# NTSB investigations, 1994: Hard landing

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 1 of 3 · 102 cases

## Latest cases

- [NTSB ANC95LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA018.md): Piper PA-18 · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 12, 1994 · N717DR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's misjudged landing flare.
- [NTSB LAX95LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA039.md): Robinson R-22B · Honolulu, HI · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1994 · N31MK · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper use of the collective and throttle controls and his failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm during a practice autorotation.
- [NTSB CHI95LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA043.md): Piper PA-44 · Thief Rvr Falls, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 22, 1994 · N853ND · Substantial damage
  > the flight instructor's delayed remedial action during a simulated forced landing. A factor in the accident is the student pilot's improper landing flare.
- [NTSB ATL95LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA015.md): Piper PA-601P · Luray, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 17, 1994 · N22ML · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC95LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA025.md): Lee Pazmany PL-4A · Orange, MA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 13, 1994 · N337RL · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing, collapse of the main gear, and inflight collision with the ground.
- [NTSB FTW95LA046](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA046.md): Raven S100A · Las Vegas, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 6, 1994 · N54693 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision. A factor related to the accident was: the high wind condition.
- [NTSB ANC95FA008](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95FA008.md): Mcdonnell Douglas MD-11/F · Anchorage, AK · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1994 · N611FE · Substantial damage
  > The flight crew's improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors associated with the accident are the first officer's lack of familiarity with the airplane, his failure to stabilize the approach, and the captain's delayed remedial action.
- [NTSB NYC95LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA026.md): Balloon Works Firefly 7 · Nashua, NH · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 1994 · N4070S · No damage
  > The pilot's improper touchdown which resulted in a rollover.
- [NTSB FTW95LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95LA036.md): Cessna 172P · Colorado Spgs, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 29, 1994 · N52521 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare, the resultant porpoise and an inadequate recovery from the bounced landing.
- [NTSB LAX95LA026](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX95LA026.md): Cessna 152 · La Verne, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 27, 1994 · N64851 · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's poor recovery from a bounced landing and improper use of the elevator control. The lack of total experience is a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB MIA95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA005.md): Cessna 172F · Indiantown, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1994 · N5415R · Substantial damage
  > The improper landing flare by the pilot resulting in the hard landing.
- [NTSB NYC95LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA005.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Grt Barrington, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 7, 1994 · N44794 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare during landing, which resulted in a hard landing and the subsequent collapsed landing gear. A factor in this accident was the pilot's lack of total recent flying experience and recent experience in make and model.
- [NTSB FTW94LA314](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA314.md): Cessna 182N · Cortez, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 28, 1994 · N9ZG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI94LA347](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA347.md): Maule MX-7-235 · Washburn, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 1994 · N6119Q · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain sufficient airspeed during the landing flare. Factors associated with the accident were the poorly planned approach and the soft terrain.
- [NTSB NYC94LA182](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA182.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Buffalo, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 1994 · N3024M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor is the pilot's improper landing flare.
- [NTSB ATL94LA176](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA176.md): Mooney M20J · Chamblee, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 22, 1994 · N97136 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare that resulted a in hard landing, followed by his improper recovery from a bounced landing, and his failure to maintain directional control during the attempted go- around.
- [NTSB LAX94LA370](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA370.md): James B. Edwards Cozy · Skull Valley, AZ · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1994 · N151JE · Destroyed
  > The pilot's poorly planned approach by failing to maintain the proper airspeed and alignment. The pilot's total expereince, and lack of experience in the airplane make and model were factors in this accident.
- [NTSB SEA94LA243](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA243.md): Cessna 172N · Orcas, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 18, 1994 · N738ET · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper landing flare.
- [NTSB SEA94LA241](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA241.md): Oestreich Avid Flyer MK IV · Moses Lake, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 18, 1994 · N1280D · Substantial damage
  > Proper descent rate was exceeded. Lack of total experience in type operation was a factor.
- [NTSB LAX94LA378](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA378.md): Quickie-Myers Q2 · Van Nuys, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1994 · N813S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's inadequate landing flare, which resulted in a hard touchdown and buckling of the canard.
- [NTSB CHI94LA338](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA338.md): Cessna 172 · Mora, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1994 · N8064B · Substantial damage
  > was an improper touchdown by the pilot-in-command. Factor's associated with this accident were the pilot's diverted attention due to his perception of a crosswind condition and the pilot not performing a recovery from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI94LA335](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA335.md): Piper PA-28-161 · W. Lafayette, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1994 · N523PU · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper level-off and recovery from a bounced landing. A factor in the accident was the pilot's lack of training for recovery from bounced landings and/or aborted takeoffs.
- [NTSB FTW94LA296](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA296.md): Hiller UH-12E · Grand Junction, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1994 · N12RF · Substantial damage
  > Improper remedial action in correcting for excessive speed and sink rate during an autorotation. Factors were: high density altitude, excessive airspeed and sink rate.
- [NTSB ANC94LA135](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA135.md): Piper PA-12 · Nondalton, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 8, 1994 · N3363M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper flare during the landing touchdown. The pilot's lack of familiarity with the aircraft make and model was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB CHI94LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA316.md): Schweizer 269C · Grand Forks, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 7, 1994 · N61245 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot-in-command's (CFI) delayed recovery from a practice autorotation. A factor associated with the accident was the student pilot's improper autorotation.
- [NTSB FTW94LA292](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA292.md): Bellanca 7GCBC · Elbert, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 5, 1994 · N8843 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the winds. A factor was the unfavorable variable winds.
- [NTSB NYC94LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA169.md): Donald E. Kovol Quickie 2 · Akron, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1994 · N4327V · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed which resulted in an inadequate flare and a hard landing. A factor was the pilot's lack of experience in the airplane.
- [NTSB CHI94LA312](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA312.md): Cessna 172 · Milwaukee, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1994 · N9955V · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper flare during touchdown. A factor in the accident was the rupture of the nose landing gear tire.
- [NTSB MIA94LA205](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA205.md): Cessna 172N · Orlando, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1994 · N734QA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper landing flare/touchdown, resulting in a hard landing, and subsequent separation of the nose gear.
- [NTSB FTW94LA291](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA291.md): Bell 206-L4 · Hurst, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1994 · N2064J · Substantial damage
  > The certificated flight instructor's inadequate supervision. A factor was the pilot's failure to maintain proper landing alignment.
- [NTSB CHI94LA309](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA309.md): Balloon Works Fire FLY 7-15 · Storm Lake, IA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 2, 1994 · N2597S · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's excessive rate of descent to landing. Factors in the accident were the gusts and downdraft.
- [NTSB ATL94LA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA167.md): Cessna 152 · W. Columbia, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 27, 1994 · N94194 · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to properly flare the aircraft, resulting in a hard landing.
- [NTSB MIA94LA201](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA201.md): Mankovich Parakeet · Fernandina Bch, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1994 · N163MS · Substantial damage
  > The improper flare by the pilot-in-command resulting in the hard landing, and the pilot's failure to perform a recovery from the bounced landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of total time in this type airplane.
- [NTSB LAX94LA337](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA337.md): Balloon Works Firefly 8-24 · Sedona, AZ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1994 · N90299 · No damage
  > a tip over of the balloon and basket during a high wind landing due to the pilot's inability to compensate for the increased wind speed conditions during the final stages of the flight and landing.
- [NTSB CHI94MA290](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94MA290.md): McDonnell Douglas MD-11F · Chicago, IL · Accident · No injuries · Major investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1994 · IDUPO · Substantial damage
  > The first officer's improper flare and improper use of flight controls during the landing flare/touchdown.
- [NTSB ANC94LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA139.md): Cessna 182B · Ketchikan, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1994 · N2791G · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during a hard landing. The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing and a downdraft were factors in the accident.
- [NTSB CHI94LA287](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA287.md): Hughes 369HS · Custer, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 18, 1994 · N74AW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain on which to perform an autorotation. A factor in this accident was the hidden obstruction.
- [NTSB LAX94LA321](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA321.md): Cessna 172P · Scottsdale, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 14, 1994 · N98909 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudging the flare altitude and failing to maintain adequate airspeed resulting in an inadvertent stall and hard landing. The pilot's lack of total time in the airplane is a factor in this accident.
- [NTSB LAX94LA311](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA311.md): Aerospatiale SA316B · Stateline, NV · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 10, 1994 · N981CF · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain the proper rate of descent during the vertical descent into the landing zone, which resulted in a hard landing. Factors in the accident were high density altitude and dark night light conditions.
- [NTSB CHI94LA267](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA267.md): De Havilland Tiger Moth DH-82A · Interlochen, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1994 · N38KH · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to obtain the proper climb rate, and inadequate compensation for wind conditions.
- [NTSB CHI94LA261](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA261.md): Cessna 172 · Aberdeen, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 2, 1994 · N35790 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing. A related factor is the dark night conditions.
- [NTSB LAX94LA305](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA305.md): Cessna 172N · Cameron Park, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 30, 1994 · N739RF · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper use of the elevator control during the landing flare.
- [NTSB MIA94LA186](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA186.md): Cessna 152 · Palatka, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1994 · N757GD · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's improper landing flare and failure to properly recover from a bounced landing.
- [NTSB CHI94LA250](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA250.md): Cessna 421C · Oshkosh, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 29, 1994 · N819RA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot-in-command's misjudging the flare and his failure to maintain airspeed.
- [NTSB NYC94LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA136.md): Piper PA-34-200T · Lumberton, NJ · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 25, 1994 · N40996 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's (1) improper recovery from a bounced landing and (2) failure to maintain directional control during an aborted landing. A factor is the pilot's improper landing flare.
- [NTSB SEA94LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA191.md): Avian Magnum 9 · Pasco, WA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 22, 1994 · N50257 · No damage
  > A physical impairment that reduced the passenger's ability to hold on to the basket during the hard landing. Factors include an excessive rate of descent at touchdown.
- [NTSB ATL94LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA151.md): Piper PA-23-160 · Columbus, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 20, 1994 · N4482P · Substantial damage
  > The dual student's failure to properly flare the aircraft during the landing. Factors were the dusk light conditions, and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the dual student.
- [NTSB SEA94LA184](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA184.md): Black RV-4 · Twisp, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1994 · N144US · Substantial damage
  > Proper descent rate was not maintained during approach.
- [NTSB CHI94LA231](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA231.md): Cessna 150 · Alton, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 17, 1994 · N3639V · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. A factor associated with the accident is the student pilot's misjudged landing flare.
- [NTSB LAX94LA291](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA291.md): Cessna 152 · Livermore, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 12, 1994 · N5351L · Substantial damage
  > the student's misjudged landing flare and improper bounced landing recovery.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?year=1994&occurrence=200&page=2

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1994
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&year=1994

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