# NTSB investigations, 1998: Hard landing NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports. Page 1 of 3 · 111 cases ## Latest cases - [NTSB ATL99LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA036.md): Bell 47G-3B-2 · Murfreesboro, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 30, 1998 · N123NM · Substantial damage > The pilot's inadequate flare and his diverted attention, which resulted in a hard landing. - [NTSB CHI99LA054](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA054.md): Cessna 152 · Urbana, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 27, 1998 · N5527L · Substantial damage > the student pilot not maintaining the proper descent rate on final approach, and the certified flight instructor's delayed remedial action. - [NTSB SEA99LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA99LA023.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Bellingham, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 20, 1998 · CGHFD · Substantial damage > A hard landing due to the pilot's failure to maintain a proper descent rate. Factors include gusts and turbulence. - [NTSB LAX99LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA055.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Big Bear, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 18, 1998 · N5413S · Substantial damage > The pilot's misjudged landing flare, which lead to an inadvertent stall/mush 10 feet above the ground. - [NTSB FTW99LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW99LA053.md): Dennis Pointer KR-2 · Denton, TX · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 16, 1998 · N202DP · Substantial damage > The pilot's loss of control as result of his improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB DEN99LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA025.md): Cessna 182RG · Glenwood Spring, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 13, 1998 · N9854C · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A contributing factor is his inadequate recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB MIA99LA062](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA062.md): Beech C-45G · Charlotte Amali · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 11, 1998 · N555NJ · Substantial damage > The inadequate flare by the pilot-in-command resulting in a hard landing on the nose landing gear causing it to collapse. - [NTSB CHI99LA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA041.md): Piper PA-28-R200 · Eden Prairie, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1998 · N2988R · Substantial damage > the pilot misjudged the flare and did not maintain directional control during touchdown. A factor was the VASI lights. - [NTSB CHI99LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA039.md): Cessna 172N · Evansville, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1998 · N739LK · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB CHI99LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA035.md): Cessna 150 · Alliance, NE · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 23, 1998 · N22269 · Destroyed > Was the late flare and stall by the student pilot and improper remedial actions by the student pilot. - [NTSB LAX99LA042](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA042.md): Martin Stoddard Hamilton II · Georgetown, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 21, 1998 · N658PM · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare. Also causal was the flight instructor's inadequate supervision. - [NTSB MIA99LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA035.md): Cessna 182C · St. Petersburg, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 20, 1998 · N8620T · Substantial damage > the pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in a hard land and subsequent damage to the airplane. - [NTSB ATL99LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA018.md): Cessna 182Q · Hickory, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 15, 1998 · N759LH · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to properly recover from a bounced landing. - [NTSB CHI99LA030](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA030.md): Cessna 172C · Falls City, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 14, 1998 · N1806Y · Substantial damage > the flight instructor (on the ground)'s conducting inadequate initial training of the student pilot. Factors were the student pilot's misjudging the flare and his lack of total experience in the type of operation. - [NTSB ATL99LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL99LA022.md): Cessna 150 · Winnsboro, SC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 6, 1998 · N330JC · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper landing flare that resulted in overload damage to the nose wheel assembly. - [NTSB CHI99LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA025.md): Cessna 150M · Warrensburg, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 5, 1998 · N704LV · Substantial damage > the student pilot's inadequate flare and his failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors associated with the accident were, the student's lack of total experience and the dirt bank which was contacted. - [NTSB MIA99LA021](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA021.md): Cessna 150F · Winter Haven, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 31, 1998 · N6679F · Substantial damage > The student pilot's improper landing flare resulting in a hard landing and ground loop. - [NTSB NYC99LA018](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA018.md): Aero Commander AC-100 · Bridgeton, NJ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 26, 1998 · N5546M · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to properly flare the airplane at touchdown. - [NTSB NYC99LA016](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA016.md): Piper PA-34-200 · Oneonta, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 25, 1998 · N55697 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing. A factor in the accident was the crosswind condition. - [NTSB NYC99LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC99LA017.md): Burkhart Grob G103-TWINA · Saratoga Spring, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 24, 1998 · N4446T · Substantial damage > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the glider while landing. - [NTSB IAD99LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD99LA009.md): Cessna 150L · Clinton, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 11, 1998 · N11951 · Destroyed > The student pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB DEN99LA010](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA010.md): Aerostar RXS8 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 10, 1998 · N9105Z · No damage > The high wind condition and the pilot's subsequent intentional hard touchdown. A factor was the small landing area that was available to the pilot. - [NTSB DEN99LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA006.md): Balloon Works FIREFLY-7 · Alberquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1998 · N36609 · No damage > The passenger's failure to follow procedures/directives for a hard landing. A factor was the congested/confined landing area with power lines on both ends. - [NTSB DEN99LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA023.md): Balloon Works Firefly 8B-15 · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1998 · N3290G · No damage > The passenger not following high wind landing procedures/directives which were given to her by the pilot. A factor was the unforecasted high wind condition. - [NTSB CHI99LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA002.md): Cessna C-336 · Sheboygan, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 4, 1998 · N3884U · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB DEN99LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA005.md): Piper PA-28RT-201T · Albuquerque, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 3, 1998 · N8182J · Substantial damage > The premature flaring of the airplane, resulting in an inadvertent stall. - [NTSB MIA99LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA001.md): Cessna 172N · Venice, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1998 · N733HK · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB FTW98LA417](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA417.md): Cessna 172N · Gallup, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 29, 1998 · N739JT · Substantial damage > The pilot's inadequate landing flare. Factors were his misjudgement of altitude and his excessive airspeed. - [NTSB LAX98LA307](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA307.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Merced, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 26, 1998 · N9085J · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and his failure to adequately compensate for the existing crosswind conditions and maintain airplane control during landing. - [NTSB IAD98LA112](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA112.md): Cessna 152 · Oxford, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 26, 1998 · N89644 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and inadequate recovery from a bounced landing. A factor was the pilot's lack of experience. - [NTSB IAD98LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA111.md): Cessna 152 · Danbury, CT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 1998 · N94784 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB LAX98LA304](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA304.md): Boeing 369E · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 1998 · N685F · Substantial damage > A hard landing caused by the pilot's improper flare during a simulated autorotatative landing. A factor in the accident was the soft wet sod landing area. - [NTSB LAX98LA301](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA301.md): Cessna 172F · Long Beach, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1998 · N8761U · Substantial damage > The pilot's misjudging the flare point and failure to maintain an adequate airspeed margin, which resulted in a stall/mush and hard landing. A contributing factor was the dark night conditions. - [NTSB FTW98LA403](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA403.md): Cessna 150M · Yukon, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 20, 1998 · N6107K · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing and her improper recovery procedures for a bounced landing. - [NTSB NYC98LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC98LA190.md): Cessna 172 · Stow, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 19, 1998 · N1729V · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. Contributing factors were the pilot's lack of a single engine experience/certification. Also a factor was the flying club's inadequate oversight of pilot qualifications. - [NTSB LAX98LA298](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA298.md): Aero Vodochody Aero. Works L-39 · Mesa, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 19, 1998 · N44529 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper flare and his failure to follow the proper procedures for the aircraft and to maintain control of the aircraft. - [NTSB LAX98LA291](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA291.md): Cessna T210R · Buckeye, AZ · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 11, 1998 · N6153U · Substantial damage > the pilot's delayed response in recovering from a bounced landing combined with his delayed decision to abort the landing. The pilot's inadequate compensation for tailwind conditions and inadvertently raising the flaps to 10 degrees were factors in this… - [NTSB ANC98LA150](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA150.md): Cessna 207A · Hughes, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 10, 1998 · N7380U · Substantial damage > The pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions, and an inadvertent stall. A factor in the accident was the presence of a tail wind. - [NTSB LAX98LA294](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA294.md): Cessna 172L · Bakersfield, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 6, 1998 · N19770 · Substantial damage > The pilot's misjudged landing flare that led to an improper bounced landing recovery and subsequent uncontrolled porpoise. - [NTSB MIA98LA236](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA236.md): Hall Revolution Mini 500 · Hattiesburg, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1998 · N9GH · Substantial damage > The failure of the pilot to maintain main rotor rpm during a forward hover and the cyclic grip separating during the resultant bounced landing resulting in the pilot losing cyclic control and the main rotor contacting the tail boom. A factor in the accident… - [NTSB MIA98LA257](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA257.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Opa Locka, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 28, 1998 · N44295 · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper remedial action in recovering from a bounced landing resulting in a stall, and his incorrect recovery from a pilot induced oscillation (PIO) condition. A factor was the pilot's failure to execute a timely go-around maneuver. - [NTSB CHI98LA327](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA327.md): Cessna 310B · Breezy Point, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1998 · N310X · Substantial damage > the pilot's improper flare of the airplane, and his not maintaining control of the airplane. - [NTSB IAD98LA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA098.md): Cessna 150L · Cumberland, MD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1998 · N7513G · Substantial damage > The pilot in command's improper recovery from a bounced landing. - [NTSB LAX98LA274](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA274.md): Robinson R22B · Ramona, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 21, 1998 · N2335Q · Substantial damage > The failure of the pilot to maintain rotor rpm while practicing autorotations and subsequent hard landing and roll over. - [NTSB CHI98LA340](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA340.md): Cessna 172N · Traverse City, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1998 · N6172D · Substantial damage > the inadvertent stall/mush. Factors contributing to this accident were the pilot's improper compensation for the wind conditions, and his excessively high flare. - [NTSB ATL98LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA114.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Paris, TN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1998 · N9721D · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper landing flare that resulted in an overload failure of the left main landing gear. - [NTSB FTW98LA369](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA369.md): Piper PA-34-200T · Blanding, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1998 · N6935C · Substantial damage > The pilot's inadequate landing flare, causing components of the nose wheel landing gear to fracture. - [NTSB FTW98LA348](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA348.md): Cessna 172N · Broomfield, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1998 · N118FP · Substantial damage > The pilot's improper remedial action after making a hard landing and porpoising. A factor was his lack of total experience. - [NTSB FTW98LA346](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA346.md): Cessna 152 · Norman, OK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1998 · N93116 · Substantial damage > The student pilot's delayed landing flare resulting in a hard landing and his improper recovery procedures for a bounced landing. - [NTSB LAX98LA248](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA248.md): Beech C23 · Avalon, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 26, 1998 · N18961 · Destroyed > The failure of the pilot to maintain an adequate airspeed during the landing, which resulted in a stall/mush and hard landing. Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?year=1998&occurrence=200&page=2 ## The whole list in SQL Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS: ```sql SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1 WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1998 AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 200) ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC ``` This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=200&year=1998 --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.