# NTSB investigations, 1998: On ground/water encounter with terrain/water

NTSB aviation accident and incident investigations since 1962: the probable cause, findings, aircraft, crew, weather and docket of each, linked to the FAA registry and the FAA’s own reports.

## Latest cases

- [NTSB ANC99IA019](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC99IA019.md): Cessna 207 · Kotzebue, AK · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Dec 23, 1998 · N1864 · Minor damage
  > The pilot's selection of the wrong taxi route. A factor associated with this incident was the absence of taxiway lighting or marking.
- [NTSB DEN99LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA027.md): Boeing 727-233 · Denver, CO · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Dec 22, 1998 · N269FE · Substantial damage
  > Snow removal not done by other person.
- [NTSB CHI99LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA038.md): Piper PA-28R-200 · Hancock, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 25, 1998 · N5256T · Substantial damage
  > the pilot became disoriented while taxiing at an unfamiliar airport and his failure to reduce engine power when the airplane departed the paved surface. Factors associated with the accident were the dark night condition, the pilot did not follow the correct…
- [NTSB DEN99LA017](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA017.md): Cessna 182A · Bedford, WY · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Nov 1, 1998 · N6352B · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to identify a soft area on his newly constructed airstrip, which subsequently caused his airplane to nose over.
- [NTSB MIA99LA002](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99LA002.md): Cessna 150M · Pocahontas, MS · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 2, 1998 · N63447 · Substantial damage
  > The delay by the pilot-in-command (CFI) to abort the takeoff after the student landed slightly long and his delay to add power to perform a touch-and-go landing.
- [NTSB DEN99LA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN99LA001.md): Cessna 140A · Belen, NM · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Oct 1, 1998 · N9403A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. Factors were his inadequate compensation for the gusty crosswind conditions, and the airplane manufacturer's failure to provide adequate performance data.
- [NTSB ANC98LA166](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA166.md): Piper PA-12 · Tyonek, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 29, 1998 · N2796M · Substantial damage
  > The aircraft's left wheel encountering a hole as the pilot taxied from landing and his inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Contributing factors were the rough terrain and gusty wind condition.
- [NTSB CHI98LA357](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA357.md): Cessna 182K · Baldwin, WI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 20, 1998 · N2689Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning and preparation, and his failure to stop on the wet, grassy runway. A related factor was the wet grass.
- [NTSB ANC98LA153](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA153.md): Cessna 180 · Chalkitsik, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 18, 1998 · N9407C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to identify an unsafe/hazardous condition. A factor associated with the accident was soft terrain conditions.
- [NTSB ANC98LA144](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA144.md): Piper PA-11 · Willow, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Sep 9, 1998 · N30961 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable takeoff area from the lake. Factors were the obstruction (point of land) hidden in the glare from the rising sun.
- [NTSB ANC98LA137](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA137.md): Piper PA-12 · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 30, 1998 · N3200M · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadvertent ground loop of the airplane during the landing roll.
- [NTSB SEA98FA170](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA170.md): Cessna 172L · Anacortes, WA · Accident · 1 fatal · Field investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1998 · N1069M · Substantial damage
  > Terrain clearance was not maintained. A low ceiling and the pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision were factors.
- [NTSB CHI98LA345](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA345.md): Piper PA-23-250 · Grosse Ile, MI · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 26, 1998 · N33MP · Substantial damage
  > the pilot in command (CFI)'s diverted attention and his failure to select landing gear extension.
- [NTSB IAD98LA102](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98LA102.md): Cessna 185 · Westport, MA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 25, 1998 · N114LS · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's failure to maintain control of the airplane and his delayed decision to go-around. Factors related to the accident were the flight instructor's improper inflight decision to land downwind and his inadequate compensation for wind.
- [NTSB ATL98LA111](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA111.md): Cessna 150 · Athens, GA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 24, 1998 · N704HU · Substantial damage
  > The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during land roll out that resulted in the on ground collision.
- [NTSB ANC98LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA130.md): Ayres S2R-1820 · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 22, 1998 · N123GA · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain adequate terrain clearance.
- [NTSB ANC98LA127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA127.md): Cessna 180 · Cordova, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1998 · N180WH · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during takeoff. Factors associated with the accident were soft airstrip conditions, and trees.
- [NTSB ANC98LA126](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA126.md): Piper PA-18-150 · Cordova, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 19, 1998 · N7099Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area. A factor associated with the accident was grass covered rocks.
- [NTSB FTW98LA360](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA360.md): Cessna 170 · Boulder, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 16, 1998 · N2574V · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's intentional ground loop and his inadequate compensation for the wind condition. A contributng factor was crosswinds.
- [NTSB CHI98LA316](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA316.md): Wakely DR-107 · Stanton, MN · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 15, 1998 · N207TW · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's misjudging recovery from a bounced landing. Factors were the partial failure of the propeller and a crop field.
- [NTSB ANC98LA119](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA119.md): Piper PA-22 · Copper Center, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Aug 9, 1998 · N2447P · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable off-airport landing site. A factor associated with the accident is rough and uneven terrain.
- [NTSB LAX98IA261](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98IA261.md): Boeing 727-2Q8 · Las Vegas, NV · Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report · Aug 8, 1998 · N831L · Minor damage
  > The airport personnel's failure to properly mark the ditch hazard and the taxiway boundaries surrounding it, and, the captain's failure to maintain a situational awareness of his location with respect to the taxiway layout. The dark night lighting condition…
- [NTSB LAX98LA242](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA242.md): Enstrom F28A · Pleasanton, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 24, 1998 · N288Q · Substantial damage
  > The flight instructor's delayed remedial action and the student pilot's failure to maintain rotor RPM. A factor was the downhill terrain.
- [NTSB ANC98LA107](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA107.md): Cessna 206G · Yakutat, AK · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 23, 1998 · N121W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions, and a premature lift-off. A factor associated with the accident is a sudden windshift.
- [NTSB ANC98LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA097.md): Piper PA-32-300 · Nenana, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 14, 1998 · N8698N · Substantial damage
  > The failure of the FAA Flight Service Station specialist to issue an active Notice to Airmen that noted a hazardous condition on the runway. Factors associated with the accident are the rough and uneven runway, and inadequate runway maintenance by airport…
- [NTSB ANC98LA093](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA093.md): Piper PA-18 · Palmer, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 9, 1998 · N1602A · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to identify an unsafe/hazardous condition. A related factor was the ditch.
- [NTSB LAX98LA231](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA231.md): Cessna 182RG · Cameron Park, CA · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 7, 1998 · N4825R · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's decision to initiate a turn to exit the runway at an excessive rate of speed.
- [NTSB ATL98LA097](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98LA097.md): Benson B-8M · Placida, FL · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 5, 1998 · N2289V · Substantial damage
  > Excessive taxi speed. A related factor was the wind gusts.
- [NTSB ANC98LA088](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA088.md): Champion 7GCB · Hope, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jul 1, 1998 · N9809Y · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing/takeoff area. Contributing factors were the stream crossing the airstrip and the embankment.
- [NTSB CHI98LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA222.md): Grumman-Schweizer 164B · Hatton, ND · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 26, 1998 · N48532 · Substantial damage
  > the delayed abort by the pilot, the overweight condition of the airplane, and the pilot's inadequate preparation prior to takeoff. Factors contributing to this accident were the wet condition of the airstrip, the hopper dump valve not working, and the road…
- [NTSB ANC98LA080](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA080.md): Cessna 185F · Chitina, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 21, 1998 · N80596 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Factors in the accident were uneven and soft terrain on the landing strip.
- [NTSB CHI98LA199](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA199.md): Cessna 150F · Gregory, SD · Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 13, 1998 · N3596L · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's not maintaining control of the airplane during landing.
- [NTSB ANC98LA071](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA071.md): Cessna 172 · Angoon, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 12, 1998 · N171Q · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the aborted takeoff. A factor associated with the accident was rough and uneven terrain.
- [NTSB CHI98LA195](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA195.md): Cessna 172E · Demotte, IN · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 10, 1998 · N3933S · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate preflight planning that failed to ensure takeoff could be attained. Other related factors were the aborted takeoff, grass, and a dirt bank.
- [NTSB ANC98LA066](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA066.md): Cessna 188B · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 8, 1998 · N9247G · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to identify an unsafe/hazardous taxiway condition. A factor associated with this accident was the presence of rough and uneven terrain conditions.
- [NTSB MIA98LA175](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA175.md): Air Tractor AT-502 · Clewiston, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jun 2, 1998 · N7318K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's inadequate visual lookout while taxiing for takeoff.
- [NTSB MIA98LA169](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA98LA169.md): Mohr Skybolt · Lakeland, FL · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 25, 1998 · N6JJ · Substantial damage
  > the failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane, after landing, resulting in the airplane departing the left side of the runway and subsequent impact with the ground.
- [NTSB FTW98LA222](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA222.md): Mooney M20E · Watkins, CO · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · May 18, 1998 · N1306W · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain visual contact with the taxiway. Factors were the pilot's disabling the electrical system by turning off the master switch, a dark night, and excessive taxi speed.
- [NTSB ANC98LA039](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA039.md): Stinson 108-2 · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 18, 1998 · N134C · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable, slush-covered, runway for landing. A factor was the slush-covered runway.
- [NTSB ANC98LA038](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA038.md): Grumman G-21 · Dutch Harbor, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 15, 1998 · N22932 · Substantial damage
  > The pilot-in-command's failure to identify the swells prior to landing. A factor was the water swells.
- [NTSB ANC98LA035](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA035.md): Piper PA-18 · Talkeetna, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 4, 1998 · N4320Z · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. Factors in the accident were snow covered terrain, and a hidden obstruction.
- [NTSB ANC98LA034](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA034.md): Cessna 185F · Coldfoot, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Apr 3, 1998 · N1205F · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff. Soft, snow covered terrain was a factor in the accident.
- [NTSB LAX98LA130](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA130.md): Cessna 150A · Apple Valley, CA · Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 30, 1998 · N6640T · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's selection of an unsuitable landing area.
- [NTSB FTW98LA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW98LA164.md): Grumman-Schweizer G-164B · Tuckerman, AR · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 25, 1998 · N6720K · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. Factors were the wet and soft runway conditions.
- [NTSB LAX98LA121](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX98LA121.md): Cessna 421B · Show Low, AZ · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Mar 18, 1998 · N70PD · Substantial damage
  > The pilot's failure to attain the proper alignment on the runway due to the obscuration by snow of the runway and on the airplane's windows.
- [NTSB ANC98LA015](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98LA015.md): Cessna 180H · Chugiak, AK · Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report · Jan 8, 1998 · N9737G · Substantial damage
  > the pilot's selection of an unsuitable area for landing. A factor relating to the accident was: the crusty, snow covered surface of the airstrip.

## The whole list in SQL

Runs in DuckDB 1.2 or later on the release's Parquet files over HTTPS:

```sql
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1998
  AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT o.case_mkey FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o WHERE o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o."occurrenceCode" = 320)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESC
```

This list as a web page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb?occurrence=320&year=1998

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OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.