# NTSB ATL85FA089: Douglas DC-3, N28BA, Charlotte, NC, February 5, 1985

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Field investigation · Final report
- Date: February 5, 1985, 06:53 local (11:53 UTC)
- Place: Charlotte, NC
- Coordinates: 35.260498, -80.819847 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.2605&lon=-80.8198&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Standing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/150) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 6595
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL85FA089
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/6595/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL85FA089

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Miscellaneous/other, standing - pre-flight
  - wing - ice (contributing factor)
  - ice/frost removal from aircraft - not performed, pilot in command (cause)
  - weather condition - icing conditions (contributing factor)
  - weather evaluation - disregarded, pilot in command (cause)
- In flight encounter with weather, takeoff - initial climb
  - flight control,elevator surface - ice (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - icing conditions (contributing factor)
  - overconfidence in personal ability, pilot in command (contributing factor)
- Forced landing, landing - flare/touchdown
  - wing,skin - ice (contributing factor)
  - flight control,elevator attachment - ice (contributing factor)
  - weather evaluation - poor, pilot in command (cause)
- Overrun, landing - roll
  - window - ice (contributing factor)
  - visual/aural perception, pilot in command (cause)
- On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll
  - terrain condition - ditch

## Analysis

THE PLT ATTEMPTED AN INSRUMENT DEPARTURE FROM CHARLOTTE, NC, WITHOUT DEICING THE ACFT WHICH WITNESSES STATED, HAD ICE ON THE AIRFRAME. DURING CLIMBOUT, THE PLT WAS NOT ABLE TO MAINTAIN ELEVATOR CONTROL SO HE RETURNED TO LAND AT CHARLOTTE.DURING THE LANDING ROLL THE ACFT TRAVELED OFF THE DEPARTURE END OF THE RWY. THE WINDSHIELDS WERE REPORTED TO HAVE BEEN COVERED WITH ICE AND VISUAL LOOKOUT WAS DIFFICULT.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N28BA](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N28BA-1988-07-12), registration cancelled 1988-07-12, S/N 4583 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: DOUGLAS DC-3
- Registry model: [Douglas C-47](https://openairdocs.org/model/douglas-c-47) (registry code 3021461) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 4583
- Airframe hours: 23158
- Engines: P&W R1830-9005 1200 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Part 121
- Operator: Bo-S-Aire Airlines, Inc., doing business as Bo - S Aire Airlines,Inc.
- Registered owner: Bo-S-Aire Airlines, Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Transport
- Departed: CHARLOTTE, NC
- Destination: CHARLESTON, SC
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: CLT, Charlotte/Douglas, runway 18L, 7,845 × 150 ft, concrete

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 34; airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 4,700 total

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark
- Wind: 50° at 8 knots
- Visibility: 7 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 4,000 ft overcast
- Temperature: 28 °F, dew point 25 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: CLT

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19850205002269A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19850205002269A), Feb 5, 1985: Doug C47, Charlotte, NC, Substantial damage. Landed and taxiied off runway end. Could not see taxiway lights, ice on windshield. Failed to deice prior to flight

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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