# NTSB ANC24LA043: Cessna 207A, N9651M, Bethel, AK, June 3, 2024 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report - Date: June 2, 2024, 16:00 local (Jun 3, 2024, 00:00 UTC) - Place: Bethel, AK - Coordinates: 60.785181, -161.83168 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=60.7852&lon=-161.8317&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Takeoff: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Alaska Regional Office - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 194391 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ANC24LA043 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/194391/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=194391 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC24LA043 ## Probable cause The pilot’s improper short-field takeoff procedure, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and subsequent hard landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 207A, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md?model=2073605), [All aircraft, 1,391 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 207A, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2073605), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: airspeed](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 207A, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010/cases.md?model=2073605), [All aircraft, 1,681 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Takeoff: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 207A, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md?model=2073605), [All aircraft, 1,529 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot was performing a short-field takeoff procedure with an airplane that was near its maximum gross weight. The airplane’s operating handbook specified that the short-field takeoff procedure required the use of flaps until the airplane had reached an indicated airspeed greater than 80 knots. The pilot reported that, during the initial climb, he felt the airplane sink and saw the wing flaps retract in his peripheral vision. The pilot pushed the airplane’s nose down to gain airspeed; however, the airplane was too low to gain sufficient airspeed for continued flight, and subsequently landed hard on the runway, resulting in substantial damage to the fuselage and empennage. Examination of the flap system revealed that the flaps were fully retracted at the time of impact, and the flap position lever was also in the retracted position. An operational check of the flap control system was conducted in accordance with the airplane service manual and no abnormalities were observed. Given the position of the flaps and flap position lever at the time of the accident and the lack of anomalies during postaccident operational testing of the flap system, it is likely that the pilot either retracted the wing flaps during the takeoff initial climb at an altitude and airspeed that was insufficient to sustain flight, or attempted a short-field takeoff with the flaps improperly configured (retracted), which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and subsequent hard landing. ## Factual narrative On June 2, 2024, about 1600 Alaska daylight time, a Cessna 207A airplane, N9651M, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Bethel, Alaska. The commercial pilot was not injured. The airplane was operated by Grant Aviation as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 135 cargo flight. According to the operator, the airplane was departing from Bethel Airport, Bethel, Alaska (BET), transporting cargo and mail to Kwigillingok, Alaska (GVV), when the accident occurred. The pilot reported that, while taxiing to the runway, he checked that the fuel selector was on the right tank, the engine cowl flaps were open, the wing flaps were extended to 10°, and the engine mixture was rich. He added that he elected to perform a short-field takeoff, and that the initial phase of the takeoff was normal. The airplane lifted off the runway around 64 knots. He flew the airplane in ground effect to build airspeed to 75 knots and then pitched the airplane to climb. The airplane climbed at a rate of about 500 to 600 ft per minute. About 200 ft mean sea level, he felt the airplane “sink” and saw the wing flaps moving up in his peripheral vision. The pilot noticed that the airspeed was dropping and he pushed the nose down to regain airspeed, but he was too low to regain enough airspeed for continued flight. The airplane landed hard on the runway surface, resulting in substantial damage to the fuselage and empennage. The airplane was about 70 lbs under its maximum gross weight at the time of the accident. According to the Cessna 207A Pilot’s Operating Handbook, the procedure for a short-field takeoff requires 10° of flaps, a minimum climb speed of 73 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS), and states that flaps should be retracted only when airplane’s speed is greater than 80 KIAS. Normal takeoff is performed with a climb speed of 80 to 90 KIAS. Examination of the wreckage revealed that power to the flap system was damaged during the impact with the runway. Before electrical power was applied to the flap system, a full visual inspection of the flap control assembly was performed. The flap control system was undamaged. The follow-up control, cam, flaps down and up operating switches were undamaged and in good condition. The wing flaps were retracted, and the flap position indicator was consistent with the fully retracted position. A multimeter was used to test each of the flap down/up operating switches and to determine the position of the flap control lever at the time of power loss to the flap system. The operating switches were found to be in good operating condition. Due to damage to the electrical system, a battery was used in the cockpit to connect directly to the flap system for testing. An operational check of the flap control system was conducted in accordance with the Cessna 207 series service manual and no abnormalities were observed. The flaps functioned normally during the operational check. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9651M](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N9651M), registered now, S/N 20700715, built 1981 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 207A - Registry model: [Cessna 207A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-207a) (registry code 2073605) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520-F](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-f) (registry code 17237, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 20700715 - Year built: 1981 - Airframe hours: 26698.5 - Engines: Teledyne Continental IO-520-F 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Part 135 - Operator: Grant Aviation Inc - Registered owner: Grant Aviation Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: AAIP, June 2, 2024, 0.7 hours before - Destination: PAGG, Kwigillingok, AK - Flight plan: Company VFR - Airport: BET, Bethel Airport, runway 1L, 6,400 × 150 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Stall warning system, ADS-B, Satellite tracking device, Electronic flight bag or handheld device ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 24; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review January 14, 2024; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 911 total, 307 in this make and model, 816 as pilot in command, 210 in the last 90 days, 35 in the last 30 days, 0 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 350° at 11 knots, gusting 19 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 8,500 ft broken - Temperature: 66 °F, dew point 39 °F - Altimeter: 29.32 inHg - Observed at: PABE - METAR: PABE 022353Z 35011G19KT 10SM BKN085 19/04 A2932 RMK AO2 SLP931 T01890039 10206 20144 57018 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20240602005249A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20240602005249A), Jun 2, 2024: Cessna 207A, Bethel, AK, Substantial damage. The airman was cleared by ATC to takeoff runway 1L in behtlel, AK. The airman was in a company Cessna 207 [privacy data omitted]. The airplane was cargo only.… ## Other investigations on N9651M (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB ANC91LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC91LA027), Feb 10, 1991: Cessna 207 (N9651M), Kivalina, AK, substantial damage. Probable cause: THE PILOT'S FAILURE IN NOT IDENTIFYING THE WEATHER CONDITIONS ALONG THE ROUTE. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS IMPROPER IN FLIGHT PLANNING AND DECISION BY THE PIC AND THE WHITEOUT CONDITIONS. - [NTSB ANC89LA029](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC89LA029), Dec 28, 1988: Cessna 207 (N9651M), Kivalina, AK, substantial damage ## Docket (7 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 23, 2025, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=194391. 37.6 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 9 pages, 1.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329826&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24LA043%206120_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Pilot's statement (item 2, PDF, 2 pages, 70 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329973&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24LA043%20Pilot%20interview-Rel.pdf - Wreckage examination (item 3, PDF, 6 pages, 602 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329836&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24LA043%20Bethel%20flap%20field%20notes-Rel.pdf - Weight and balance memo (item 4, PDF, 1 page, 78 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329846&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24LA043%20Weight%20and%20balance-Rel.pdf - Excepts maintenance manual (item 5, PDF, 28 pages, 3.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329856&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24LA043%20excepts%20207%20Maintenance%20Manual-Rel.pdf - Excepts POH (item 6, PDF, 10 pages, 31.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329406&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24LA043%20POH%201-Rel.pdf - Investigative photographs (item 7, PDF, 3 pages, 870 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17329963&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ANC24lA043%20Investigative%20photographs%20-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.