# NTSB ATL94LA032: Cessna 152, N25566, Edisto Island, SC, December 26, 1993 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 26, 1993, 15:30 local (20:30 UTC) - Place: Edisto Island, SC - Coordinates: 32.560276, -80.2798 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.5603&lon=-80.2798&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report September 7, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 3334 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL94LA032 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/3334/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL94LA032 ## Probable cause FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO USE CARBURETOR HEAT, WHILE MANEUVERING AND CHANGING ALTITUDES, WHICH RESULTED IN CARBURETOR ICE. A FACTOR RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THAT WEATHER CONDITIONS WERE FAVORABLE FOR THE FORMATION OF CARBURETOR ICE. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, maneuvering - weather condition - carburetor icing conditions (contributing factor) - fuel system,carburetor - ice (cause) - carburetor heat - not used, pilot in command (cause) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - On ground/water collision with object, landing - flare/touchdown - object - tree(s) ## Analysis THE STUDENT PILOT WAS PERFORMING A SUPERVISED SOLO INSTRUCTIONAL FLIGHT, WHICH INCLUDED UPPER AIR MANEUVER PRACTICE. DURING A DESCENT, THERE WAS A TOTAL LOSS OF ENGINE POWER. AFTER AN UNSUCCESSFUL RESTART ATTEMPT, AN OPEN FIELD WAS SELECTED FOR A FORCED LANDING. DURING THE LANDING ROLL, THE AIRPLANE STRUCK BRUSH AND TREES, AND WAS DAMAGED. POST-ACCIDENT EXAMINATION OF THE ENGINE FAILED TO REVEAL ANY EVIDENCE OF A MECHANICAL FAILURE, AND THE ENGINE WAS RUN UP TO FULL POWER ON A TEST PLATFORM. WEATHER CONDITIONS AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT WERE CONDUCIVE TO THE FORMATION OF CARBURETOR ICE. THE PILOT DID NOT REPORT THE USE OF CARBURETOR HEAT WHILE MANEUVERING. ## Factual narrative On December 26, 1993, at 1530 eastern standard time, a Cessna 152, N25566, collided with trees while attempting a forced landing in a field near Johns Island, South Carolina. The instructional flight operated under 14 CFR Part 91 with no flight plan filed. Visual weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The airplane sustained substantial damage and the student pilot received minor injuries. The supervised solo flight departed Johns Island, South Carolina, at 1430 hours. According to the student pilot, he had flown to the training area to practice upper air maneuvers. During the practice session, the pilot reported changing altitude and finally descending to 1500 feet. While descending to 1500 feet the student experienced a complete loss of engine power; at no time during the maneuvering and altitude changing did the pilot report using carburetor heat. He attempted an engine restart but failed. Finally, the student pilot selected a hay field and attempted a forced landing. During the landing roll, the airplane collided with trees about 1000 feet from the touchdown point. The subsequent examination of the aircraft and engine assembly failed to disclose a mechanical problem. A functional run of the engine, on the airframe, disclosed that all engine sub-systems were functionally and the engine operated up to full power. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N25566](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N25566-2008-04-11), registration cancelled 2008-04-11, S/N 15280734, built 1977 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 152 - Registry model: [Cessna 152](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-152) (registry code 2071835) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-235 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-235-series) (registry code 41505, 4 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 15280734 - Airframe hours: 6282 - Engines: LYCOMING O-235-L2C 110 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: New Charleston Flight Academy - Registered owner: Horizon Aviation Services Inc - Last inspection: 100 hour, December 23, 1993, 7 hours before - Departed: JZI, JOHNS ISLAND, SC - Airport: JZ1, Charleston Executive, runway 27, 5,000 × 150 ft ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 16; student; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 54 total, 50 in this make and model, 26 as pilot in command, 9 in the last 90 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 230° at 12 knots - Visibility: 15 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 45 °F, dew point 30 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: CHS, 15 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19931226047209A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19931226047209A), Dec 26, 1993: Cessna 152, Charleston, SC, Substantial damage. Failed to use carburetor heat on extended descent. Lost power. Overshot a hay field and ran into trees landing. ## Other investigations on N25566 (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB MIA06LA064](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA06LA064), Mar 16, 2006: Cessna 152 (N25566), Sanford, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: A loss of engine power during takeoff-initial climb due to contamination (debris) lodged in the carburetor jet, which resulted in a forced landing and collision with trees. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.