# NTSB investigations: On ground/water encounter with terrain/water

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

Page 13 of 21 · 1,048 cases

## Cases, newest first

- [NTSB ANC92LA059](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC92LA059.md): Stinson 108-1 · Mccarthy, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 8, 1992 · N97421 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Contributing to the accident were the snow berm and the pilot's lack of total experience in the type of operation (ski equipped airplanes).
- [NTSB CHI92LA125](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA125.md): Beech K35 · Valley City, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1992 · N441B · Substantial damage
  > Failure by airport personnel to remove the snow ridge.
- [NTSB BFO92LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92LA039.md): Let L-13 · Lock Haven, PA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 14, 1992 · N12CG · Destroyed
  > A tow rope that broke at low altitude.
- [NTSB MIA92LA083](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92LA083.md): Piper PA-32-260 · Kissimmee, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 9, 1992 · N56982 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to attain the proper touchdown point due to landing before the displaced threshold on the rwy.
- [NTSB CHI92LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA076.md): Cessna 414 · Gaylord, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 19, 1992 · N6814R · Substantial damage
  > Directional control was not maintained by the pilot. Factors related to the accident were: airport snow removal had not been performed by the airport personnel, a dark night with falling snow and the snowbank on the runway.
- [NTSB BFO92FA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92FA020.md): Douglas DC-9-30 · Horseheads, NY · Accident · Serious injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 18, 1992 · N964VJ · Substantial damage
  > The aircraft encountered a sudden wind gust during landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing.
- [NTSB LAX92LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA071.md): Cessna 172N · Chandler, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 24, 1991 · N734GY · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain an adequate visual lookout while taxiing the aircraft.
- [NTSB CHI92LA055](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI92LA055.md): Aero Commander 690A · Roseau, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 14, 1991 · N96BW · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain proper alignment with, and not selecting the proper touchdown point on the landing runway. Factors associated with the accident are a dark night light condition and crosswinds.
- [NTSB ATL92LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92LA006.md): Grumman G164 · Bay Minette, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 14, 1991 · N590Y · Substantial damage
  > The rough/uneven runway condition caused by the sink hole.
- [NTSB ATL92LA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL92LA005.md): Cessna 182 · Pinson, AL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 13, 1991 · N9342X · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to visually detect and attain proper alignment with the runway.
- [NTSB LAX92LA006](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA006.md): Bentley Mongoose A · Boulder City, NV · Accident · 2 fatal · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1991 · N7143K · Destroyed
  > The pilot's selection of an inadequate takeoff area which was too short for the prevailing conditions.
- [NTSB ANC91LA154](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA154.md): Maule M-5 · Purkeypile Mine, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 25, 1991 · N51645 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper touchdown point on the gravel bar. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's inattentiveness and the ditch in the gravel bar.
- [NTSB SEA91LA234](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA234.md): Cessna 182A · Grants Pass, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 8, 1991 · N3974D · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for a precautionary landing. Factors related to the accident were: motion sickness of the passenger, wet grass runway, the pilot's self-induced pressure to land at the accident airport, and the ditch.
- [NTSB ATL91LA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA170.md): Beech B-33 · Asheville, NC · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1991 · N1782G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff. Factors were tall wet grass, and the failure of airport personnel to maintain the runway surface.
- [NTSB NYC91LA223](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA223.md): Cessna 150 · Ashland, ME · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 23, 1991 · N22197 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's premature liftoff. Factors were the rough airstrip and the soft terrain encountered during landing.
- [NTSB LAX91LA362](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA362.md): Schweizer G164B · Verona, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1991 · N7501K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper planning/decision to depart from a runway with high vegetation along the edge and subsequent collision with terrain.
- [NTSB DEN91LA109](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN91LA109.md): Beech V35 · Byers, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1991 · N2751T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing site. Factors were: weather conditions and the ditch.
- [NTSB SEA91LA191](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA191.md): Grumman G-164A · Hamer, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1991 · N6702Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain runway aligment. Factors include high vegetation, and an inadverent ground loop/swerve.
- [NTSB SEA91LA187](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA187.md): Beech A-36 · Kemmerer, WY · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1991 · N4394A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's poor planning/decision. Factors include selecting the wrong runway under the high density altitude conditions.
- [NTSB LAX91LA312](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA312.md): Cessna 172N · Mariposa, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1991 · N6521J · Substantial damage
  > The pilot misjudging his planned approach. A down-sloping runway surface was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB SEA91LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA161.md): American AA-1A · Sequim, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 7, 1991 · N5FA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during takeoff. Contributing to the accident was a hidden obstruction.
- [NTSB FTW91LA117](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW91LA117.md): Thorp T-18CW · Wimberley, TX · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1991 · N83MK · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the airport personnel to maintain the airstrip in an operable condition and the pilots failure to maintain runway alignment on touchdown.
- [NTSB CHI91DER12](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91DER12.md): Lacey B D4 · Albert Lea, MN · Accident · Serious injuries · Final report · Jul 5, 1991 · N363H · Destroyed
  > The pilot's failure to take adequate remedial action. Related factors are the tall grass runway conditions, and the inadequate airspeed.
- [NTSB ATL91LA122](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA122.md): Learjet 23 · Columbia, TN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 2, 1991 · N500FM · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's premature decision to turn off the anti-skid during landing roll. Factors to this accident were hydroplaning conditions.
- [NTSB MIA91LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA91LA166.md): Cessna A188B · Doddsville, MS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 21, 1991 · N9102R · Substantial damage
  > Poor planning decision by the pilot for failure to take into account the temperature extremes and what effect this would have on the ground roll distance. Contributing to the accident was his lack of total experience in the type of operation.
- [NTSB SEA91LA114](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA114.md): Cessna TR182 · Green River, UT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 17, 1991 · N4664S · Substantial damage
  > Worn brakes. Contributing to the accident was: poor maintenance.
- [NTSB FTW91LA076](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW91LA076.md): Grumman G-164 · Pioneer, LA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 3, 1991 · N7361 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's use of a runway unsuitable due to recent rains.
- [NTSB CHI91LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA141.md): Taylorcraft BC12-D · Evansville, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 26, 1991 · N61978 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing, not maintaining directional control and attempting a go-around without sufficient airspeed. A factor was the rutted runway surface.
- [NTSB CHI91LA143](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA143.md): Cessna 170A · Newell, SD · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 24, 1991 · N5720C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper aircraft handling.
- [NTSB CHI91LA128](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA128.md): De Havilland Beaver U-6A · Oak Island, MN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 9, 1991 · N9028 · Substantial damage
  > Unsuitable terrain was selected by the pilot. A factor related to the accident was the terrain/runway was composed of weak ice.
- [NTSB LAX91LA167](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA167.md): Cessna 414A · Avenal, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 6, 1991 · N242AR · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control after striking a dirt berm during the landing roll. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the pilot to ensure that the airport was adequate for his intended operations.
- [NTSB ATL91LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA071.md): Beech F33A · Chamblee, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 26, 1991 · N7224L · Substantial damage
  > The hole in the airport taxiway, which was created by the erosion of soil beneath the taxiway, and the failure of the airport to inspect and maintain ditches which run beneath the runways and taxiways.
- [NTSB ANC91IA037](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91IA037.md): Beech C-45H · Shageluk, AK · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Mar 18, 1991 · N400WA · Minor damage
  > The accident was the pic's failure to properly determine the required width of runway needed by their airplane and inadequate snow removal. Contributing to the accident was the snow berm and the copilot's misjudgment of runway width.
- [NTSB SEA91LA063](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA063.md): Cessna 120 · Skykomish, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 9, 1991 · N3163N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to take appropriate remedial action after landing too FAR down the runway.
- [NTSB ATL91LA057](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA057.md): Cessna 182Q · Brunswick, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 18, 1991 · N759VB · Substantial damage
  > A hidden hole in the runway surface, which was contacted by the nose wheel during the landing roll.
- [NTSB SEA91LA043](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA91LA043.md): Piper PA-18 · Wolf Point, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 12, 1991 · N2787P · Substantial damage
  > The inadequate preflight planning and preparation by the pilot in command, and his selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff. A factor relating to the accident was the snowdrifts in the takeoff area.
- [NTSB ANC91FA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91FA019.md): Cessna 172G · Wasilla, AK · Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report · Jan 5, 1991 · N4468L · Substantial damage
  > Pilot's not removing the frost from the airplane before attempting to takeoff. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's delayed abort, and the berm.
- [NTSB LAX91LA047](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA047.md): Balloon Works Firefly 8-24 · Poway, CA · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 26, 1990 · N7113U · Minor damage
  > The pilot's failure to obtain a proper touchdown point. Contributing factors which related to the basket's tipping over were the pilot's misjudging the wind direction and the wind's relative high speed.
- [NTSB DEN91LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN91LA009.md): Beech 95-C55 · Watkins, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 18, 1990 · N2757T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent retraction of the landing gear. A factor was the pilot's lack of familiarity with the airplane.
- [NTSB ATL91LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA001.md): Cessna 172N · Valdosta, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 8, 1990 · N172SC · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during a takeoff attempt. Factors to the accident were the student's overall lack of flight experience, and the reported wind gust.
- [NTSB MIA91LA007](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA91LA007.md): Piper PA-28-181 · Rolling Fork, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 5, 1990 · N8634C · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain wingtip clearance with tall grass at the edge of the runway during the ground roll.
- [NTSB MIA90LA185](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA185.md): Cessna A188B · Vicksburg, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 21, 1990 · N86405 · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot to avoid a mud hole on the runway during the ground roll to takeoff.
- [NTSB ANC90LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90LA165.md): Bellanca 7ECA · Blair Lakes, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 4, 1990 · N5504N · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate lookout during the post-landing taxi. Contributing to the accident were the rough terrain, the pilot's lack of total experience, and his lack of familiarity with the geographic area.
- [NTSB ANC90LA162](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90LA162.md): De Havilland DHC-2 · Alagnak River, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 31, 1990 · N24BR · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's inadequate preflight planning/preparation, his selection of unsuitable terrain, and his delay in aborting the takeoff.
- [NTSB MIA90LA174](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA174.md): Pitts S1-S · Palm City, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1990 · N10PP · Substantial damage
  > Failure of the pilot in command to initiate a go around in a timely manner, and the airplane landing gear dug into the soft sod and nosed over.
- [NTSB ANC90LA157](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90LA157.md): Piper PA-32 · Kashvik Bay, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1990 · N5206S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's improper preflight preparation and planning. Contributing to the accident was unsuitable terrain.
- [NTSB CHI90LA219](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90LA219.md): Grumman G-164B · Columbus, NE · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1990 · N6745K · Substantial damage
  > Standing water on the approach end of the runway.
- [NTSB ANC90LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC90LA137.md): Cessna T-207A · King Salmon, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1990 · N73835 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's delay in aborting the takeoff.
- [NTSB SEA90FA149](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA90FA149.md): Piper PA-22-150 · Leavenworth, WA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Jul 30, 1990 · N9978D · Destroyed
  > The pilot's misjudgement in preflight planning when departing toward rising terrain. Contributing factors in this accident were his decision to attempt a climb-out with full flaps extended, and the minimal performance data available to him upon which he could…
- [NTSB CHI90DCD01](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DCD01.md): Finn A. Arnold Glassaire/SH-2 · Shenandoah, IA · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jul 27, 1990 · N41FJ · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the takeoff ground run. A factor in the accident is the pilot's lack of total experience in the type of aircraft involved in the accident.

Next page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb.md?occurrence=320&page=14

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 320)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=320&page=13

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