# NTSB ATL91LA114: Cessna 182R, N851CA, Dothan, AL, June 18, 1991

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: June 18, 1991, 13:25 local (18:25 UTC)
- Place: Dothan, AL
- Coordinates: 31.22919, -85.400901 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=31.2292&lon=-85.4009&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report March 31, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 8422
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL91LA114
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/8422/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL91LA114

## Probable cause

LACK OF SUPERVISION BY THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR WHO ALLOWED A DUAL STUDENT TO MAKE A HARD LANDING.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown
  - flare - inadequate, dual student (cause)
  - lack of total experience in type of aircraft, dual student (contributing factor)
  - remedial action - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause)

## Analysis

THE DUAL STUDENT WAS GIVEN A SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE AT ABOUT 100 FEET AGL ON INITIAL TAKEOFF.  HE LOWERED THE NOSE TO ESTABLISH A 75-KNOT GLIDE. A RAPID SINK RATE DEVELOPED, AND HE DID NOT FLARE THE AIRPLANE IN TIME TO PREVENT A HARD LANDING.  THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR DID NOT INTERVENE WITH THE PILOT'S ACTIONS PRIOR TO THE IMPACT WITH THE RUNWAY.  THE INSTRUCTOR THEN PERFORMED A GO-AROUND AND LANDED THE AIRPLANE AFTER SURVEYING THE AIRCRAFT DAMAGE.  THE DUAL STUDENT (W/COMMERCIAL RATING) HAD A TOTAL LOGGED FLIGHT TIME OF 1,872 HOURS, BUT ONLY 25 HOURS IN FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N851CA](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N851CA), registered now, S/N 18267851 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 182R
- Registry model: [Cessna 182R](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182r) (registry code 2072731) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 182-67851
- Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470-U 230 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Operator: Flight Safety International
- Registered owner: Flight Safety International
- Flight plan: Company VFR
- Airport: DHN, Dothan, runway 13, 8,498 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 34; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: right; flight hours: 3,653 total, 174 in this make and model, 2,930 as pilot in command, 199 in the last 90 days, 72 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 230° at 6 knots
- Visibility: 7 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 2,000 ft broken
- Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 72 °F
- Altimeter: 29.00 inHg
- Observed at: DHN, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19910618022459A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19910618022459A), Jun 18, 1991: Cessna 182R, Dothan, AL, Substantial damage. Gave student engine out on takeoff,student put nose down but failed to flare for landing. CFI failed to correct.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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