# NTSB ATL04LA068: Cessna 182L, N3191R, Knoxville, TN, December 16, 2003 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 16, 2003, 16:45 local (21:45 UTC) - Place: Knoxville, TN - Coordinates: 35.812221, -83.992774 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.8122&lon=-83.9928&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report July 7, 2005 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Nashville FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 58641 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL04LA068 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/58641/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL04LA068 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper flare and his inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Wind gust was a factor ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - flare - improper, pilot in command (cause) - weather condition - gusts (contributing factor) - compensation for wind conditions - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) ## Analysis The airplane was being flown to a nearby airport for an annual inspection. Upon arriving at the destination airport , the pilot checked the local weather, and discovered that the winds were 230-degrees at 16 knots gusting to 24 knots. The airport information revealed that there was a wind shear alert in effect also. The pilot stated that the flight was vectored to runway 23R, and while on the approach to land the flight encountered turbulent weather conditions. During the landing flare, the flight encountered a wind gust, and the airplane climbed several feet higher above the ground. The airplane was then slammed onto the runway and bounced several times. The pilot taxied the airplane to the ramp without further incident. The post-accident examination of the airplane revealed that the engine firewall was buckled. ## Factual narrative On December 16, 2003, at 1645 eastern standard time, a Cessna 182L, N3191R, registered to and operated by Knoxville Flyers Inc., collided with the ground during a landing on runway 23R, at McGhee Tyson International Airport in Knoxville, Tennessee. The business flight was operated under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 91 with no flight plan filed. Visual weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The commercial pilot was not injured. The airplane sustained substantial damage. The flight departed Knoxville Downtown Island Airport, Knoxville, Tennessee, on December 16, 2003 at 1630. The airplane was being flown to McGhee Tyson International Airport for an annual inspection. At 1600, the pilot checked the McGhee Tyson Airport weather, which reported that the winds were 230-degrees at 16 knots gusting to 24 knots. The pilot made a normal takeoff from Knoxville Downtown Airport at 1630. At that time, the pilot checked the McGhee Tyson Airport information which stated that the winds were 210-degrees and variable, at 15 knots and gusting. The airport information also revealed that there was a wind shear alert in effect. The pilot stated that the flight was vectored to runway 23R, and while on the approach to land the flight encountered turbulent weather conditions. During the landing flare, the flight encountered a wind gust, and the airplane climbed several feet higher above the ground, and the airplane was slammed onto the runway and bounced a few times. The pilot did not report any mechanical malfunctions with the airplane prior to the accident. After the accident, the airplane was taxied to the parking area and shutdown with no problems noted. The post-accident examination of the airplane revealed that the firewall was buckled. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N3191R](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N3191R), registered now, S/N 18258591, built 1967 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 182L - Registry model: [Cessna 182L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182l) (registry code 2072726) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18258591 - Airframe hours: 5417.7 - Engines: Continental 0-470R 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Knoxville Flyers Inc., - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, December 1, 2002, 207.3 hours before - Departed: KDKS, Knoxville, TN - Destination: KTYS, Knoxville, TN - Airport: TYS, Mc Ghee Tyson, runway 23R, 9,005 × 150 ft, concrete ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 50; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review March 12, 2003; flight hours: 401 total, 9 in this make and model, 13 in the last 90 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC) - Wind: 190° at 8 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 59 °F, dew point 45 °F - Altimeter: 29.87 inHg - Observed at: TYS ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20031216035209A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20031216035209A), Dec 16, 2003: Cessna 182L, Knoxville, TN, Substantial damage. (-23) On December 16, 2003, at 1645 EST, a Cessna 182, N3191R, registered to and operated by Knoxville flyers, inc., collided with the ground during a landing… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.