# NTSB ATL98FA025: Cessna A150K, N1218M, Jacksonville, FL, December 17, 1997 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: December 17, 1997, 12:15 local (17:15 UTC) - Place: Jacksonville, FL - Coordinates: 30.360326, -81.510574 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=30.3603&lon=-81.5106&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 2 fatal - Status: Completed, report October 30, 1998 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 3923 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ATL98FA025 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/3923/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ATL98FA025 ## Probable cause the pilot's failure to maintain adequate flying speed following a banner pick up, which resulted in a stall and an uncontrolled collision with the ground. A related factor was: the pilot allowed the maximum certificated gross weight of the airplane to be exceeded. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, climb - aircraft weight and balance - exceeded, pilot in command (contributing factor) - low altitude flight/maneuver - initiated, pilot in command - airspeed - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - stall - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled ## Analysis The pilot (PIC) began a routine banner tow mission with a 2nd pilot aboard. The airplane was observed to approach for the banner pick-up. A witness indicated the approach and pick-up appeared normal. After the banner hook-up, the pilot initiated a climb attitude. Seconds into the climb, the airplane was observed in a steep nose up attitude. Subsequently, the airplane collided with the ground several hundred feet northeast of the banner pickup point in a nose down attitude. The eyewitness also stated that the engine continued to run throughout the maneuver. The airframe damage was typical of a stall impact. The 2nd pilot was a contract sales person for the banner tow operation, but was not cleared as a banner tow pilot. The aircraft's maximum certificated gross weight was 1600 pounds. The actual gross weight at takeoff was calculated to be 1647 pounds. The banner weighed 35 pounds. Examination of the airframe and engine assembly failed to disclose a mechanical malfunction or a component failure. ## Factual narrative HISTORT OF FLIGHT On December 17, 1997, at 1215 eastern standard time, a Cessna A150K, N1218M, collided with the ground, according to witnesses, following a banner pick-up at Craig Municipal Airport in Jacksonville, Florida. The banner tow flight operated under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 91 with no flight plan filed. A review of recovered weather data disclosed that visual weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The airplane sustained substantial airframe damage. The two commerical rated pilots were fatally injured. The local banner tow flight departed Craig Municipal Airport in Jacksonville, Florida, at 1210. According to the operator, the pilot departed on a routine banner tow mission. A company employee, directly associated with this banner tow mission recalled that the pilot had established a final approach to runway 05, for the banner pick-up. The approach and pick-up appeared normal. After the banner hook-up, the pilot initiated a climb attitude. Seconds into the climb, the airplane was observed in a steep nose up attitude. The employee, who also photographed the initial phase of the climbout, further recalled that the airplane banked slightly to the right, followed by what the tower controller described a left wing dip and a left spin. The airplane collided with the ground several hundred feet northeast of the banner pickup point. The eyewitness also stated that the engine continued to run throughout the maneuver (see attached witness statement). PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held a commercial pilot certificate with a single engine, multi-engine and instrument airplane rating. His last medical certificate, a second class, was dated April 24, 1997, and contained the limitation that the pilot needed to wear corrective lens to exercise the privileges of the airman's certificate. All information on pilot flight time and flight currency was provided by the operator. Additional personnel information is contained in this report o page 3 under "First Pilot Information." Information about the second pilot is provided in NTSB Form 6120.4 Supplement "E." According to the operator, the second pilot was a contract sales person for the banner tow operation but was not cleared as a banner tow pilot. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION A review of the aircraft maintenance logs disclosed that the last weight and balance was completed on June 5, 1996. The aircraft gross weight was 1600 pounds, and the aircraft useful load was 410 pounds. According to FAA medical certificates, the pilot and his passenger weights were 174 pounds and 175 pounds respectively. According to the operator, the flight departed with approximately 18 gallons of fuel onboard. The aircraft maximum gross weight at takeoff was 1647 pounds. The operator reported that the banner weighed about 35 pounds. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION A review of weather data recovered from the Craig Airport Control Tower disclosed that visual weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. Additional information about the weather is contained on page 3 and 4 under the data field titled "Weather Information". WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION Examination of the accident site revealed that the airplane rested in a nose down attitude adjacent to the paved runway. The aircraft wreckage was orientated on a 230 degree magnetic heading. . All wreckage debris was located within the immediate vicinity of the main wreckage. Examination of the wing assembly disclosed that the structural support was deflected down and aft of the normally installed position. The outboard wing tips were displaced aft and vertical from their original positions. Crushing and chordwise impact damage was noted along the entire span of the leading edge of the wing assembly. Both wing struts remained attached to the bottom of the wing assembly. The empennage section of the airframe was torn from the fuselage aft the rear bulkhead. The flight control cables remained attached throughout the assembly and flight controls. Flight control movement was also established during the onsite phase of the wreckage examination. The rudder assembly and the elevator controls also sustained impact damage The main fuselage and nose section of the airframe rested in a nose attitude. The engine assembly was buried several inches into the ground. The engine assembly was displaced aft into the firewall, and the firewall was also displaced aft into the cockpit. Examination of the cockpit disclosed that the instrument panel and the flight control yokes were also displaced aft from their normally installed positions. Further examination of the cockpit disclosed that the center and common seatbelt attach fitting bolt, for both seatbelts, was bent and the threads had been striped; the security nut was not recovered. The engine assembly was removed from the accident site for further examination. During the off site engine examination, both magnetos produced ignition sparks to all spark plugs. The spark plugs showed normal wear. A thumb compression check was accomplished, and each cylinder produced what appeared to have been normal compression. Approximately 18 gallons of fuel were recovered from the fuel system. Examination of the airframe and engine assembly failed to disclose a mechanical malfunction or a component failure. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION A postmortem examination of the pilot was conducted by Dr. Martarita Arruza on December 18, 1997 at the office of the Medical Examiner in Jacksonville, Florida. Toxicological examinations of the pilot were conducted by the Toxicology and Research Laboratory, FAA. The toxicology examinations were negative for drugs and alcohol. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. The aircraft wreckage was released to Mr. Harry Brooks of Carson and Brooks, insurance adjuster, of Atlanta, Georgia. A review of the certificate of waiver issued by the Federal Aviation Administration August 11, 1997, did not list the second pilot on board the airplane as an approved pilot to operate the airplane for banner tow operations. The certificate of waiver further states that only crew members essential to the operation should be carried on the banner tow flight. The typical banner tow flight requires only one pilot. According to the operator, the second pilot was not approved for this flight. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1218M](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N1218M-2012-06-07), registration cancelled 2012-06-07, S/N A15000018, built 1969 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna A150K - Registry model: [Cessna A150K](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-a150k) (registry code 2071824) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental 0-200 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-0-200-series) (registry code 17020, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: A15000018 - Airframe hours: 6333 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-E20 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Part 91 - Registered owner: Beach Banners Of Jax Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Aerobatic - Last inspection: 100 hour, December 15, 1997, 7 hours before - Departed: CRG - Airport: CRG, Craig Municipal, runway 5, 4,000 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 29; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; toxicology performed; flight hours: 700 total, 210 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 290° at 7 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 30 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: CRG ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19971217039059A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19971217039059A), Dec 17, 1997: Cessna A150K, Jacksonville, FL, Substantial damage, 2 fatal. Picked up banner tow then stalled and spun in. Nose high climbout. Over gross wt. Second pilot not authorized. (-23) airman was conducting banner tow… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.