# NTSB investigations, MI: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 3 · 104 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB CHI07CA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI07CA294.md): Cessna 172M · Pontiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 5, 2007 · N73455 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudgment of the landing flare and her improper recovery from the bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI07CA245](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI07CA245.md): Cessna 172N · New Hudson, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 29, 2007 · N222UN · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper flare, which resulted in a hard landing. An additional cause was the pilot's inadequate recovery from a bounced landing. Factors in the accident include the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll…
- [NTSB CHI07CA100](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI07CA100.md): Cessna 210N · Charlotte, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Apr 11, 2007 · N77RE · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions, inadequate landing flare, failure to maintain directional control, and encounter with a pilot-induced oscillation (porpoise. A contributing factor was the wind gust.
- [NTSB CHI06CA274](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI06CA274.md): Beech B19 · Pontiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 29, 2006 · N1949W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to perform a go-around when he noticed the airplane was not on a stabilized final approach. Contributing factors to the accident were the hard landing, the subsequent pilot-induced oscillation (porpoise) which resulted in the collapse of…
- [NTSB CHI06CA226](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI06CA226.md): Flight Design Ctsw · Hillsdale, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 10, 2006 · N109CT · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged flare which resulted in the hard landing and his improper recovery from the bounced landing which resulted in the overload failure of the nose landing gear and subsequent nose over. The overload failure of the nose landing gear was a…
- [NTSB CHI06LA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI06LA149.md): Beech A23 · Troy, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 28, 2006 · N8776M · Substantial damage
  > The improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing by the unknown pilot.
- [NTSB CHI06CA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI06CA009.md): Cessna U206G · Hanover, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Oct 14, 2005 · N5227X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged the landing flare which resulted in the bounced landing and subsequent overload failure of the nose landing gear wheel. A factor associated with the accident was the grass airstrip.
- [NTSB CHI05CA265](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI05CA265.md): Aviat A-1B · Drummond Island, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Sep 11, 2005 · N7QR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to adequately compensate for the wind conditions, his failure to perform a go-around, and he flared improperly. Factors included the downdraft and the shoreline.
- [NTSB CHI05CA247](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI05CA247.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Ypsilanti, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 28, 2005 · N8103V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed which resulted in his inability to properly flare the airplane and the subsequent hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI05LA227](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI05LA227.md): Cessna 172S · Zeeland, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 11, 2005 · N632FA · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate flare by the pilot during landing.
- [NTSB CHI05CA124](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI05CA124.md): Cessna 172S · Port Huron, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · May 21, 2005 · N860SA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot not performing a go-around and misjudging the flare leading to a hard landing.
- [NTSB CHI05CA060](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI05CA060.md): Cessna 172RG · Berrien Springs, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Feb 1, 2005 · N9515B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot not maintaining airspeed leading to an excessive sink rate during a simulated emergency landing after takeoff. An additional cause was the certified flight instructor's inadequate supervision.
- [NTSB CHI04CA233](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04CA233.md): Eurocopter AS 350 B2 · New Hudson, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Aug 17, 2004 · N631SD · Substantial damage
  > The autorotation performed by the dual student and the delayed remedial action by the certified flight instructor.
- [NTSB CHI04LA232](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA232.md): Cessna 182S · Eastport, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 2004 · N537CR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging the landing flare resulting in the hard landing and his unsuccessful remedial action following the bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI04CA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04CA166.md): Beech 23 · Saginaw, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jun 26, 2004 · N23342 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and his inadequate recovery from the bounced landing. The wind gusts and the runway sign were factors.
- [NTSB CHI03LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA294.md): Cessna 152 · Pontiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 2003 · N757GL · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's inadequate recovery from the bounced landing. Factors contributing to the accident were the variable crosswind, the misjudged flare that resulted in the bounced landing and the subsequent collapse of the nose landing gear.
- [NTSB CHI03LA233](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA233.md): Cessna 152 · Brooklyn, MI · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 2003 · N910MF · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point, and his failure to maintain control of the airplane.
- [NTSB CHI03LA231](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA231.md): Cessna 182H · New Era, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 2003 · N460JH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged flare which led to a hard landing and subsequent collapse of the landing gear.
- [NTSB CHI03LA279](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA279.md): Piper PA-34-220T · Port Huron, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 16, 2003 · N5359J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging the flare during landing, and his inadequate remedial action resulting in the inadvertent porpoise of the airplane.
- [NTSB CHI03LA208](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA208.md): Cameron Balloons O-77 · Battle Creek, MI · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 4, 2003 · N8085G · No damage
  > The pilot's excessive descent rate. Factors to the accident were the trees lining the landing area.
- [NTSB CHI03LA140](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA140.md): Cessna 172M · Midland, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 27, 2003 · N61635 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjugded the flare and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI03LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA050.md): Cessna 152 · Traverse City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 8, 2003 · N757LE · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper rerecovery from a bounced landing and his improper flare. Factors were the gusting crosswinds, the misjudged flare and the collapse of the nose landing gear.
- [NTSB CHI02LA291](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI02LA291.md): Cessna 172S · Boyne Falls, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 2002 · N784SA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare during landing.
- [NTSB CHI02CA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI02CA182.md): Beech A-23-23 · Monroe, MI · Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report · Jul 4, 2002 · N3545R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging the flare, and his loss of directional control during landing. The soft terrain was a factor.
- [NTSB CHI02LA171](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI02LA171.md): Hulle Horizon 1 · Niles, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 19, 2002 · N816DJ · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's lack of experience in tailwheel airplanes.
- [NTSB CHI01LA280](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI01LA280.md): Cessna 182A · Grosse Ile, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 2001 · N4080D · Substantial damage
  > Both the CFI and the student pilot on board improperly flared the airplane and the CFI's failure to perform remedial action during the landing.
- [NTSB CHI00LA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI00LA242.md): Cessna 172R · Luzerne, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 5, 2000 · N395ES · Substantial damage
  > the misjudged flare and porpoise encountered during landing by the pilot. A factor to the accident was the collapse of the nose gear.
- [NTSB CHI99LA354](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA354.md): Cessna 150L · Midland, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1999 · N1316Q · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during an attempted go-around.
- [NTSB CHI99LA251](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA251.md): Cessna 180 · Frankfort, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1999 · N9330C · Substantial damage
  > the inadequate flare and the go-around not performed by the pilot.
- [NTSB CHI99LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA103.md): Cessna 172R · Battle Creek, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 10, 1999 · N983AV · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare and failure to maintain directional control. Related factors were the snowbank and lack of total experience.
- [NTSB CHI98LA340](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA340.md): Cessna 172N · Traverse City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1998 · N6172D · Substantial damage
  > the inadvertent stall/mush. Factors contributing to this accident were the pilot's improper compensation for the wind conditions, and his excessively high flare.
- [NTSB CHI98LA194](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA194.md): Leone Smith Mini Plane · Northport, MI · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 9, 1998 · N5281U · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's not maintaining airspeed, and his lack of total experience in this type of aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI98LA078](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA078.md): Cessna 150J · Gaylord, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 1998 · N51258 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudging the flare leading to a hard landing, and the kit manufacturer's (Supplemental Type Certificate holder's) inadequate design leading to a corrosion stress fracture of the landing gear attachment. A factor was the landing gear attachment…
- [NTSB CHI97LA289](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA289.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Grant, MI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1997 · N6391R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's fixation on the end of the runway, his failure to place the airplane in an attitude to land (flare) which resulted in a hard landing, and the pilot's failure to recover from the subsequent bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI97LA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA206.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Mackinac Island, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1997 · N56676 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing. Turbulence on short final was a related factor.
- [NTSB CHI97LA079](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA079.md): Bellanca 17-30A · Monroe, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 6, 1997 · N8782V · Substantial damage
  > the pilot failed to maintain directional control of the aircraft during landing. Factors included the inadequate compensation for the crosswind conditions, the crosswind, and gusts.
- [NTSB CHI96LA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA183.md): Cessna 152 · Troy, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 30, 1996 · N49459 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane while recovering from a bounced landing. Factors associated with the accident were the misjudged landing flare and the raised taxiway edge which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB CHI96LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA159.md): Cessna 140 · Brooklyn, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 13, 1996 · N89207 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper use of brakes during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, and the soft runway condition.
- [NTSB CHI96LA131](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA131.md): Beech A23A · Saginaw, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1996 · N3613Q · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI96LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA042.md): Cessna T337G · Pontiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1995 · N6CX · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper level-off and improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI96LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA028.md): Cessna 421 · Romeo, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 12, 1995 · N1588G · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain sufficient airspeed during landing, causing the inadvertent stall. A factor was the icing conditions.
- [NTSB CHI95LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA294.md): Cessna 152 · Ypsilanti, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1995 · N94891 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot misjudged the flare. Lack of total experience was a factor.
- [NTSB CHI94LA267](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA267.md): De Havilland Tiger Moth DH-82A · Interlochen, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1994 · N38KH · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to obtain the proper climb rate, and inadequate compensation for wind conditions.
- [NTSB CHI94LA213](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA213.md): Beech 19 · Ionia, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 30, 1994 · N6966Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper use of the throttle control. A factor related to the accident was the improper flare.
- [NTSB CHI94LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA165.md): Burkhart Grob BG 103 · Ionia, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1994 · N140BG · Substantial damage
  > a hard landing as a result of the early disconnect of the glider launch/tow equipment.
- [NTSB CHI93LA321](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA321.md): R.D. Bell/Pietenpol Aircamper · Pontiac, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 12, 1993 · N194BB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot in command not maintaining a proper descent rate during the final approach and landing flare phase of flight.
- [NTSB CHI93LA308](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA308.md): Beech 19A · Ludington, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 6, 1993 · N5072T · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudged landing flare.
- [NTSB CHI93LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA301.md): Cessna 180 · Naubinway, MI · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 1, 1993 · CFPTU · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare for landing. Factors associated with the accident are the low clouds and fog, the rough water at the landing site, and the pilot's continued flight into known adverse weather.
- [NTSB CHI93LA277](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA277.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Flushing, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1993 · N9307N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning for determining the proper takeoff profile. A factor in the accident was the high density altitude.
- [NTSB CHI93LA317](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA317.md): Cessna 182M · Ironwood, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 21, 1993 · N91705 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare for landing.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?state=MI&occurrence=200&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventStateOrRegion" = 'MI' AND c."eventCountry" = 'USA'
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&state=MI

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