# NTSB ATL95LA109: Cessna 188, N4916Q, Red Springs, NC, June 13, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: June 13, 1995, 19:30 local (23:30 UTC) - Place: Red Springs, NC - Coordinates: 34.810745, -79.180953 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=34.8107&lon=-79.1810&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report October 13, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 3570 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL95LA109 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/3570/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL95LA109 ## Probable cause INADEQUATE MAINTENANCE THAT OVERLOOKED CORROSION OF THE EXHAUST MANIFOLD, WHICH RESULTED IN AN EXHAUST MANIFOLD LEAK, AN IN FLIGHT FIRE, AND A COMPLETE LOSS OF ENGINE POWER. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Fire, maneuvering - aerial application - exhaust system,manifold/pipe - corroded (cause) - exhaust system,manifold/pipe - leak (cause) - maintenance - inadequate, other maintenance personnel (cause) - Loss of engine power, maneuvering - aerial application - induction air control,air filter/screen - blocked(partial) - Forced landing, emergency descent/landing - In flight collision with object, maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency) - object - tree(s) ## Analysis THE PILOT REPORTED THAT HE NOTICED A BURNING SMELL, SHORTLY BEFORE HE LOST COMPLETE ENGINE POWER. THE PILOT SELECTED A NEARBY FIELD, AND ATTEMPTED AN EMERGENCY LANDING. WHILE MANEUVERING FOR THE LANDING, THE AIRCRAFT COLLIDED WITH TREES. AN EXAMINATION OF THE ENGINE REVEALED A HOLE IN THE EXHAUST MANIFOLD CAUSED BY CORROSION. THERE WERE INDICATIONS OF FIRE ON THE AIRCRAFT AIR FILTER COVER, THAT HAD BEEN THE RESULT OF EXHAUST GASES BLOWING DIRECTLY ON IT. AN ENGINE RUN WAS PERFORMED AFTER THE AIR FILTER WAS REMOVED AND THE ENGINE RAN WELL AT ALL RPMS. ## Factual narrative On June 13, 1995, at 1930 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 188 N4916Q, collided with a tree during an emergency landing attempt to a field near Red Springs, North Carolina. The aerial application flight operated under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 137 with no flight plan filed. Visual weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The airplane received substantial damage; the pilot was not injured. The flight departed Raeford, North Carolina, at 1900 hours. The pilot reported a burning odor in the aircraft during a spraying run. He then experienced a complete loss of engine power. The pilot selected a nearby field, and attempted an emergency landing. While maneuvering for the emergency landing, the airplane collided with a tree. A post crash examination of the engine was done by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). A removal of the engine cowling revealed that the exhaust manifold was corroded, and had developed a hole in the rear side of it. There were indications of fire on the aircraft air filter cover that had been the result of exhaust hot air blowing directly on it. There were indications in the fuel injection system that fuel had been present at the time of impact. The propeller showed signs that no power was being developed at the time of impact. There were no other indications of engine failure. A balanced propeller was put on the engine and a run was performed at various RPMs. The engine quit after a short period of time. A removal of the air filter cover revealed the air filter to be severely burned. A removal of intake manifolds revealed residue to be present that matched the type of material that the air filter was made of. The air filter was removed. Another engine run was performed with various RPMs and the engine ran well at all RPMs. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N4916Q](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N4916Q-2016-11-01), registration cancelled 2016-11-01, S/N 18802651T (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 188 - Registry model: [Cessna A188B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-a188b) (registry code 2073005) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18802651T - Airframe hours: 3448 - Engines: CONTINENTAL IO-520-D 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Aerial application, Part 137 - Registered owner: Mcmillan, Richard E. - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Restricted (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, March 23, 1995, 4 hours before - Departed: NONE ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 51; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: center; flight hours: 4,100 total, 3,783 in this make and model, 3,991 as pilot in command, 45 in the last 90 days, 45 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 10° at 9 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 73 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: FAY, 12 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19950613032209A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19950613032209A), Jun 13, 1995: Cessna A188B, Red Springs, NC, Substantial damage. Lost power. Struck tree landing. Exhaust manifold corroded. Hole allowed gases blow on air filter cover. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.