# NTSB ANC98FA079: Cessna 185, N9982X, Big Lake, AK, June 18, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: June 17, 1998, 18:10 local (Jun 18, 1998, 02:10 UTC) - Place: Big Lake, AK - Coordinates: 61.459194, -150.090591 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=61.4592&lon=-150.0906&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report February 16, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Alaska Regional Office - NTSB case key (mKey): 3096 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ANC98FA079 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/3096/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC98FA079 ## Probable cause The pilot's performance of a low level maneuver. Factors were the pilot's overconfidence in his personal ability, his lack of experience in the type of airplane, and his failure to maintain adequate clearance from terrain. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Abrupt maneuver, cruise - low altitude flight/maneuver - performed, pilot in command (cause) - overconfidence in personal ability, pilot in command (contributing factor) - lack of familiarity with aircraft, pilot in command (contributing factor) - In flight collision with object, maneuvering - object - tree(s) - altitude/clearance - inadequate, pilot in command (contributing factor) ## Analysis Witnesses reported seeing the airplane entering a steep right bank toward them from level flight about 300 feet above the ground. A commercial pilot witness in the group, who estimated the bank to be 120 degrees, said the airplane reversed direction, and leveled out prior to striking trees. Postaccident inspection disclosed no evidence of preimpact mechanical anomalies with the airplane. The pilot had moved to Alaska within the previous two weeks, and was described by his employer as excited to learn to be a bush pilot. He had accumulated six hours of experience with the owner in his float equipped 300 horsepower Cessna 185, all in the previous week. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On June 17, 1998, about 1810 Alaska daylight time, a wheel equipped Cessna 185 airplane, N9982X, was destroyed when it impacted wooded terrain approximately five miles south of Big Lake, Alaska. The solo commercial pilot sustained fatal injuries. The flight was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91 as a personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident, and a company flight plan was filed. The flight departed Merrill Field, Anchorage, Alaska, for Big Lake, about 1800, after dropping off two passengers. A commercial pilot who was on the shore of the lake where the airplane came to rest, witnessed the accident. He told the NTSB investigator that he saw the airplane northbound about 300 feet above ground level. The witness said that when the airplane reached a position abeam the group of people he was with, it turned toward them and rolled into a right bank which exceeded 90 degrees. The witness said he could see the entire outline and top of the airplane, and estimated the angle of bank to be 120 degrees. The airplane descended, leveled out, and then contacted trees. It came to rest in a lake. The witness described the airplane as reversing direction almost 180 degrees during this descending turn. The witness pilot, and another witness in the same group, both told the NTSB IIC that they heard the engine noise increase during the turn. The engine noise continued until impact. Both witnesses stated it appeared the plane turned toward their group as if to fly past them. None of the persons in the group knew the pilot. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held a commercial pilot certificate with airplane single and multiengine land ratings. He also held an instrument and flight instructor rating for single engine airplanes. The pilot's second class medical certificate was issued on February 10, 1997 with no restrictions. The pilot had relocated to Alaska two weeks prior to the accident, to fly as a pilot for the owner of the airplane, in support of the owner's guide service. According to the pilot's logbook, at the time of the accident, he had accumulated 746 total hours of flight experience. In the previous 90 and 30 days, he had flown 81 and 13 hours, respectively. During the previous week, the pilot had accrued six hours of experience in a float equipped Cessna 185. Prior to relocating to Alaska, the majority of his experience was as a flight instructor in Cessna 120, Cessna 152, and Cessna 172 airplanes. He had accumulated 26 hours of experience in multiengine airplanes, 19 hours as a copilot in a Beech BE-100 King Air, and 7 hours in a Piper PA-34. The owner of the airplane described the pilot as very enthusiastic, and excited at the opportunity to be an Alaskan bush pilot. He said the pilot had graduated from college during the prior month, and moved to Alaska as soon as he was able. The pilot's personal logbook cover was titled "The Professional Pilot's Logbook." This cover had been modified in pen to read "The Professional BUSH Pilot's Logbook." AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airplane was powered by a Teledyne Continental Motors IO-520 engine rated to produce 300 horsepower. The owner had purchased the airplane one week prior to the accident. The owner had a buyer's inspection performed two weeks prior to the accident. The airplane was manufactured on August 17, 1961, and had accumulated 10,579 hours in service at the time of the accident. The maximum allowable weight of the Cessna 185 was 3,200 pounds. At the time of the accident, the estimated weight was 2,231 pounds. The center of gravity was estimated by the NTSB IIC to be within the allowable range. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION Visual meteorological conditions prevailed in the area at the time of the accident. The reported weather at Anchorage International Airport, 14 miles southeast of the accident site, at 1853, was scattered clouds at 7,000 feet, 10 miles of visibility, and winds from 320 degrees at 5 knots. COMMUNICATIONS The airplane departed Merrill Field in Anchorage about 1755. After leaving the Class D surface area, no communications were received by any Air Traffic Control facilities. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION A path was cut through trees located along the edge of the unnamed lake in which the airplane came to rest. The wreckage path extended from the first visible indication of damage to trees, for 307 feet on a magnetic bearing of 165 degrees, and ended at the fuselage and cabin. Along this path were several fresh cut tree tops which made a descent angle of approximately 15 degrees from horizontal. A one foot section of right wing and right aileron were located about 15 feet beyond the first damaged tree. Cleanly broken trees along the wreckage path made a bank angle of 35 degrees from vertical. As viewed looking in the direction of travel, the left wing was found on the right side of the wreckage path, wedged in a tree about 15 feet above the ground. The right wing was located on the ground on the left side of the wreckage path. In between these two wing sections, an 8-inch diameter tree had two clean, angled slashes, about 8 feet and 12 feet above the ground. The flaps remained attached to their respective wings and were in the retracted position. The flap handle was in the flaps retracted position. About 170 feet beyond the first indication of damaged trees, and at the bottom of the 15 degree descent path, was a 10 feet long, three feet deep crater with the engine oil cooler in the bottom. About 30 feet beyond this crater was the engine. The propeller was not located. The propeller mounting studs were examined and found to have metal deposits filling all threads. All engine controls were found in the full forward position. 130 feet beyond the crater, the fuselage came to rest in three feet of water. The instrument panel remained attached. The pilot was located in the cockpit, restrained in the left pilot seat. A strong smell of gasoline was present at the accident site on June 17. On June 18, the foliage along both sides of the wreckage path began to turn a brownish color and wilt. The fuel selector valve was found in the "BOTH" position. No preimpact anomalies were found with the flight control system, or the engine. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION A postmortem examination was performed on the pilot by the State of Alaska Medical Examiner, 5700 E. Tudor Road, Anchorage, on June 18, 1998. The examination report cited "blunt impact injuries" as the cause of death. Toxicological samples taken from the pilot were analyzed by the FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on July 22, 1998. Tetrahydrocannabinol Carboxylic Acid (THC - Marihuana) was detected in the pilot's urine at a level of 0.015 (ug/ml, ug/g). Tetrahydrocannabinol Carboxylic Acid (THC - Marihuana) was detected in the pilot's blood. According to the NTSB medical officer, the level of THC detected was below that which would indicate use immediately prior to the accident flight. SURVIVAL ASPECTS The pilot was restrained by a lap belt and shoulder harness. The restraint system and pilot seat remained attached to the aircraft structure. The structure of the airplane surrounding the pilot was deformed and collapsed inward. TESTS AND RESEARCH Both elevator control actuator rods were found separated. These were examined at the NTSB metallurgical laboratory on July 9. No evidence of preimpact failure was noted. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION The wreckage was released to the owner on June 19, 1998. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9982X](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9982X-2012-11-27), registration cancelled 2012-11-27, S/N 1850182, built 1961 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 185 - Registry model: [Cessna 185](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-185) (registry code 2072802) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 185-0182 - Airframe hours: 10579 - Engines: Continental IO-520-D 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Kenneth R. Jones - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, November 26, 1997, 11 hours before - Departed: MRI, ANCHORAGE, AK - Destination: BGQ, AK - Flight plan: Company VFR ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 24; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 746 total, 6 in this make and model, 630 as pilot in command, 81 in the last 90 days, 13 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 320° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 20,000 ft broken - Temperature: 64 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: ANC, 14 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19980617013979A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980617013979A), Jun 17, 1998: Cessna 185, Big Lake, AK, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Acft crashed under unknown circumstances, pilot suffered fatal inj, acft damage is unknown, anchorage, AK. (.4) witnesses reported seeing the airplane entering… ## Other investigations on N9982X (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB ANC83LA009](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC83LA009), Oct 29, 1982: Cessna 185 (N9982X), Stony River, AK, substantial damage - [NTSB ANC76DAG42](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC76DAG42), Aug 24, 1975: Cessna 185 (N9982X), Farewell, AK, substantial damage From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.