# NTSB investigations, 1996: On ground/water encounter with terrain/water

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

## Latest cases

- [NTSB LAX97LA077](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA077.md): Cessna 140 · Emigrant Gap, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 25, 1996 · N76857 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgment of altitude/clearance while attempting a precautionary landing on a closed, snow covered runway.
- [NTSB LAX97LA045](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX97LA045.md): Air Tractor AT-401 · Calexico, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 9, 1996 · N1014N · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's premature lift-off from the runway and his failure to attain adequate airspeed.
- [NTSB SEA97LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97LA028.md): Piper PA-28-151 · Bruneau, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 7, 1996 · N32518 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to perform adequate preflight planning to ensure that the aircraft could complete a takeoff in the distance available. Factors relating to the accident included: a short takeoff area, and a dirt bank at the end of the road from which the…
- [NTSB NYC97LA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA012.md): Socata TB 9 Tampico · Laurens, NY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 4, 1996 · N5541C · Substantial damage
  > the student pilot's selection of an unsuitable area for a precautionary landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the student becoming lost, the subsequent low fuel condition, and the embankment in the emergency landing area.
- [NTSB CHI97LA022](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA022.md): Galaxy AX8 · Columbia, MO · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 3, 1996 · N5347S · No damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the ditch, which was encountered during the landing; and high vegetation, which covered the ditch making it not visible to the pilot.
- [NTSB CHI97LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA023.md): Cessna 150 · Minneapolis, KS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 2, 1996 · N3008J · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain on which to land the airplane. A factor relating with the accident was: the large rock, which the airplane contacted.
- [NTSB SEA97TA012](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA97TA012.md): Garlick UH-1H · Detroit, OR · Accident · Minor injuries · Final report · Oct 20, 1996 · N98NW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudgement of rotor clearance from the terrain. The proximity of the berm was a related factor.
- [NTSB ANC96LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA164.md): de Havilland DHC-2 · Aniak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 24, 1996 · N5343G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to remove all snow and ice from the airplane prior to takeoff.
- [NTSB ANC96LA160](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA160.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Kotzebue, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 17, 1996 · N3086Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor in the accident was the soft terrain.
- [NTSB LAX96LA337](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA337.md): Cessna 152 · San Carlos, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 16, 1996 · N5120H · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's decision to attempt a takeoff with the runway lights inoperative, and his failure to maintain runway alignment during an aborted takeoff, after failure of the landing light. Factors relating to the accident were: darkness, inoperative runway…
- [NTSB ANC96LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA166.md): Piper PA-12 · Chitina, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 13, 1996 · N7895H · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing site. A factor associated with the accident is the rough and uneven landing site.
- [NTSB ANC96LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA153.md): Cessna 170B · Dillingham, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1996 · N2989D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for taxiing.
- [NTSB MIA96TA221](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96TA221.md): Bell OH-58A · Wetumpka, AL · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Sep 3, 1996 · N160SA · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot improper use of flight controls (cyclic a nd collective) on a takeoff to a hover, resulting in the helicopter rolling to the right, and the main rotor blade colliding with the ground.
- [NTSB ANC96LA136](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA136.md): Maule M-4 · Skwentna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 3, 1996 · N4726T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing site. A factor associated with the accident was the rough and uneven terrain.
- [NTSB LAX96LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA316.md): Cessna 172F · Ocotillo, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1996 · N5543R · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment. The sun glare and proximity of rocks were related factors.
- [NTSB ANC96LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA169.md): Piper PA-18-160 · Northway, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1996 · N2683A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's premature lift-off. A factor associated with the accident was the rough and uneven airstrip.
- [NTSB CHI96LA337](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA337.md): Ercoupe 415-C · Wausau, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1996 · N94196 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area, and his misjudgment of distance and speed, while attempting to minimize the effect of crossing an uneven area on the runway. The uneven runway condition was a related factor.
- [NTSB ANC96LA132](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA132.md): Piper PA-28-140 · Dillingham, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 17, 1996 · N6119W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Soft terrain was a factor in the accident
- [NTSB SEA96LA189](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA189.md): Piper PA-18 · Ephrata, WA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 13, 1996 · N8109Y · Substantial damage
  > failure of the pilot to maintain proper alignment with the landing area (driveway) during the landing. Factors relating to the accident were: the selection of an unsuitable area for landing, the reported turbulence during landing, and an encounter with a rock…
- [NTSB MIA96LA206](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA206.md): Grumman 164A · Marks, MS · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 7, 1996 · N665U · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to remain clear of the known high point on runway.
- [NTSB IAD96LA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA127.md): Cessna 172 · Midland, OH · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 3, 1996 · N12141 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain adequate alignment with the runway and to maintain adequate terrain clearance during landing.
- [NTSB ANC96LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA107.md): Cessna 185 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 28, 1996 · N70018 · Destroyed
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning for departure and his selection of unsuitable terrain. Factors in the accident were soft, snow covered terrain and the pilot's delay in aborting the takeoff.
- [NTSB CHI96LA303](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA303.md): Cessna A188B · Watford City, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 30, 1996 · N21744 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to maintain directional control while landing on a road.
- [NTSB ANC96TA092](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96TA092.md): Hughes 369D · Ketchikan, AK · Accident · No injuries · Final report · Jun 26, 1996 · N5125Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain control of the helicopter. The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB CHI96LA190](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA190.md): Cessna A188B · Oskaloosa, KS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 4, 1996 · N9408R · Destroyed
  > failure of the pilot to maintain proper alignment with the roadway during the takeoff roll. A factor relating to the accident was: the selection of an unsuitable area for takeoff.
- [NTSB CHI96LA161](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA161.md): Piper PA-22 · Maryville, MO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 19, 1996 · N8943D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable area to taxi off the narrow runway in order to turn around. The proximity of the ditch was a related factor.
- [NTSB SEA96LA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA088.md): Piper PA-28-161 · Harper, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 4, 1996 · N3568D · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain (landing area) for a precautionary landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot became ill during the flight.
- [NTSB ANC96LA061](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA061.md): Cessna 180 · Hope, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 28, 1996 · N212RF · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. A factor in the accident was soft terrain.
- [NTSB ANC96LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA038.md): Taylorcraft BC12D · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 26, 1996 · N39966 · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable area for landing.
- [NTSB ANC96LA036](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA036.md): Bellanca 7ECA · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 22, 1996 · N5169X · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable area for landing.
- [NTSB ANC96LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC96LA035.md): Cessna 206 · Willow, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 17, 1996 · N942SA · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Snow covered terrain that concealed uneven terrain was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB SEA96LA053](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA053.md): Cessna R172K · Garden Valley, ID · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 3, 1996 · N2925V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. The snow covered runway was a related factor.
- [NTSB SEA96LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA064.md): Cessna 180A · Hillsboro, OR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Feb 27, 1996 · N9669B · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to identify the unsuitable taxi area, and the failure of airport maintenance personnel to properly identify a construction area.
- [NTSB LAX96LA320](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX96LA320.md): Piper PA-28-236 · Paradise, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 9, 1996 · N627WB · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's attempted flight into known adverse weather conditions.
- [NTSB FTW96LA087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA087.md): Piper PA-38-112 · Port Mansfield, TX · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 9, 1996 · N9840T · Substantial damage
  > Deer running onto the runway as the student pilot was landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the soft terrain that was encountered as the pilot was maneuvering to avoid a collision.
- [NTSB FTW96LA084](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96LA084.md): Learjet 60 · Aspen, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 6, 1996 · XAICA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's improper in-flight decision to continue with the landing when the runway had not been positively identified. Factors were the snow-covered runway and landing area, sun glare, and the inadequate snow removal by airport personnel.
- [NTSB SEA96LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA96LA038.md): Beech B100 · Miles City, MT · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 4, 1996 · N924WS · Substantial damage
  > Failure of airport personnel to properly remove snow from the runway or issue an appropriate notam concerning the runway condition. Factors relating to the accident were: the low light condition at dawn, and the snowbank or berm that was left on the runway.
- [NTSB CHI96LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA071.md): Piper PA-31-350 · Zionsville, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 4, 1996 · N111UC · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's failure to properly align the airplane for a safe landing on the runway. Related factors were: the pilot's inadequate preflight planning/preparation, snow, the snow-covered runway, and snowbanks on the sides of the runway.

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1996
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 320)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=320&year=1996

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