# NTSB ANC95LA051: Cessna 185, N111EZ, Ketchikan, AK, April 30, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 30, 1995, 08:15 local (16:15 UTC) - Place: Ketchikan, AK - Coordinates: 55.610706, -131.58049 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=55.6107&lon=-131.5805&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report November 6, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Alaska Regional Office - NTSB case key (mKey): 2646 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ANC95LA051 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/2646/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC95LA051 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S INADVERTENT WATER LOOP/SWERVE DUE TO THE USE OF IMPROPER LANDING PROCEDURES. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Dragged wing,rotor,pod,float or tail/skid, landing - weather condition - gusts - water loop/swerve - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - procedure inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - Nose over, landing ## Analysis THE PILOT STATED SHE WAS ATTEMPTING TO LAND IN THE HARBOR BETWEEN TWO GUST AREAS INDICATED BY THE DISRUPTION ON THE WATER'S SURFACE. AS THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN ON THE WATER SHE REDUCED THE POWER TO IDLE. THE PILOT STATED SHE WAS SURE THE AIRPLANE ROLLED TO THE RIGHT AND DRAGGED ITS RIGHT WINGTIP AND NOSED OVER. A WITNESS STANDING ON THE ADJACENT DOCK SAW THE LEFT FLOAT AND LEFT WING STRIKE THE WATER FIRST. THE PILOT STATED THAT HER INSTRUCTOR TAUGHT HER TO LAND WITH A FLAT NOSE PITCH ATTITUDE SO THE FLOATS WOULD NOT GET 'SUCKED IN.' THE AIRPLANE MANUAL STATES THAT THE AIRPLANE SHOULD BE LANDED SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW. ## Factual narrative On April 30, 1995, at 0815 Alaska daylight time, a float equipped Cessna 185 airplane, N111EZ, registered to and operated by Island Wings Air Service of Ketchikan, Alaska, nosed over during landing in the harbor at Ketchikan. The positioning flight, operating under 14 CFR Part 91, departed Peninsula Point, Alaska, and the destination was the Ketchikan Harbor. The commercial certificated pilot, the sole occupant, was not injured. No flight plan was filed and visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The airplane received substantial damage. According to the pilot, she was landing on the harbor using full flaps. The pilot described the wind in the channel as southeasterly at 10 knots and a "little gusty." She stated she could see two gust areas on the water near the shoreline and intended to land between those areas. The pilot stated that at 70 knots she "flattened" the landing attitude of the airplane. As the floats touched down on the water she reduced the power to idle, the airplane rolled sharply to the right and dragged the right wingtip in the water. The airplane then nosed over. The pilot stated that she saw the gust areas by viewing the disruption on the water's surface but did not feel that the gusts were significant. She stated that when the wind blows from an easterly direction in the channel, the harbor winds will be from the southeast. Then the wind blows around Mountain Point and there are gusts along the town side of the harbor. According to a witness, who was standing on the dock immediately adjacent the area of intended landing, he stated the following: "I saw an airplane landing. The left float touched down first, it cut hard to the left. The left wing hit the water, it bounced up then the right wing hit the water. The plane bounced back to the left wing and flipped over on its top." Examination of the polaroid photographs submitted by the operator shows crushing and bending damage to the left wingtip. The right wingtip shows no damage. During a telephone interview with the pilot, she stated that she was sure that the airplane rolled to the right and that the right wingtip touched the water first. She also stated that she landed with a flat nose pitch attitude because the instructor who taught her stated that he did not want the nose of the floats to get "sucked in." According to the Cessna owner's manual supplement for the 185 floatplane, it states that during landing the airplane should touch down slightly tail low. After touchdown the control wheel should be held full aft as the floatplane decelerates to taxi speed. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N111EZ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N111EZ), registered now, S/N 1850753, built 1964 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 185 - Registry model: [Cessna 185C](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-185c) (registry code 2072808) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 1850753 - Airframe hours: 2015 - Engines: CONTINENTAL IO-520-D 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Positioning, Part 91 - Operator: Island Wings Air Service - Registered owner: Michelle Masden - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, September 2, 1994, 45 hours before - Departed: PENINSULA POINT, AK ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 34; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine sea, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 1,100 total, 300 in this make and model, 995 as pilot in command, 45 in the last 90 days, 20 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 120° at 10 knots - Visibility: 35 statute miles - Temperature: 61 °F ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19950430009989A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19950430009989A), Apr 30, 1995: Cessna 185, Ketchikan, AK, Substantial damage. Dug in a wing landing with flat nose pitch. Left float had dug into water. Float plane flipped over. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.