# NTSB investigations: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 27 of 62 · 3,083 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB MIA96LA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA121.md): Cessna 310D · Palmetto, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1996 · N100VG · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot-in-command to maintain the proper descent rate resulting in a hard landing and collapse of the right main landing gear.
- [NTSB LAX96LA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA172.md): Bell 206B III · San Diego, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 16, 1996 · N2750F · Substantial damage
  > the student's failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm and airspeed during a practice autorotation, and the instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight.
- [NTSB CHI96LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA131.md): Beech A23A · Saginaw, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1996 · N3613Q · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX96LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA157.md): Cessna 172 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1996 · N62038 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare.
- [NTSB SEA96LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA077.md): Cessna 172P · Friday Harbor, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1996 · N51380 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of the aircraft's altitude above the runway and failure to flare for landing. Darkness (bright night) was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA96TA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96TA112.md): Cessna 210 · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Mar 29, 1996 · N2306D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare on landing, and his improper use of flight controls on landing rollout.
- [NTSB IAD96LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA054.md): Cessna 172 · Taplin, WV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 27, 1996 · N61546 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper level off and recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB MIA96LA105](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA105.md): Cessna 172N · New Smyrna Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1996 · N75770 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise, and subsequent overload failure of the nose gear.
- [NTSB ATL96LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL96LA064.md): Cessna 152 · Baxley, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1996 · N105AT · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing, a collapsed nose gear, and a subsequent nose over.
- [NTSB LAX96LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA136.md): Cessna 182Q · Avalon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1996 · N7583S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors relating to the accident were: a visual illusion due to rising terrain at the approach end of the runway, and the pilot's misjudgment of distance and speed during the approach to…
- [NTSB LAX96LA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA127.md): Cessna 152 · Las Vegas, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 7, 1996 · N5531M · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recover from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing and collapse of the nose gear. A factor relating to the accident was: the flight instructor's inadequate instruction concerning recovery from…
- [NTSB MIA96LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA093.md): Bellanca 8GCBC · Panama City Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 5, 1996 · N86928 · Substantial damage
  > improper compensation for wind conditions by the second pilot, his inadequate remedial action after the airplane lifted off during a wind gust, and inadequate supervision by the first pilot (PIC). A factor relating to the accident was: the gusty wind…
- [NTSB NYC96LA069](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA069.md): Bellanca 7KCAB · South Wales, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 1, 1996 · N7807S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and failure to maintain directional control during landing.
- [NTSB FTW96LA133](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA133.md): Cessna T210N · Englewood, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 24, 1996 · N1775U · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain control of the aircraft during the landing. The adverse wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI96LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA097.md): Cessna 172P · West Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 24, 1996 · N99341 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's misjudging the flare. A factor was the gusts.
- [NTSB MIA96FA082](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96FA082.md): Beech 95-B55 · Morganton, NC · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 19, 1996 · N448P · Destroyed
  > the pilot's delay in initiating a go-around (aborted landing), which resulted in his failure to obtain/maintain sufficient altitude or clearance from trees beyond the end of the runway. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's failure to ensure…
- [NTSB LAX96LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA190.md): Aerostar S-77A · Tucson, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 17, 1996 · N6317U · No damage
  > the interruption to the pilot's planned landing approach due to obstructions in the original touchdown spot, which led to the pilot misjudging the landing flare.
- [NTSB CHI96LA089](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA089.md): Cessna 210 · Shelbyville, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 15, 1996 · N9614X · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's improper use of procedure by wearing unapproved correcting lenses, and his resultant decreased depth perception.
- [NTSB FTW96LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA114.md): Mooney M20M · Alpine, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 10, 1996 · N9167J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during a misjudged landing flare resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC96LA058](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA058.md): Beech 1900D · Bradford, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 7, 1996 · N159YV · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare during landing. Factors in the accident were: an improper recovery from a bounced landing, and the first officers lack of experience in this type operation.
- [NTSB FTW96LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA111.md): Mcdonnell Douglas MD-88 · Denver, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 4, 1996 · N957DL · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to maintain sufficient airspeed to properly flare the airplane during the landing.
- [NTSB FTW96LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA104.md): Cessna 172N · Norman, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 1996 · N76067 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper level-off during landing.
- [NTSB SEA96LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA044.md): Cessna 152 · Ogden, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 16, 1996 · N757TJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and inadequate recovery from a bounced landing. His improper approach was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA96LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA062.md): Cessna 310C · Irvington, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 1996 · N700YA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI96LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA076.md): Cessna 152 · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 14, 1996 · N24311 · Destroyed
  > the pilot misjudged the flare and performed an improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the inadequate ground instruction concerning recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB FTW96LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA097.md): Cessna 152 · Spring, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 13, 1996 · N111UF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing, and failure to maintain directional control during the landing. The soft terrain was a related factor.
- [NTSB MIA96LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA061.md): Bell 206B · Pompano Beach, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 11, 1996 · N33HF · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the rated student pilot, and inadequate supervision by the flight instructor.
- [NTSB CHI96LA070](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA070.md): Cessna 310R · Minocqua, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 29, 1995 · N68300 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the landing. The weather and ice accumulation on the airplane were factors.
- [NTSB CHI96LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA063.md): Piper PA-28RT-201 · Wheeling, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 24, 1995 · N8162S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of the landing flare.
- [NTSB LAX96LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA062.md): Cessna 172N · Winslow, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 5, 1995 · N739LD · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's use of an excessive airspeed during the landing approach, which resulted in a hard landing, a porpoise, and a collapse of the nose landing gear.
- [NTSB NYC96LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA033.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Meriden, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 3, 1995 · N2226Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. The unfavorable wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW96LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA059.md): Thunder and Colt AX9-140 · Gallup, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 2, 1995 · N9606A · No damage
  > the high winds and the pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control.
- [NTSB FTW96LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA057.md): Beech D18S · Loveland, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 30, 1995 · N8603A · Destroyed
  > The second pilot's failure to compensate for wind conditions and his improper recovery from a bounced landing, and the pilot-in-command's inadequate supervision of the flight. Factors were the second pilot's lack of landing experience in the airplane…
- [NTSB MIA96LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA030.md): Cessna 152 · Jacksonville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 27, 1995 · N911MF · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper level-off and elevator control input.
- [NTSB FTW96LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA067.md): General Balloon AX-6 · Houston, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1995 · N2508E · No damage
  > Failure by the pilot to maintain control of the balloon during landing. A factor was unfavorable wind.
- [NTSB FTW96LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA055.md): Aerostar RX8 · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1995 · N6360U · No damage
  > The pilot's improper planning/decision. A factor relating to the accident was: the high wind condition.
- [NTSB CHI96LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA042.md): Cessna T337G · Pontiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1995 · N6CX · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper level-off and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI96LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA043.md): Aerostar Raven S57-A · Stark, KS · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 25, 1995 · N7019G · No damage
  > the pilot's failure to follow emergency procedures. A factor was the weather condition.
- [NTSB CHI96LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA028.md): Cessna 421 · Romeo, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 12, 1995 · N1588G · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain sufficient airspeed during landing, causing the inadvertent stall. A factor was the icing conditions.
- [NTSB NYC96LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA026.md): Fairchild Merlin Iiia · Butler, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 1995 · N636SP · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to perform a missed approach, when the airplane was not properly aligned with the landing runway; and his failure to properly flare the airplane, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX96LA033](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA033.md): Russell KR-2 · Adelanto, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 1995 · N14MR · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgement of the height above touchdown and his premature flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB MIA96LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA015.md): Consolidated Aeronautics Lake LA-4-200 · Morganton, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 28, 1995 · N6180V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's excessive rate of descent on short final.
- [NTSB FTW96LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA029.md): Cessna 150L · Norman, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1995 · N5350Q · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight. Factors were the gusty wind conditions and the student pilot's failure to obtain and maintain proper compensation for the wind…
- [NTSB LAX96LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA021.md): Cessna 182L · Auburn, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1995 · N42712 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control following a hard landing. His physical impairment was a factor.
- [NTSB BFO96LA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO96LA019.md): Cessna T210L · College Park, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1995 · N89EP · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and his failure to initiate a go-around. Related factors were the crosswind and the pilot's concern about being late for meetings he had scheduled.
- [NTSB FTW96LA013](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA013.md): Aerostar RX 8 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 1995 · N9153X · No damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision. The variable wind condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB BFO96LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO96LA005.md): Travel Air R · Youngstown, OH · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 1995 · N614K · Destroyed
  > the pilot's improper flare during the landing, which resulted in a hard landing, fuselage damage, loss of aircraft control, and a nose over. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's lack of experience in the make and model of airplane.
- [NTSB LAX96LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA006.md): Cessna 172N · Tucson, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 9, 1995 · N260ER · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate compensation for the existing tailwind conditions, improper flare, and failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB SEA95LA228](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA95LA228.md): Cessna 182R · Spokane, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 28, 1995 · N5949E · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to properly flare the airplane during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's improper approach to land, exceeding the proper touchdown point for landing, failure to go-around, while there was sufficient runway…
- [NTSB FTW95LA405](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA405.md): Let Blanik L-13 · Como, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 1995 · N38924 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot allowing the glider to develop an excessive descent rate. A factor was the premature and automatic disengagement of the winch-tow system.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=28

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=27

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