# NTSB investigations: Hard landing NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports. Page 42 of 62 · 3,083 cases ## Cases, newest first - [NTSB DEN89LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA006.md): Pilgrim Steen Skybolt · Rawlins, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 1988 · N21SP · Substantial damage > The pvt plt in command and his atp-rated pax were ferrying the newly-purchased acft from FL to WA. They departed scottsbluff, NE, and were enroute to rock springs, WY, when the pax advised the plt insufficient VFR fuel reserves precluded continuing to rks.… - [NTSB DEN89LA004](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA004.md): Raven Rally II · Rio Rancho, NM · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 1988 · N4098G · Substantial damage > The commercial balloon plt and one pax were participating in a balloon fiesta. The acft took off from albuquerque, on a local flight in calm winds. At altitude, the balloon encountered south winds that carried the balloon to Rio Rancho, where a landing was… - [NTSB DEN89LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN89LA002.md): Cessna TP206B · Durango, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1988 · N4732F · Substantial damage > The private plt was practicing landings in his acft. During takeoff ground run, while making a touch and go landing, the plt reported experiencing vibrations from both main gear and his acft departed the 5,000 x 50 ft rwy to the left. The plane traveled 100… - [NTSB BFO88LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO88LA087.md): Beech B23 · Roanoke, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1988 · N9110T · Substantial damage > The plt said the acft bounced twice during the landing. The apch speed was 75 to 80 KTS. The left main gear collapsed on the second bounce. The nose gear collapsed on the final touchdown. The acft slid off the left side of he rwy. The plt reported no… - [NTSB SEA88LA193](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA193.md): Piper PA-28-160 · Renton, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 29, 1988 · N5896W · Substantial damage > The student pilot was returning from a long solo cross country. The runway was undergoing construction. 2,300 feet remained for landing. Landing needed to be accomplished over barriers. The student pilot had approach flaps set. The tower asked the pilot to… - [NTSB MIA88LA275](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA88LA275.md): Cessna 182N · Belleview, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 29, 1988 · N9051G · Substantial damage > After clearing transmission wires at the apch end of the rwy, the plt stated the acft was low & slow. Prior to touchdown she stated the acft stalled, then landed hard. The nose wheel collapsed during the touchdown. - [NTSB FTW88DPA10](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW88DPA10.md): Bell 206L-1 · Fort Worth, TX · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Sep 25, 1988 · N1069Q · Substantial damage > The rated helicopter pilot was undergoing recurrent training with an instructor at a training field. During a practice autorotation to a landing, the helicopter went into a high sink rate with a low main rotor RPM. The helicopter touched down hard in a tail… - [NTSB ANC88LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC88LA144.md): Maule M-5-235C · Porcupine Butte, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1988 · N56304 · Substantial damage > The plt rprtd he landed harder than he intended from about 3 to 5 ft above the ground. The right main gear collapsed & the acft veered to the right. Subsequently, the left main gear collapsed & the acft came to rest off the airstrip. - [NTSB SEA88LA173](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA173.md): Maule M5-235C · Priest River, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 6, 1988 · N56312 · Substantial damage > On approach for lndg on rwy 27, the plt noted that the windsock was indicating strong, shifting winds. The acft settled in the flare, despite added power, resulting in hard landing. - [NTSB MKC88LA168](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC88LA168.md): Cessna 152 · Burlington, IA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 6, 1988 · N5458P · Substantial damage > Arriving at the destination apt, on a solo cross country flt, the plt said UNICOM advised a landing on rwy 18. The local fss reported the winds to be out of the northwest favoring runway 36. The plt elected to land on rnwy 18 based on the UNICOM advisory, and… - [NTSB LAX88LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX88LA301.md): Cessna 152 · Goodyear, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 29, 1988 · N46972 · Substantial damage > The student pilot was on her second supervised solo flight. She had completed one touch and go landing and was attempting a second when the accident occurred. The pilot failed to flare the airplane at the proper time and the airplane collided with the terrain… - [NTSB BFO88LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO88LA078.md): Cessna 152 · Easton, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1988 · N49572 · Substantial damage > The student pilot reported that he allowed the airspeed to deteriorate on final apch. The acft touched down nosewheel first and began to porpoise on the runway. The acft porpoised 3 or 4 times before the propeller and right wing contacted the runway. - [NTSB BFO88LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO88LA077.md): Cessna 172 · Oakland, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1988 · N4156F · Substantial damage > According to the pilot the landing approach for runway 22 was made over power lines. He stated that during the approach the stall warning horn activated and he increased power to maintain 60 mph with 20 degs of flaps. Once estimating that his intended point… - [NTSB NYC88LA230](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC88LA230.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Manville, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1988 · N2445N · Destroyed > After completing six landings with an instructor the student plt was released by the instructor for his first solo flt to be conducted as a series of closed pattern touch-and-go landings. On his first solo landing the student plt landed nose wheel first with… - [NTSB SEA88LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA162.md): Cessna 152 · Seattle, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1988 · N6419M · Substantial damage > Student pilot executed improper flare resulting in hard landing. This was a solo flt. The student said he was high on final but thought it was okay. When he flared to land the acft dropped to the rwy and bounced. The student said he added power and raised the… - [NTSB NYC88LA226](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC88LA226.md): Hughes 269A · Pittstown, NJ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1988 · N7028V · Substantial damage > The CFI was demonstrating a departure autorotation to a prospective student. A high rate of descent with low airspeed and low rotor RPM developed and the CFI attempted a power recovery with no results. The acft touched down hard, the skids collapsed and the… - [NTSB SEA88LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA157.md): Cessna 172N · Tyge Valley, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 20, 1988 · N737RB · Substantial damage > The pilot reported that late in the apch, the acft developed a high sink rate. However, he used elevator only to correct the sink rate. The aircraft impacted the runway and bounced. On the third bounce, the nose gear failed and the aircraft nosed over. The… - [NTSB DEN88LA187](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN88LA187.md): Cessna 152 · Leadville, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1988 · N93538 · Substantial damage > The student plt was lost during a solo cross country instructional flight. After landing and refueling at Leadville, Colorado, he attempted to fly through a mountain pass towards his destination. He climbed the acft to 12,000 and tried to continue the climb.… - [NTSB CHI88DEC06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88DEC06.md): Sackett J2 · Deckerville, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Aug 19, 1988 · N33131 · Destroyed > The pilot's poor judgement and misjudged perceptions while practicing takeoffs and landings in an unfamiliar aircraft. The pilot executed a hard landing, touching down short of the runway and collapsing the landing gear. The aircraft skidded to a stop on the… - [NTSB DEN88LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN88LA190.md): Cessna 177RG · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1988 · N53049 · Substantial damage > The commercial plt was practicing short field landings from the right seat on a 7,498 x 100 ft asphalt rwy. The plt said he encountered a thermal at 10 ft AGL and stalled the airplane. He reported that the acft hit harder than he expected and bounced twice.… - [NTSB MIA88IA255](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA88IA255.md): Piper PA-44-180 · Vero Beach, FL · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1988 · N2193V · Minor damage > The CFI & his pvt plt-rated multi eng student were conducting touch & go ldgs in preparation for the multi-eng rating. The CFI stated that one of the ldgs was harder than usual, but not overly hard. On the next aprch, they noticed the rt gear indicator was… - [NTSB CHI88LA204](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA204.md): Cessna 152 · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1988 · N94954 · Substantial damage > On landing the aircraft bounced resulting in a porpoise. The nose gear collapsed rendering substantial damage to the aircraft. - [NTSB SEA88LA146](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA146.md): Cessna 182 · Veradale, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1988 · N71035 · Destroyed > The pilot stated a high sink rate developed on final approach which he was unable to arrest with power. Acft landed hard and short, contacting a 3-FT berm at end of grass strip. During roll-out, flames were noted in aft cabin area. Occupants exited and acft… - [NTSB MIA88FA248](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA88FA248.md): Mooney M20G · Lantana, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1988 · N4103N · Substantial damage > Plt attempted to land with a left quartering tail wind. The aircraft landed hard and bounced several times. The plt initiated a go-around and during climbout from the go-around the pilot initiated a steep left turn with 30 to 40 degrees of bank and with a… - [NTSB CHI88LA194](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA194.md): Cessna 150K · Detroit, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1988 · N5796G · Substantial damage > Hard landing made by the student pilot resulting in a nose gear failure due to overload forces and the aircraft flipping over on its back. - [NTSB BFO88LA072](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO88LA072.md): Piper PA-30-160R · Chantilly, VA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 4, 1988 · N7866Y · Substantial damage > The instr & stu plt were doing a practice landing on rwy 27 at the front royal airport when the acft landed hard and bounced about 20 ft high. A go around was made, however, the landing gear would not retract. After two flyovers of the arpt it was confirmed… - [NTSB MIA88FA244](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA88FA244.md): Cessna 150M · Pahokee, FL · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1988 · N63354 · Destroyed > The acft crashed while the plt was attempting a touch and go landing at Pahokee airport, Pahokee FL. The plt stated that when he landed on runway 17, the acft bounced. As he was attempting a go around, he lost control. The acft stalled, broke left, and… - [NTSB CHI88LA189](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA189.md): Cessna 152 · Eau Claire, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1988 · N93411 · Substantial damage - [NTSB ANC88LA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC88LA102.md): Piper PA-18 · Valdez, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 1, 1988 · N8580D · Substantial damage > The private pilot was attempting to land at a remote beach site to join a pilot friend who had landed there earlier in his own airplane. The pilot on the beach had placed a sleeping bag and other items in a hole on the beach to mark it as a landing hazard.… - [NTSB CHI88LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA182.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Flint, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 31, 1988 · N2539G · Substantial damage > While on a solo instructional flight for the purpose of practicing takeoffs and landings, the student pilot executed a hard landing. The aircraft bounced; when it touched down again, the nose gear collapsed and the aircraft skidded to a stop on the runway. - [NTSB CHI88LA181](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA181.md): Cessna 152 · Belleville, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 31, 1988 · N69120 · Substantial damage > During a solo instructional flight for the purpose of practicing touch and gos, the student pilot experienced a loss of control when the aircraft bounced after a hard landing. The pilot failed to perform remedial action as the aircraft continued to porpoise… - [NTSB SEA88LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA141.md): Cessna 152 · Ft. Lewis, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1988 · N24995 · Substantial damage > The pilot had just received his fixed wing rating. The pilot stated that he made a hard landing. The aircraft then began to porpoise. On the third bounce the nosegear failed and the aircraft departed the runway. As the aircraft came to rest a small fire… - [NTSB CHI88FA177](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88FA177.md): Quickie Q-2 · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1988 · N48BH · Substantial damage > The plt was on a flt to Oshkosh to an eaa convention. When he arrived, traffic was hvy & special traffic procedures were in effect. Info to attendees (before the convention) advertised that the north/south rwys would be used primarily for display acft & the… - [NTSB CHI88LA175](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA175.md): Beech 35R · Manito, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1988 · N3016V · Substantial damage > Drg arrival, the plt experienced an electrical prblm with the landing gear & had to use manual extension procedures. He stated that when he selected the flaps for landing, he heard the motor run, but did not visually check that the flaps were extended. Just… - [NTSB LAX88LA270](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX88LA270.md): Cessna 152 · Bakersfield, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1988 · N68342 · Substantial damage > The student plt rprtd that drg a lndg on a solo instructional flt, his final apch was a little fast. Drg the lndg, the airplane began to porpoise. However, before the student regained control, the nose gear collapsed. - [NTSB DEN88LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN88LA174.md): Cessna 172M · Gillette, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1988 · N5266J · Substantial damage > The student plt was completing his first solo x-country flt. During touchdown, the airplane bounced and began to porpoise. On the third bounce, the nose wheel fork failed. Subsequently, the acft turned 180 deg to the left & came to rest on the left side of… - [NTSB DEN88LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN88LA166.md): Krall Dragonfly · Mitchell, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1988 · N42JK · Substantial damage > Drg the 1st attempt to land, the acft bounced several times, then the plt made a go-around. On the 2nd attempt, the acft bounced again & began to porpoise. A witness heard the eng RPM increase to 'what sounded like full power.' The acft lifted off, but… - [NTSB CHI88LA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA172.md): Aeronca 7AC · Greenfield, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1988 · N83430 · Substantial damage > During a dual instructional flight for purpose of practicing landings in a conventional gear aircraft, the student pilot abruptly nosed the aircraft toward the turf runway. The instructor pilot did not take remedial action and the aircraft struck the ground,… - [NTSB NYC88LA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC88LA172.md): Cessna 150 · Massena, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 18, 1988 · N704HT · Substantial damage > The student pilot on a crosscountry flight to Massena, new york stated that during the landing approach he felt that he was too low and when he tried to correct, the aircraft bounced. On the second touchdown the nose gear collapsed and the aircraft slid off… - [NTSB ANC88DAG06](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC88DAG06.md): Air Command 532 Elite · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 18, 1988 · N1925 · Substantial damage > During landing approach an excessive rate of descent developed very near the runway. The gyroplane landed hard. After the hard landing the pilot reported that he pulled the control column to its aft position abruptly. The small tail wheel struck the runway… - [NTSB MIA88LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA88LA222.md): Cessna 150G · Keystone Height, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 1988 · N3983J · Substantial damage > While on a personal flt during the seventh touch & go landing, the acft bounced & drifted off the left side of the rwy. The plt added power & rolled the acft into a right bank to correct this but the right wing collided with terrain. The acft then nosed over… - [NTSB BFO88LA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO88LA066.md): Balloon Works AX-8 · Purcellville, VA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 10, 1988 · N7108 · Minor damage > The pilot landed the hot air Balloon at an excessive descent rate which resulted in a hard landing. Wind gust are a contributing factor. - [NTSB SEA88LA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA88LA124.md): Cessna 152 · Roche Harbor, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 8, 1988 · N4590P · Substantial damage > Plt was attempting no flap landing on down-sloping narrow runway in variable and gusty wind conds. Hard landing resulted in departure from hard surface, encounter with parallel ditch and rock, and noseover. - [NTSB CHI88LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA154.md): Mooney M20J · Thief Rvr Falls, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1988 · N11652 · Substantial damage - [NTSB BFO88LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO88LA064.md): Hughes 369D · Clarksburg, WV · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1988 · N32CT · Substantial damage > The student and instructor practiced several maneuvers. At the time of the accident they were doing straight-in landings. The student did one landing after a demo by the instructor. The student was doing his second landing which the instructor described as… - [NTSB NYC88LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC88LA176.md): Lake LA-4 · Linden, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 1988 · N6655L · Substantial damage > Hard landing due to improper level off of the student and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision. The left wing partially failed because of overload and the aircraft made a forced landing in a swamp. - [NTSB CHI88LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88LA152.md): Cessna 172M · Breckenridge, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 1988 · N20058 · Substantial damage > The student pilot was attempting to land on the private airstrip when the aircraft touched down hard on the runway. The aircraft bounced back up into the air. The pilot was unable to maintain control of the aircraft and upon impacting back onto the runway the… - [NTSB DEN88LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN88LA144.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Colorado Spring, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 3, 1988 · N4878S · Substantial damage > The plt and pax departed st. louis and stopped twice enroute due to wx. The plt was given landing clearance on rwy 17 at Colorado springs and the wind was reported to be from 190 degrees at 12 KTS. Witnesses at the arpt stated N4878S 'porpoised' several times… - [NTSB CHI88DEC04](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI88DEC04.md): Perkins Dragonfly · Fowlerville, MI · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 2, 1988 · N192AP · Substantial damage > The pilot failed to maintain positive control of his homebuilt aircraft by taking appropriate actions for recovery from the bounced landing. The aircraft contacted the ground abruptly on the third bounce and the upper wing spar failed. The pilot's lack of… - [NTSB ANC88LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC88LA079.md): Piper PA-32 · Hooper Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 1, 1988 · N15268 · Substantial damage > The commercially certificated pilot was attempting to land in winds estimated as 30 knots gusting to 40. He reportedly hit a downdraft just piror to landing and had a harder than normal touchdown. During the later stages of the landing roll-out, he applied… Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=200&page=43 ## The whole list in SQL Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS: ```sql SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1 WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200) ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC ``` This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&page=42 --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.