96LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA152.md): Piper PA-32R-301 · San Juan, PR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 8, 1996 · N821RR · Substantial damage > Failure of the student pilot to maintain the proper descent rate resulting in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was: the failure of other maintenance personnel to remove tape that was placed by company personnel over each static port before washing… - [NTSB MIA96LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA151.md): Cessna 182 · Crestview, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 6, 1996 · N5464B · Substantial damage > Failure of the pilot-in-command to maintain the proper descent rate on landing resulting in separation of the nose landing gear after touchdown. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of experience in the type of operation. - [NTSB LAX96LA237](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA237.md): Cessna 172N · Ramona, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1996 · N738PS · Substantial damage > the pilot's misjudged and delayed landing flare, and inadequate recovery technique from a bounced landing (porpoise). Sun glare was a factor in the accident. - [NTSB FTW96LA233](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA233.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Longview, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 1996 · N8275Z · Substantial damage > an improper flare by the pilot rated student, while landing with a tailwind; and inadequate supervision by the flight instructor. - [NTSB CHI96LA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA183.md): Cessna 152 · Troy, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 1996 · N49459 · Substantial damage > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane while recovering from a bounced landing. Factors associated with the accident were the misjudged landing flare and the raised taxiway edge which the airplane contacted. - [NTSB LAX96LA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA208.md): Boeing B75-A75N1 · Page, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 28, 1996 · N54284 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing, inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane, while landing in gusty/crosswind conditions. The gusty, crosswind condition was a… - [NTSB SEA96LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA101.md): Cessna 177 · Corvallis, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1996 · N177JM · Substantial damage > failure of the pilot to properly judge the distance and altitude to the runway just before touching down, and his premature flare for landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the presence of sun glare during the landing, and the resultant degradation… - [NTSB NYC96LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA120.md): Cessna 150L · Matawan, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 1996 · N10439 · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. The gusty wind condtion was a related factor. - [NTSB LAX96FA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96FA206.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-11 · Los Angeles, CA · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · May 25, 1996 · HL737 · Substantial damage > the crew's failure to maintain the proper approach airspeed and rate of descent. Contributing to the accident was the crew's failure to follow the checklist and inadequate supervision by the pilot-in-command. - [NTSB LAX96LA202](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA202.md): Piper PA-32RT-300T · Kernville, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1996 · N21312 · Substantial damage > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the downdraft condition and subsequent failure to maintain a proper rate of descent. - [NTSB FTW96LA217](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA217.md): Cessna 182J · Jacksonville, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 16, 1996 · N3160F · Substantial damage > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions. A factor was the gusting wind conditions. - [NTSB IAD96LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA084.md): Cessna 172M · Findlay, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 13, 1996 · N73664 · Substantial damage > the student pilot's misjudged flare during landing. - [NTSB CHI96LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA159.md): Cessna 140 · Brooklyn, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 13, 1996 · N89207 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper use of brakes during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, and the soft runway condition. - [NTSB ATL96LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL96LA086.md): Cessna 172 · Winston-Salem, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 6, 1996 · N97277 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper use of the elevator in response to a bounced landing. - [NTSB LAX96LA209](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA209.md): Cessna 172 · Marana, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 4, 1996 · N8811B · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB CHI96LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA153.md): Piper PA-38 · Layfayette, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 3, 1996 · N2364N · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB ANC96LA074](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA074.md): Cessna 172 · Fairbanks, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 2, 1996 · N3795L · Substantial damage > The student pilot's premature flare and the flight instructor's failure to perform remedial action prior to the hard landing. - [NTSB LAX96FA185](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96FA185.md): Robinson R22 · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · May 1, 1996 · N9070N · Destroyed > the pilot misjudged the helicopter's distance and altitude and failed to attain the proper descent rate. - [NTSB NYC96LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA093.md): Cessna 172P · Rutland, VT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 28, 1996 · N98574 · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing. A contributing factor was his lack of recent flight experience. - [NTSB ANC96LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA057.md): Piper PA-18 · Kotzebue, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1996 · N2598P · Substantial damage > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions. A factor in the accident was the gusty wind conditions. - [NTSB FTW96LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA191.md): Cessna 172P · Denton, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1996 · N5215K · Substantial damage > the student pilot's delayed landing flare and his improper bounced landing recovery technique. - [NTSB FTW96LA185](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA185.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Alice, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 23, 1996 · N2537D · Substantial damage > the student pilot's improper landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery. - [NTSB FTW96LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA176.md): Raven S-66A · San Antonio, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 20, 1996 · N2814D · No damage > The pilot's inadequate briefing of his passengers. A factor was the high wind. - [NTSB NYC96LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA086.md): Hughes 269A · Linden, NJ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 19, 1996 · N8084E · Destroyed > improper flare by the pilot, and his failure to take proper corrective action after the helicopter touched down hard and entered ground resonance. - [NTSB SEA96LA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA083.md): Cessna 172 · Cheyenne, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1996 · N733FF · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare during the landing and improper recovery from the subsequent bounced landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's failure to maintain the proper approach path during the approach for landing. Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=27 ## The whole list in SQL Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS: ```sql SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1 WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200) ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC ``` This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=26 --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.