# NTSB investigations: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 38 of 62 · 3,083 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB CHI90LA262](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA262.md): National Balloon AX-7 · Altoona, IA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1990 · N9006Y · No damage
  > The passenger's inadvertent contact with a propane tank during a bounced landing which resulted in serious injury to the passenger.
- [NTSB MIA90LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA180.md): Cessna 172M · Plymouth, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1990 · N6600H · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to arrest the high rate of descent prior to touchdown.
- [NTSB LAX90FA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90FA316.md): Enstrom F28C · Santa Paula, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1990 · N51633 · Destroyed
  > The excessive approach speed to the pinnacle landing point and the pilot's delayed landing flare. Factors in the accident were: lack of total experience in this type of operation.
- [NTSB NYC90LA211](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA211.md): Cessna 182P · Peters Twp, PA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1990 · N21033 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in commands failure to maintain airspeed on final approach resulting in an inadvertent stall and hard landing.
- [NTSB ATL90LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA165.md): Grumman AA1 · Gainesville, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1990 · N6169L · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to properly flare.
- [NTSB LAX90LA304](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA304.md): Cessna 152 · Santa Ana, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1990 · N47477 · Substantial damage
  > The improper technique used by the student pilot to recover from a bounced landing attempt.
- [NTSB CHI90LA245](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA245.md): Cessna 172 · Farmington, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1990 · N4347R · Substantial damage
  > Remedial action was not attained by the CFI. Contributing to the accident was inadequate airspeed and porpoise encountered by the dual student pilot.
- [NTSB ANC90LA155](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90LA155.md): Cessna 152 · Goose Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1990 · N6100Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper flare on touchdown.
- [NTSB SEA90FA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90FA165.md): Piper PA-30-160 · Kalispell, MT · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1990 · N8556Y · Destroyed
  > Failure of the pilot to flare the aircraft for landing and to maintain its control during the attempted go-around (aborted landing). Factors related to the accident were: darkness, a number of runway edge lights that were either inoperative or hidden by…
- [NTSB CHI90LA237](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA237.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Roseville, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1990 · N2731R · Substantial damage
  > Misjudged flare for landing, an improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to maintain directional control.
- [NTSB ATL90LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA164.md): Cessna 182N · Knightdale, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1990 · N9136G · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to execute timely go around procedures. The pilot's lack of experience in this make and model of airplane were factors in the accident.
- [NTSB CHI90LA229](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA229.md): Cessna U206A · Fishers, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1990 · N8060Z · Substantial damage
  > Pilot-in-command's failure to accomplish a recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in a porpoise and collapse of the nose gear.
- [NTSB CHI90LA215](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA215.md): Cessna 152 · Cahokia, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 5, 1990 · N757UX · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI90DEE09](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DEE09.md): Bennert Sidewinder · Lansing, IL · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Aug 5, 1990 · N81X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to compensate for winds conditions on landing approach.
- [NTSB NYC90DNE04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90DNE04.md): Rotorway RW 152 · Southwick, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Aug 4, 1990 · UNREG · Substantial damage
  > A hard landing due to improper use of the rotorcraft flight controls, and the decision to put fuel in only one side.
- [NTSB NYC90LA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA180.md): Piper PA-28-151 · Mt Pocono, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1990 · N6177J · Destroyed
  > A hard landing after the pilot perceived an engine problem. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the pilot to control his airspeed and flare during the emergency landing.
- [NTSB MIA90LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA164.md): Cessna 150M · Venice, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1990 · N109HA · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the student pilot to flare for landing and his loss of control after a bounced landing.
- [NTSB BFO90LA068](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO90LA068.md): Cessna 172N · Tangier Island, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1990 · N1516E · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and premature raising of the flaps.
- [NTSB CHI90LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA205.md): Bell 47G-5 · Hudson, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 30, 1990 · N8140J · Substantial damage
  > Improper touchdown performed by the pilot in command.
- [NTSB CHI90LA200](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA200.md): Beech A36TC · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1990 · N3738U · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to recognize the deteriorating airspeed and imminent stall during the landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC90LA173](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA173.md): Cessna 182G · Cincinnati, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1990 · N183D · Substantial damage
  > The pilot did not properly compensate for the gusty wind conditions, resulting in the airplane landing hard and porpoising.
- [NTSB LAX90LA261](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA261.md): Cessna 180B · Red Bluff, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1990 · N20KB · Substantial damage
  > An improper landing flare and improper recovery from the bounced landing.
- [NTSB DEN90LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90LA165.md): Beech B-24-R · Cheyenne Wells, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1990 · N2537W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's failure to compensate for the existing cross wind.
- [NTSB FTW90LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA145.md): Cessna 177RG · Arlington, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1990 · N2022Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged airplane attitude during the landing flare.
- [NTSB NYC90LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA149.md): Beech C23 · Allaire, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1990 · N24630 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare for the landing.
- [NTSB FTW90LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA122.md): Piccard P-80 · Peaster, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 23, 1990 · N99US · Destroyed
  > An excessive rate of descent during the approach.
- [NTSB LAX90LA224](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA224.md): Cessna 140 · Chico, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 21, 1990 · N72122 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot improperly leveled off, failed to correct the ensuing porpoise, took improper remedial action, and improperly used the rudder and normal brakes.
- [NTSB LAX90LA343](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA343.md): Balloon Works Firefly 7B · Moorpark, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 17, 1990 · N1523C · No damage
  > The pilot's failure to arrest descent for landing.
- [NTSB LAX90LA221](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA221.md): Grumman G21A · Long Beach, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 16, 1990 · N86640 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to retract the landing gear resulting in an inadvertent wheels-down landing in water. In addition, a loss of elevator control was encountered due to a stress corrosion failure of an elevator control cable turnbuckle as a result of…
- [NTSB NYC90FA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90FA130.md): Consolidated Aeronautics LA-4-200 · Danbury, CT · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jun 15, 1990 · N76KK · Substantial damage
  > The inadvertent stall. A factor was the pilot's misjudgement of the landing flare.
- [NTSB MIA90LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA140.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Boca Raton, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 15, 1990 · N3822W · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to flare the airplane for landing resulting in the hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC90LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA126.md): Barnes Firefly 8B · Cazenovia, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 10, 1990 · N3702M · No damage
  > The passengers failure to comply with the pilots instructions after a hard landing was made.
- [NTSB CHI90LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA151.md): Cessna T210N · Wheeling, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 10, 1990 · N7134J · Substantial damage
  > Pilot-in-command's failure to obtain a proper flare attitude in the aircraft prior to touchdown.
- [NTSB CHI90LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA152.md): Beech T-34A · Champaign, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 9, 1990 · N54RF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and his failure to adequately flare the aircraft for landing. The adverse wind was a related factor.
- [NTSB FTW90LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90LA114.md): Cessna 152 · Fort Worth, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 3, 1990 · N714TT · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot misjudged the flare to land.
- [NTSB ANC90LA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90LA083.md): Helio H-250 · Six Mile Lake, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 1990 · N528LM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing. The pilot's lack of experience in the make and model of aircraft was a related factor.
- [NTSB LAX90LA194](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA194.md): Cessna 152 · Atwater, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 1990 · N68271 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot flared the airplane too high and improperly recovered from the bounced landing. Contributing to this accident was the pilot's improper use of the normal brakes and the soft terrain.
- [NTSB MIA90LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA136.md): Piper PA-44-180 · Bunnell, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 28, 1990 · N2171N · Substantial damage
  > The dual students failure to flare properly during a simulated forced landing. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the flight instructor to properly monitor the student during the simulated forced landing.
- [NTSB CHI90LA178](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA178.md): Cessna 182 · Rich Hill, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1990 · N71818 · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate landing flare by the pilot.
- [NTSB NYC90LA108](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA108.md): Cessna 172M · Granville, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 14, 1990 · N80104 · Substantial damage
  > The improper recovery from a bounced landing which resulted in loss of control and collision with a ditch.
- [NTSB CHI90LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA124.md): Beech A36 · Anderson, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 8, 1990 · N3081W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot failed to adequately compensate for the wind conditions. The gusty crosswind was a factor.
- [NTSB LAX90LA177](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA177.md): Cessna 172N · Cottonwood, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 7, 1990 · N251ER · Substantial damage
  > Premature raising of the flaps during the go-around maneuver.
- [NTSB CHI90LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA122.md): Cessna 172P · Plainfield, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 2, 1990 · N54093 · Substantial damage
  > The student's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing, and failure to maintain directional control. The crosswind was a related factor.
- [NTSB ATL90LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA103.md): Cessna 182 · Griffin, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1990 · N3773D · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the pilot.
- [NTSB ATL90LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL90LA101.md): Cessna 177B · Spartanburg, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1990 · N19119 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB NYC90LA086](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC90LA086.md): Cessna 152 · New Castle, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1990 · N48259 · Substantial damage
  > Inadequate supervision of the student pilot by the flight instructor which resulted in a hard landing. Factors related to the accident was the improper use of the flight controls by a student pilot.
- [NTSB FTW90DRD06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW90DRD06.md): Stolt Acroduster II · Alexandria, LA · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Apr 18, 1990 · N63BD · Destroyed
  > The pilot misjudged the landing flare.
- [NTSB DEN90LA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN90LA090.md): Cessna 172 · Ogallala, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 7, 1990 · N64739 · Substantial damage
  > The misjudged landing flare. A factor was the pilot's lack of experience.
- [NTSB LAX90LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX90LA139.md): Cessna 182L · Concord, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1990 · N42599 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command to properly judge the timing of the landing flare.
- [NTSB ANC90FA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90FA047.md): de Havilland DHC-6 · Chevak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 29, 1990 · N200EH · Substantial damage
  > Improper flare by the pilot (PIC) during the landing/flare. The weather condition with fog was a related factor.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=39

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=38

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