# NTSB investigations: Hard landing NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports. Page 40 of 62 · 3,083 cases ## Cases, newest first - [NTSB DEN89FA192](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89FA192.md): Piper PA-28-235 · Bullfrog, UT · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1989 · N9084W · Destroyed > Improper flare by the pilot, his failure to maintain runway alignment, and the improper remedial action which resulted in a loss of control. The high density altitude and objects (runway light and smudge pot) were considered to be contributing factors. - [NTSB LAX89LA266](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA266.md): Cessna 152 · Santa Monica, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1989 · N95693 · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB NYC89LA192](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA192.md): Cessna R172K · Griswold, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 5, 1989 · N758QB · Substantial damage > Improper flare by the pilot, and his failure to attain adequated airspeed for an aborted landing (go-around), which resulted in a loss of aircraft control. - [NTSB BFO89LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO89LA067.md): Travel Air B-4000 · Midland, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1989 · N13906 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper compensation for wind conditions and improper flare during the landing. Contributing factors were:the wind conditions and the pilot's lack of experience in this make and model of aircraft. - [NTSB ATL89FA189](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89FA189.md): Convair 640 (340D) · Atlanta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1989 · N5509K · Substantial damage > Pilot in command failed to place the airplane at a position from which a stabilized approach to landing could be made. His procedure for the recovery from the bounced landing was inadequate and the nose gear structural strength was exceeded during following… - [NTSB NYC89LA203](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA203.md): Cessna 172P · Newburgh, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1989 · N1983F · Substantial damage > The dual student's misjudgement of the airplane's altitude and speed during the flare for landing, and the improper use of power during the flare. In addition, the CFI failed to adequately supervise the dual student's action. - [NTSB SEA89LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA145.md): Cessna 177 · Fall City, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 31, 1989 · N3448T · Substantial damage > The pilot misjudged his landing flare and then did not properly recover from the resulting bounce. - [NTSB LAX89LA253](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89LA253.md): Bell 206B · Rialto, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 31, 1989 · N10857 · Substantial damage > Failure to install two of the four required nuts which retain the high speed coupling input drive shaft to the transmission. - [NTSB SEA89LA142](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA142.md): Cessna 172E · Yerington, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 30, 1989 · N14454 · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during a landing go-around in high density altitude conditions. - [NTSB BFO89LA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO89LA066.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Williamsburg, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 30, 1989 · N4022R · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control by improperly flaring the airplane during the landing approach. - [NTSB SEA89LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA89LA152.md): Cessna 172M · Carson City, NV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1989 · N9598H · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper compensation for wind conditions, and improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors related to the accident were: the adverse wind condition and the student's lack of total flying experience. - [NTSB NYC89LA178](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA178.md): Cessna 172 · Mt Pleasant, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1989 · N19652 · Substantial damage > An improper flare by the pilot that resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB MKC89LA171](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA171.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Liberty, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1989 · N4278E · Substantial damage > Control interference by the dual student as the instructor tried to recover from the student's bounced landing, and failure to maintain proper runway alignment. Contributing factors were: improper flare by the student, the crosswind, the student's… - [NTSB MIA89LA207](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA207.md): Cessna 172N · Gainesville, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1989 · N5186J · Substantial damage > The student's improper flare for landing. The crosswind (quartering headwind) and the student's lack of experience in this aircraft were considered to be contributing factors. - [NTSB LAX89DUG06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89DUG06.md): Boeing A75N1 · Chino, CA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 25, 1989 · N68491 · Substantial damage > The pilot losing directional control after a hard landing, which resulted in a nose over. - [NTSB CHI89LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA164.md): Piper PA38-112 · Milwaukee, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1989 · N9103A · Substantial damage > Student pilot's misjudged aircraft handling during the landing flare/touchdown, and the cfi's inadequate supervision of the operation. These resulted in an abrupt touchdown, a subsequent loss of directional control, and the aircraft's collision with the VASI… - [NTSB NYC89LA173](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA173.md): Schweizer 1-23 · Eighty Four, PA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1989 · N91867 · Substantial damage > Poor handling of the glider durig landing. The pilot over corrected and caused the nose to strike the runway surface. Directional control was lost, resulting in a groundloop. - [NTSB ATL89IA180](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89IA180.md): Mooney M20C · Marietta, GA · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1989 · N1379W · Minor damage > The pilot's failure to properly flare the airplane. - [NTSB ATL89DMG04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89DMG04.md): Wittman, S.J. W-8 · Washington, NC · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 17, 1989 · N74849 · Substantial damage > Pilot inadvertently stalled the airplane. - [NTSB CHI89LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA139.md): Piper PA-32-301 · Grayslake, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 15, 1989 · N8301F · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to go around (when there was sufficient speed and runway remaining). A contributing factor was his lack of recent experience in type of aircraft. - [NTSB MKC89LA160](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA160.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Camdenton, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1989 · N2892A · Substantial damage > Aircraft control was not maintained by the pilot in command. - [NTSB CHI89LA134](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA134.md): Cessna 152 · Grosse Ile, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 13, 1989 · N24378 · Substantial damage > The student pilot's not correcting the porpoise on the first landing. A factor in the accident is the lack of experience of the student pilot. - [NTSB MIA89LA197](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA197.md): Cessna 150 · Deland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1989 · N5814G · Substantial damage > Improper flare by the pilot and his improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB MIA89LA193](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA193.md): Cessna 208B · Fort Myers, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1989 · N921FE · Substantial damage > Improper flare by the pilot for landing and improper remedial action. A contributing factor was the lack of airspeed on final approach. - [NTSB LAX89FA238](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX89FA238.md): Enstrom F28F · Oakland, CA · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 11, 1989 · N288 · Substantial damage > Failure of the pilot to properly maintain rotor RPM throughout the autorotation. - [NTSB MKC89LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA157.md): Cessna 172 · Crystal, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1989 · N6938H · Substantial damage > Aircraft control was not maintained by the pilot in command, due to an improper landing flare which resulted in several bounces. The landing gear failed in overload during the bounced landing. - [NTSB ATL89LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA176.md): Piper PA28-140 · Holly Hill, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1989 · N4594T · Substantial damage > Pilot misjudged his landing approach path and crossed the runway threshold too high to safely complete the landing. He also flared the airplane at too high an altitude resulting in a stall to a hard touchdown on the nose wheel exceeding the structural… - [NTSB ANC89LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA117.md): Cessna 206 · Eureka, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 6, 1989 · N60529 · Substantial damage > The pilot failed to maintain control of the airplane during a hard landing a subsequent go-around attempt. - [NTSB NYC89LA158](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA158.md): Cessna 152 · Plattsburgh, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 3, 1989 · N48683 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing, and failure to maintain directional control. - [NTSB MKC89LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA149.md): Cessna 152 · St. Charles, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 3, 1989 · N49554 · Substantial damage > Aircraft control was not maintained by the pilot in command due to improper use of the flight controls in flaring the aircraft for landing and counteracting the effects of the cross-wind on the drifting aircraft. - [NTSB MIA89LA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA183.md): Cessna 421B · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 3, 1989 · N149RT · Substantial damage > Improper flare by the pilot. The light condition (dark night) was considered to be a contributing factor. - [NTSB NYC89LA160](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA160.md): Cessna 152 · Oneida, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 2, 1989 · N4953B · Substantial damage > Loss of directional control during landing due to wind change. The aircraft landed hard on the runway due to improper flare by the pilot and a delayed response to the ballooning of the acft. - [NTSB DEN89LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA153.md): Stitts SA7D · Evanston, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 2, 1989 · N1113E · Substantial damage > Improper compensation by the pilot for wind conditions. Contributing factors were: high density altitude, unfavorable wind, and downdraft. - [NTSB FTW89LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW89LA122.md): Cessna 206 · Del Rio, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 1, 1989 · N579LD · Substantial damage > Pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a porpoise. - [NTSB BFO89LA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO89LA052.md): Mooney M-20F · Mchenry, MD · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 1, 1989 · N7784M · Substantial damage > The pilot landed hard and collapsed the landing gear when he failed to arrest his descent rate during landing. Afterwardas he tried to make a go-around the pilot did not obtain adequate flying speed, the aircraft stalled and collided with the ground. - [NTSB MKC89LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC89LA145.md): Cessna U206 · Eveleth, MN · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 28, 1989 · N9627G · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare during the water landing. The pilot's lack of recent experience in seaplane operations and the lack of experience in the accident aircraft contributed to the accident. - [NTSB DEN89LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA145.md): Raven S77A · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 21, 1989 · N4207U · No damage > A hard landing due to the pilots failure to accurately evaluate the weather conditions along with a delay in making a precautionary landing. Factors contributing to the accident were high winds and wind shear along with rough/uneven terrain. - [NTSB ATL89LA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA170.md): Cessna R172E · Birmingham, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 16, 1989 · N48257 · Substantial damage > Improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in a hard landing. The fact that the pilot was asked twice to expedite the landing created pressure on the pilot and was considered to be a factor. - [NTSB ANC89LA089](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA089.md): Cessna 150-L · Alexander River, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 12, 1989 · N1612Q · Substantial damage > The failure of the pilot to land at the proper touchdown point and the resulting hard landing. Damage to the airplane precluded a go-around and resulted in the intentional swerve into a River to avoid injuries to people on the ground. - [NTSB NYC89DFJ01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89DFJ01.md): Davis DA-2A · Skaneateles, NY · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Jun 6, 1989 · N26Q · Substantial damage > The pilot's hard landing which resulted in nose gear collapse. - [NTSB MIA89LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89LA169.md): Cessna 152 · Fort Lauderdale, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1989 · N94622 · Substantial damage > The pilot's late flare which resulted in a hard landing that exceeded the design stress limits of the airplane. - [NTSB BFO89LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO89LA041.md): Cessna 152 · Dover Afb, DE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1989 · N69271 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare, improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his delay in initiating a go-around, which resulted in an uncontrolled porpoise, loss of directional control, and an uncontrolled ground swerve. His lack of experience, a crosswind, and… - [NTSB NYC89LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA143.md): Beech 60 · Philadelphia, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 1, 1989 · N5AN · Destroyed > Improper flare by the pilot during the landing, and his failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft. - [NTSB NYC89LA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC89LA138.md): Hughes 269A · Swanton, VT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 1989 · CFBMF · Substantial damage > The pilot failed to maintain directional control. - [NTSB MIA89IA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA89IA153.md): Boeing 727-100 · Guantanamo, PR · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · May 23, 1989 · N97891 · Minor damage > Failure of the pilot in command to properly compensate for a crosswind condition, and failure to utilize the proper crosswind landing technique. - [NTSB BFO89LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO89LA034.md): Aeronca 7AC · Indian Head, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1989 · N85715 · Substantial damage > Pilot failed to maintained directional control during recovery from a hard landing. - [NTSB CHI89LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI89LA093.md): Cessna 140 · Linden, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1989 · N4240N · Destroyed > The pilot's poor judgement, poor aircraft handling, and the resultant hard touchdown. - [NTSB ATL89LA147](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA147.md): Cessna 172N · Fuquay, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 13, 1989 · N733VS · Substantial damage > Failure of the student pilot to maintain directional control of the aircraft during the landing, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. Contributing factors were: improper flare by the student during the landing, which resulted in a hard landing, and… - [NTSB ATL89LA145](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL89LA145.md): Hughes 269A · Ozark, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 11, 1989 · N9049J · Substantial damage > The pilot's excessive use of the cyclic control and the misjudged flare during a practice touchdown autorotation. - [NTSB ANC89LA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA067.md): Cessna 170B · Kalskag, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 6, 1989 · N4074V · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane following a bounced landing. Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=41 ## The whole list in SQL Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS: ```sql SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1 WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200) ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC ``` This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=40 --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.