# NTSB ATL95LA017: WSK PZL Mielec TS-11 Iskra, N619R, Shelby, NC, November 20, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: November 20, 1994, 18:10 local (23:10 UTC) - Place: Shelby, NC - Coordinates: 35.279331, -81.540946 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.2793&lon=-81.5409&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report October 13, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 3498 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL95LA017 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/3498/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA017 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN LANDING APPROACH SPEED, WHICH RESULTED IN A FINAL APPROACH STALL. FACTORS WERE THE NIGHT LIGHTING CONDITIONS, AND THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO USE THE LANDING LIGHT. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - light condition - dark night (contributing factor) - landing lights - not used, pilot in command (contributing factor) - landing light(s) - not activated (contributing factor) - airspeed(vref) - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - stall - encountered, pilot in command (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled ## Analysis THE PILOT WAS RETURNING TO HIS HOME AIRPORT AFTER A CROSS COUNTRY FLIGHT. EARLIER, HE HAD MENTIONED THAT THE INSTRUMENT LIGHTING SYSTEM IN THE AIRCRAFT WAS INADEQUATE, AND EXPRESSED A DESIRE TO REACH THE AIRPORT BEFORE DARK. A WITNESS HEARD THE PILOT CALL ON UNICOM THAT HE WAS TURNING BASE TO FINAL. THE WITNESS OBSERVED THE AIRCRAFT ROLL OUT ON FINAL, WITH NO LANDING LIGHT ON. HE REPORTED THAT IT WAS DARK AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT. WHILE ON FINAL APPROACH, THE AIRCRAFT ROLLED RIGHT, THEN SUDDENLY TO THE LEFT. THE AIRCRAFT THEN DISAPPEARED BEHIND A RIDGE AND IMPACTED THE GROUND, ABOUT 300 FEET SHORT OF THE LANDING RUNWAY. THE AIRCRAFT WAS DESTROYED BY IMPACT FORCES AND FIRE. WITNESSES REPORTED THAT THE ENGINE SOUNDED LIKE IT WAS AT IDLE THRUST DURING THE APPROACH. ## Factual narrative On November 20, 1994, at 1810 eastern standard time, a WK-PZL-Mielec TS-11 Iskra, N619R, collided with terrain during the final approach to the Shelby Municipal Airport, in Shelby, North Carolina. The private pilot was fatally injured, and the aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and fire. The aircraft was operated under 14 CFR Part 91 by the pilot. Night, visual meteorological conditions existed at the time, and no flight plan was on file for the personal flight. The flight originated in Gadsden, Alabama, at an undetermined time. The pilot departed from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, about 1400 central standard time, on the afternoon of the accident. He had planned an enroute stop in Gadsden for fuel. He arrived in Gadsden, and refueled the aircraft. He then departed Gadsden for Shelby. A pilot, who was at the fixed base operator (FBO) of the Shelby Airport, witnessed the accident. He stated that it was dark at the time, and he observed no landing light on the aircraft, only the red and green navigation lights. He heard the pilot make a radio call that he was "turning base to final." The aircraft rolled out on final, with no landing light illuminated. The aircraft rolled to the right, about 30 degrees, then suddenly to the left. The aircraft disappeared below a ridge, and burst into flames. The engine sounded as if it were at idle thrust during the approach. The aircraft impacted the ground about 300 feet short of runway 5. The initial ground impact scars were oriented on a magnetic heading of 40 degrees. The left wing was found in fragments between the initial impact area and the main wreckage. The right wing remained attached to the fuselage. The main wreckage was located about 172 feet short of runway 5. The pilot was operating the aircraft under a Letter of Authorization (LOA) issued by the Birmingham, Alabama Flight Standards District Office (Federal Aviation Administration). The letter, dated August 31, 1994, superseded a previous LOA. The previous LOA restricted flight in the accident aircraft to day, visual flight rules only. The August 31 LOA removed that restriction. The accident pilot had made remarks prior to the accident that he thought the instrument lighting system in N619R was inadequate. The pilot also expressed concerns on the afternoon prior to the accident that he needed to arrive at his destination (Shelby) before dark. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N619R](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N619R-2013-09-20), registration cancelled 2013-09-20, S/N 1H0619 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: WSK PZL Mielec TS-11 ISKRA (TS-11 ISKR) - Registry model: [Wsk-Pzl-Mielec TS-11 ISKRA](https://openairdocs.org/model/wsk-pzl-mielec-ts-11-iskra) (registry code 9810107) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Amateur-built UNKNOWN ENG](https://openairdocs.org/engine/amateur-built-unknown-eng) (registry code 99999) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 1H0619 - Engines: PZL-RZESZOW SO-3 2205 lbs thrust turbo jet - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Matule, Richard L. - Registered owner: Ts-11 Corp. - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Departed: GAD, GADSDEN, AL - Destination: EHO, NC - Airport: EHO, Shelby Municipal, runway 5, 4,298 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 53; private; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; toxicology performed; flight hours: 4,200 total, 4,090 as pilot in command ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark - Wind: 50° at 6 knots - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 28 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: CLT, 32 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19941120038559A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19941120038559A), Nov 20, 1994: Wsk TS11ISKRA, Shelby, NC, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Lost visual reference on final due dark night and inadequate panel lights. Crashed short. No landing lights. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.