# NTSB BFO93LA006: Cessna 182, N91868, Suffolk, VA, November 11, 1992 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: November 11, 1992, 13:45 local (18:45 UTC) - Place: Suffolk, VA - Coordinates: 36.699104, -76.630363 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=36.6991&lon=-76.6304&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 5 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 30, 1993 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 11881 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=BFO93LA006 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/11881/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA006 ## Probable cause (aircraft 2) FAILURE OF THE PILOTS IN THE CESSNA 182 TO VISUALLY IDENTIFY AND AVOID THE CESSNA 150 (INADEQUATE VISUAL LOOKOUT). A FACTOR RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WAS: USE OF A NONSTANDARD ENTRY INTO THE TRAFFIC PATTERN BY THE CESSNA 182 FLIGHT CREW. ## Probable cause (aircraft 1) FAILURE OF THE PILOTS IN THE CESSNA 182 TO VISUALLY IDENTIFY AND AVOID THE CESSNA 150 (INADEQUATE VISUAL LOOKOUT). A FACTOR RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WAS: USE OF A NONSTANDARD ENTRY INTO THE TRAFFIC PATTERN BY THE CESSNA 182 FLIGHT CREW. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Midair collision, approach - vfr pattern - downwind - vfr procedures - not followed, pilot in command(cfi) (contributing factor) - visual lookout - inadequate, dual student (cause) - visual lookout - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - Midair collision, approach - vfr pattern - downwind - vfr procedures - not followed, pilot of other aircraft (contributing factor) - visual lookout - inadequate, pilot of other aircraft (cause) ## Analysis (aircraft 2) CESSNA 182, N91868, COLLIDED IN FLIGHT WITH CESSNA 150, N63532, WHILE BOTH WERE IN A LEFT TRAFFIC PATTERN. THE CESSNA 150 PILOTS (CHECK PILOT AND PILOT BEING EVALUATED) HAD JUST LANDED AND TOOK OFF AGAIN FOR ANOTHER PATTERN AS THE CESSNA 182 PILOTS WERE ENTERING THE PATTERN TO LAND. AS THE CESSNA 150 WAS ROLLING OUT ON A LEFT DOWNWIND, THE LEFT SEAT PILOT OBSERVED THE CESSNA 182 CONVERGING FROM BEHIND AND FROM THE LEFT, SO HE 'PULLED THE NOSE SHARPLY UP.' MEANWHILE, THE PASSENGER IN THE CESSNA 182 ALERTED THE CFI AND STUDENT PILOT IN THE FRONT SEATS THAT THE CESSNA 150 WAS CONVERGING FROM THE RIGHT. THE CFI IN THE CESSNA 182 TOOK THE CONTROLS AND 'MADE A SHARP LEFT TURN.' THE AIRPLANES COLLIDED, BUT WERE LANDED SAFELY. THE CESSNA 150 CHECK PILOT STATED THAT THE CESSNA 182 PILOTS HAD MADE A NONSTANDARD ENTRY INTO THE TRAFFIC PATTERN. ## Analysis (aircraft 1) CESSNA 182, N91868, COLLIDED IN FLIGHT WITH CESSNA 150, N63532, WHILE BOTH WERE IN A LEFT TRAFFIC PATTERN. THE CESSNA 150 PILOTS (CHECK PILOT AND PILOT BEING EVALUATED) HAD JUST LANDED AND TOOK OFF AGAIN FOR ANOTHER PATTERN, AS THE CESSNA 182 PILOTS WERE ENTERING THE PATTERN TO LAND. AS THE CESSNA 150 WAS ROLLING OUT ON A LEFT DOWNWIND, THE LEFT SEAT PILOT OBSERVED THE CESSNA 182 CONVERGING FROM BEHIND AND FROM THE LEFT, SO HE 'PULLED THE NOSE SHARPLY UP.' MEANWHILE, THE PASSENGER IN THE CESSNA 182 ALERTED THE CFI AND STUDENT PILOT IN THE FRONT SEATS THAT THE CESSNA 150 WAS CONVERGING FROM THE RIGHT. THE CFI IN THE CESSNA 182 TOOK THE CONTROLS AND 'MADE A SHARP LEFT TURN.' THE AIRPLANES COLLIDED, BUT WERE LANDED SAFELY. THE CESSNA 150 CHECK PILOT STATED THAT THE CESSNA 182 PILOTS HAD MADE A NONSTANDARD ENTRY INTO THE TRAFFIC PATTERN. ## Aircraft 1 - Registration: [N91868](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N91868), registered now, S/N 18259940, built 1969 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182 - Registry model: [Cessna 182M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182m) (registry code 2072728) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18259940 - Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470-R 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: William C. Reuter, Jr. - Registered owner: William C. Reuter, Jr. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, October 28, 1992, 6 hours before - Departed: PXT, PATUXENT RIVER, MD - Flight plan: VFR - Airport: SFQ, Suffock Muni, runway 25, 5,000 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Aircraft 2 - Registration: [N63532](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N63532), registered now, S/N 15077377, built 1975 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 150M - Registry model: [Cessna 150M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-150m) (registry code 2071830) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental 0-200 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-0-200-series) (registry code 17020, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 15077377 - Airframe hours: 5037 - Engines: CONTINENTAL O-200-A 100 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Virginia Aircraft Brokers, Inc - Registered owner: Virginia Aircraft Brokers, Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, October 29, 1992, 4 hours before - Departed: SFQ - Destination: PVG, HAMPTON ROADS, VA - Airport: SFQ, Suffock Muni, runway 25, 5,000 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot, aircraft N91868; age 72; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 23,500 total, 1,500 in this make and model - Pilot, aircraft N63532; age 33; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; flight hours: 390 total, 43 in this make and model, 310 as pilot in command ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 250° at 8 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 72 °F, dew point 52 °F ## FAA reports on this event (2) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19921111052841A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19921111052841A), Nov 11, 1992: Cessna 182M, Suffolk, VA, Substantial damage. During non standard crosswind pattern entry collided with N63532 that was downwind in proper pattern. - [Accident 19921111052842A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19921111052842A), Nov 11, 1992: Cessna 150M, Suffolk, VA, Substantial damage. On downwind leg was struck by N91868 that made a non standard crosswind pattern entry. Both landed safely. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.