# NTSB ATL96LA019: Piper PA-28-180, N180KH, Athens, GA, December 6, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 6, 1995, 08:13 local (13:13 UTC) - Place: Athens, GA - Coordinates: 33.910305, -83.319679 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.9103&lon=-83.3197&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 2 serious - Status: Completed, report July 11, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 3676 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL96LA019 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/3676/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL96LA019 ## Probable cause The mechanic's failure to adequately inspect and repair the engine, which resulted in engine oil contamination, and the subsequent loss of engine power. A factor was the low ceiling. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - mech failure/malf, cruise - fluid,oil - contamination,other than water (cause) - maintenance,major repair - inadequate, other maintenance personnel (cause) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - In flight collision with terrain/water, maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency) - weather condition - low ceiling (contributing factor) ## Analysis During cruise flight, in instrument meteorological conditions, the engine quit. The pilot established an emergency descent, and received radar vectors to a nearby airport. Subsequently, the airplane collided with the ground one mile east of the airport. A post accident examination of the engine disclosed that the engine oil was contaminated with aluminum flakes, and several internal components were damaged. The number 3 piston pin was scored, and the cylinder wall was damaged. A review of the aircraft maintenance logs disclosed that six flight hours prior to the engine failure, aluminum flakes were discovered in the engine oil. According to the mechanic who repaired the engine, the number 2 and 4 cylinder piston pin caps were scored. The mechanic flushed the engine of the metal flakes and repaired the number 2 and 4 cylinders. ## Factual narrative On December 6, 1995, at 0813 eastern standard time, a Piper PA- 28-180, N180KH, collided with the ground as the pilot attempted a forced landing in a field one mile east of the Athens/Ben Epps Airport in Athens, Georgia. The business flight operated under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 91 with an instrument flight plan filed. Instrument weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The airplane sustained substantial damage, and the pilot and passenger were seriously injured. The flight departed LaGrange, Georgia, at 0700 hours. According to Atlanta Center, the instrument flight was at a cruise altitude of 7,000 feet when the pilot reported a loss of engine power. As the pilot established an emergency descent, the controller issued the flight radar vectors to the Athens Ben Epps Airport. The pilot continued the emergency descent and collided with the ground two miles east of the airport. During the preliminary examination of the engine, a hole was discovered in the vicinity of the number 2 cylinder. Further examination of the engine assembly disclosed that, aluminum and abrasive ferrous flakes had circulated throughout the entire internal lubrication route. The examination also disclosed the failure of the number two connecting rod and bearing assemblies. Excessive wear was noted on the camshaft, valve tappets and piston pins. The teardowm examination also discovered that number 3 piston caps and cylinder wall were also scored. A review of the aircraft maintenance logs revealed that the number 2 and the number 4 piston pin plugs were replaced and the oil system was flushed of aluminum flakes 6 days, and six flight hours before the accident. According to the mechanic, during the 100 hour inspection, metal flakes were discovered in the engine oil filter and strainer. His inspection of the engine determined that the piston end caps on number 2 and 4 cylinders were scored and had been rubbing the respective cylinder walls. The mechanic said he used a magnet to check the metal flakes for ferrous materials; no ferrous materials were recovered from the metal flakes. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N180KH](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N180KH-2003-12-12), registration cancelled 2003-12-12, S/N 28-3830, built 1966 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper PA-28-180 - Registry model: [Piper PA-28-180](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-180) (registry code 7102808) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming O&VO-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-o-vo-360-series) (registry code 41514, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 28-3830 - Airframe hours: 3110 - Engines: Lycoming O-360-A2A 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Business, Part 91 - Registered owner: Troup County Airport - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 13, 1995, 200 hours before - Departed: LGC, LAGRANGE, GA - Destination: SPA, SPARTENBURG, SC - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: AHN, Athens/Ben Epps, runway 27, 5,500 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 36; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 420 total, 75 in this make and model, 384 as pilot in command, 80 in the last 90 days, 37 in the last 30 days, 111 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day - Wind: 260° at 4 knots - Lowest ceiling: 100 ft - Temperature: 46 °F, dew point 46 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: AHN, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19951206040079A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19951206040079A), Dec 6, 1995: Piper PA28180, Athens, GA, Substantial damage. Engine quit IMC. Got vectors to airport but crashed one mile short. Metal in oil. NR2, NR4 piston caps were scored. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.