# NTSB BFO92FA031: Cessna 210K, N8104G, Frederick, MD, March 6, 1992

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report
- Date: March 6, 1992, 07:45 local (11:45 UTC)
- Place: Frederick, MD
- Coordinates: 39.419445, -77.409637 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.4194&lon=-77.4096&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: Fatal
- Injuries: 2 fatal
- Status: Completed, report October 28, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 11717
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=BFO92FA031
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/11717/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO92FA031

## Probable cause

THE PILOT'S IMPROPER IFR OPERATION AND DESCENT BELOW THE ILS GLIDESLOPE AND DECISION HEIGHT, WHICH RESULTED IN AN INFLIGHT COLLISION WITH TREES.  THE WEATHER CONDITION AND LACK OF A RECENT WEATHER BRIEFING WERE RELATED FACTORS.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- In flight collision with object, approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (ifr)
  - preflight planning/preparation - inadequate, pilot in command (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - low ceiling (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - fog (contributing factor)
  - ifr procedure - improper, pilot in command (cause)
  - proper glidepath - not maintained, pilot in command (cause)
  - decision height - not used, pilot in command (cause)
  - object - tree(s)

## Analysis

THE PILOTS WERE ON THE FIRST LEG OF A PERSONAL FLIGHT.  THE PILOT-IN-COMMAND HAD OBTAINED A WEATHER BRIEFING ON THE PREVIOUS NIGHT, BUT HAD NOT UPDATED IT ON THE DAY OF THE FLIGHT.  THE WEATHER AT THE DESTINATION AIRPORT WAS IN PART: 100 FT OVERCAST, REDUCED VISIBILITY WITH FOG, WIND FROM 020 DEG AT 7 KTS.  ON THE FIRST APPROACH, THE PILOT EXECUTED A MISSED APPROACH, BUT DID NOT FOLLOW THE MISSED APPROACH PROCEDURE.  THE MISSED APPROACH PROCEDURE WAS TO CLIMB TO 1000 FT MSL ON THE RUNWAY HEADING, THEN TURN LEFT, WHILE CONTINUING THE CLIMB TO 2800 FT VIA THE LOCALIZER COURSE TO THE OUTER MARKER.  INSTEAD, HE CIRCLED TO THE RIGHT OVER THE CITY AND REQUESTED ANOTHER APPROACH.  ON THE SECOND APPROACH, HE FLEW TO THE LEFT OF THE LOCALIZER AND DESCENDED BELOW THE GLIDE SLOPE AND DECISION HEIGHT.  THE AIRCRAFT IMPACTED TREES ON A HILL ABOUT 200 FEET BELOW THE ILS DECISION HEIGHT AND 1.85 MI FROM THE APPROACH END OF RUNWAY 23.  A POST- ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REVEALED NO EVIDENCE OF A PREEXISTING MECHANICAL FAILURE.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N8104G](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N8104G-1992-08-21), registration cancelled 1992-08-21, S/N 21059404 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 210K
- Registry model: [Cessna 210K](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-210k) (registry code 2073446) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 21059404
- Airframe hours: 3551
- Engines: CONTINENTAL IO-520-L 300 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Destroyed
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: Harry V. Felmey
- Registered owner: Harry V. Felmey
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Annual, February 16, 1992, 4 hours before
- Departed: ILM, WILMINGTON, DE
- Destination: FDK
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: FDK, Frederick Municipal, runway 23, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 62; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,500 total

## Weather

- Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day
- Wind: 20° at 7 knots
- Lowest ceiling: 100 ft overcast
- Temperature: 43 °F, dew point -0 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: FDK, 2 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19920306005219A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19920306005219A), Mar 6, 1992: Cessna 210, Frederick, MD, Destroyed, 2 fatal. Weather below minima. Missed.did not follow procedure. Circled got another try descended off LOC below dh. Hit trees.

## Other investigations on N8104G (1)

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

- [NTSB NYC76FFA09](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC76FFA09), Aug 19, 1975: Cessna 210 (N8104G), Cooperstown, NY, substantial damage

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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