# NTSB investigations: In flight collision with terrain/water

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 29 of 70 · 3,485 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB LAX94LA250](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA250.md): Cessna 172 · Suisun City, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 11, 1994 · N7112T · Destroyed
  > undetermined.
- [NTSB LAX94LA244](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA244.md): Balloon Works Firefly 8 · Acton, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1994 · N9084D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's improper in-flight planning and his misjudging the wind speed information. Contributing factors were the gusty winds and the lack of suitable terrain.
- [NTSB CHI94LA193](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA193.md): Air Tractor AT-301 · Levant, KS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 5, 1994 · N2344T · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate evaluation of weather conditions associated with known thunderstorm activity. Factors were the thunderstorm and downdrafts.
- [NTSB SEA94FA129](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94FA129.md): Cessna 182B · Rock Springs, WY · Accident · 3 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 28, 1994 · N2582G · Destroyed
  > An excessive descent rate in the turn from base to final. Factors include a dark night, high winds, and the pilot's fatigue from his flight and ground schedule the day of the accident.
- [NTSB FTW94FA183](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94FA183.md): Cessna 320E · Battle Mountain, NV · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 28, 1994 · N3472Q · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain terrain clearance while maneuvering during a low level aerial mapping flight. A factor was the box canyon.
- [NTSB SEA94FA123](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94FA123.md): Bellanca 8GCBC · Challis, ID · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 21, 1994 · N86980 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from terrain.
- [NTSB FTW94LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA174.md): Grumman G-164A · Stuttgart, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1994 · N9678 · Substantial damage
  > Was the pilots failure to maintain terrain clearance.
- [NTSB ATL94LA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA104.md): Grumman G-164B · Memphis, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 20, 1994 · N6816Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from the earthen dike during the swath run.
- [NTSB FTW94LA159](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA159.md): Ayres S2R-G6 · De Witt, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 16, 1994 · N448AT · Substantial damage
  > A stall/mush into terrain after the pilot inadvertently raised the flaps.
- [NTSB FTW94LA185](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA185.md): Cessna 195 · Ama, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 8, 1994 · N999V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain adequate airspeed above the aerodynamic stall speed.
- [NTSB LAX94FA212](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94FA212.md): Piper PA-28R-201T · La Verne, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · May 2, 1994 · N47628 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's selection of a flight route and en route descent altitude insufficient to maintain adequate terrain clearance. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the dark night light condition and the mountainous terrain.
- [NTSB SEA94FA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94FA111.md): Cessna TU206G · Gold Bar, WA · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 30, 1994 · N732JK · Substantial damage
  > Electrical system short. Factors to the accident were: mountainous terrain and procedures/directives not followed.
- [NTSB CHI94LA151](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA151.md): Aeronca 11 AC · Carmi, IL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 27, 1994 · N9167E · Substantial damage
  > poor preflight planning/preparation. Factors associated with the accident were the high vegetation (grass) and the ditch.
- [NTSB BFO94FA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94FA071.md): Bell 412/SP · Bluefield, VA · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 22, 1994 · N70AM · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to intercept the final approach course, and his improper execution of the instrument approach procedure. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the weather conditions, and the failure of the air traffic controller to adequately…
- [NTSB CHI94LA139](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA139.md): Cessna 172K · Howes, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 20, 1994 · N46474 · Substantial damage
  > The diverted attention of the pilot-in-command and his failure to maintain proper altitude.
- [NTSB MIA94LA120](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA120.md): Pitts S1-C · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1994 · N16LW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain proper runway alignment during a crosswind landing.
- [NTSB FTW94FA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94FA121.md): Air Tractor AT-502 · Hughes, AR · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Apr 13, 1994 · N9086V · Destroyed
  > Was the pilot's failure to maintain terrain clearance for undetermined reason.
- [NTSB FTW94LA118](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA118.md): Ayres S2R-T34 · Elaine, AR · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 5, 1994 · N3094F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain terrain clearance.
- [NTSB CHI94FA113](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94FA113.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Chesterfield, MO · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 23, 1994 · N3365R · Destroyed
  > suicide by the pilot.
- [NTSB ANC94GA041](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94GA041.md): Grumman G21A · Mt. Fairweather, Canada · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Mar 21, 1994 · N741 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper decision in attempting to outclimb the rising terrain with the existing airplane climb performance. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the pilot's inadequate preflight of the airplane, the over maximum gross weight of the…
- [NTSB LAX94FA171](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94FA171.md): Cessna 206 · Show Low, AZ · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 20, 1994 · N5222U · Destroyed
  > the pilot's intentional VFR flight into known adverse IMC weather conditions. Inadequate preflight planning, dark night operations, and weather conditions that included low ceilings and mountain obscuration were factors in the accident.
- [NTSB FTW94LA103](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA103.md): Piper PA-28-140B · Montrose, CO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 17, 1994 · CGUFK · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance.
- [NTSB FTW94FA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94FA101.md): Cessna 172RG · Dulce, NM · Accident · 4 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 16, 1994 · N4663V · Destroyed
  > Failure by the pilot in command to properly plan the flight and calculate performance data.
- [NTSB FTW94FA104](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94FA104.md): Beech 95-B55B · Battlement Mesa, CO · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1994 · N9HC · Destroyed
  > Impaired judgement and performance of the pilot by flying while under the influence of alcohol that resulted in his failure to maintain clearance (or altitude) from terrain, while flying at night.
- [NTSB CHI94LA106](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA106.md): Grumman G-164A · Sublette, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 15, 1994 · N9686 · Substantial damage
  > the commercial pilot's failure to maintain clearance from terrain. Related factors are sun glare and rising terrain.
- [NTSB LAX94LA160](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA160.md): American Champion 8KCAB · Marana, AZ · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 12, 1994 · N189AC · Destroyed
  > The pilot's delayed pullout from a vertical aerobatic maneuver for undetermined reasons.
- [NTSB ANC94LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC94LA039.md): Cessna 170B · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 7, 1994 · N4310B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper inflight decision making. Factors contributing to the accident were the mountainous terrain and the downdraft weather conditions.
- [NTSB LAX94FA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94FA149.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Frazier Park, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Mar 4, 1994 · N78DE · Destroyed
  > the pilot's failure to select a cruise altitude which would ensure adequate terrain clearance. Contributing factors related to the dark, nighttime condition and to the pilot's lack of attentiveness.
- [NTSB LAX94FA138](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94FA138.md): Cessna 150L · San Jacinto, CA · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 24, 1994 · N10998 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's impairment of judgment and performance due to alcohol and drugs, which led to his improper planning/decision, and his failure to maintain altitude/clearance from mountainous terrain, while maneuvering at low altitude.
- [NTSB BFO94LA050](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA050.md): Beech 400 · Cleveland, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 24, 1994 · N8279G · Substantial damage
  > The pilots failure to use the proper radio frequency to activate the airport runway lights, and the pilot's improper decision to continue his approach and land without the runway lights being on.
- [NTSB SEA94LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94LA064.md): Hiller-Soloy H-23D · Seaside, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 23, 1994 · N62413 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's improper use of flight controls resulting in settling with power.
- [NTSB BFO94LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA047.md): Cessna 172M · Slatington, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 22, 1994 · N5272R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain alignment with the runway. The crosswind was a factor.
- [NTSB BFO94LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA045.md): Piper PA-31T · Norwood, MA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 21, 1994 · N777JM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain alignment with the centerline of the runway, and his failure to execute a missed approach. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the dark night, the pilot's improper decision to initiate the approach in below-minimum…
- [NTSB LAX94FA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94FA125.md): Piper PA-28R-180 · Lake Tahoe, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 13, 1994 · N3775T · Destroyed
  > The pilot's impairment of judgment and performance due to drugs, which led to his failure to follow the recommended departure procedure, and his failure to maintain sufficient altitude/clearance from rising mountainous terrain. Factors related to the accident…
- [NTSB CHI94FA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94FA080.md): Cessna 320F · Goshen, IN · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 9, 1994 · N618X · Substantial damage
  > the pilot-in-command's continued operation with known deficiencies in equipment. Factors were ice on the windshield and the pilot-in-commands visual outlook not possible.
- [NTSB ATL94FA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94FA047.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Murphy, NC · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 8, 1994 · N9637J · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain clearance from the terrain. Factors in the accident were the dark night, and the mountainous terrain.
- [NTSB MIA94FA067](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94FA067.md): Piper PA-32RT-300 · Sugarloaf Key, FL · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Feb 6, 1994 · N626CN · Destroyed
  > Was the failure of the pilot-in-command to perform a visual lookout and maintain his altitude. Contributing to the accident was the dark night, over water, visual descent.
- [NTSB BFO94LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO94LA036.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Newburyport, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 29, 1994 · N2496X · Substantial damage
  > The pilot not maintaining clearance from the snowbank during final approach. A factor in this accident was the proximity of the snowbank to the active runway.
- [NTSB FTW94LA075](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA075.md): Cessna T-210J · Hobart, OK · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 26, 1994 · N2298R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's continued VFR flight into IMC. Factors were the weather, the pilot's failure to obtain a weather briefing for the flight, and the dark night conditions.
- [NTSB LAX94LA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA101.md): Aviat Christen Eagle II · Ramona, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 22, 1994 · N27HR · Destroyed
  > A failure of the pilot-in-command to maintain an adequate visual lookout and proper altitude to avoid colliding with rising terrain.
- [NTSB SEA94FA052](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94FA052.md): Piper PA-12 · Idaho Falls, ID · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 21, 1994 · N7805H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from the terrain. Factors include the pilot's poor inflight decision to attempt low level maneuvers in a narrow canyon.
- [NTSB LAX94LA099](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA099.md): Grumman G-164A · Davis, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 20, 1994 · N8649H · Destroyed
  > was that the pilot misjudged the airplane's altitude during the swath run.
- [NTSB LAX94LA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA098.md): Piper PA-28-180 · Borrego Springs, CA · Accident · 1 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 1994 · N56811 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's intentional decision to abandon the airplane and allow it to fly unattended.
- [NTSB MIA94LA051](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA051.md): Robinson R-22 · Miami, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 13, 1994 · N931KC · Destroyed
  > The pilot-in-command's improper supervision of an unqualified pilot while maneuvering at a low altitude. This resulted in a loss in rotor rpm due to improper flight control input (upward collective pitch), and subsequent in-flight collision with terrain.
- [NTSB MIA94LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA039.md): Grumman G-44A · Leesburg, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 17, 1993 · N58DG · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudged his altitude over glassy water during landing and inadvertently touched down in a flat attitude.
- [NTSB SEA94FA040](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA94FA040.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Spokane, WA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1993 · N999VP · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper alignment with the instrument landing system approach course. The pilot's failure to perform a missed approach was a factor.
- [NTSB NYC94LA049](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA049.md): Mooney M20J · Jones Beach, NY · Accident · 3 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 15, 1993 · N201TX · Destroyed
  > was the pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane, resulting in the airplane impacting with the water. Also casual in this accident was the pilot's total lack of experience in this type of aircraft, and operations. A factor in this accident was the…
- [NTSB CHI94FA048](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94FA048.md): Piper PA-32R-300 · Antigo, WI · Accident · 2 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Dec 10, 1993 · N550BC · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot in command to maintain proper altitude.
- [NTSB CHI94LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA045.md): Cessna 210B · Dubuque, IA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1993 · N9684X · Substantial damage
  > Flight by the pilot into known icing conditions, which resulted in airframe icing and an inability of the aircraft to maintain altitude on the ILS glidepath, once the landing gear was lowered. The weather conditions were related factors.
- [NTSB CHI94LA044](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA044.md): Beech 23 · Denison, IA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 6, 1993 · N6959Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate remedial action. A factor associated with the accident is the student pilot's inadequate aircraft handling.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=230&page=30

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 230)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=230&page=29

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