# NTSB BFO93LA012: Learjet 25B, N893WA, Cleveland, OH, November 22, 1992

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: November 22, 1992, 13:35 local (18:35 UTC)
- Place: Cleveland, OH
- Coordinates: 41.429336, -81.819931 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.4293&lon=-81.8199&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 5 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report September 28, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 11888
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=BFO93LA012
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/11888/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA012

## Probable cause

THE PILOT MISJUDGED DISTANCE AND ALTITUDE WHICH RESULTED IN A LANDING TOUCHDOWN WITH INSUFFICIENT RUNWAY LENGTH REMAINING AND A SUBSEQUENT LANDING OVERRUN.  CONTRIBUTING WAS THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO INITIATE A GO AROUND, A TAILWIND, AND A DOWNSLOPING RUNWAY.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Overrun, landing - roll
  - weather condition - tailwind (contributing factor)
  - missed approach - not performed, pilot in command (cause)
  - distance - misjudged, pilot in command (cause)
  - proper touchdown point - not attained, pilot in command (contributing factor)

## Analysis

THE PILOT WAS ON AN ILS APPROACH TO RUNWAY 28 WHEN HE REPORTED THAT HE TOUCHED DOWN BEYOND THE POINT AT WHICH HE INTENDED TO LAND.  THE PILOT WAS LANDING WITH A TAILWIND.  THE PILOT REPORTED HEAVY RAIN AT THE TIME AND HE ADDED POWER TO CUSHION THE LANDING, WHICH CONTRIBUTED TO THE LOCATION OF THE TOUCHDOWN POINT. THE COPILOT STATED THAT HE EXPECTED THE PILOT TO DO A GO AROUND.  ACCORDING TO WITNESSES THE AIRPLANE LANDED AT A LOCATION WITH ABOUT 2000 TO 2800 FEET OF RUNWAY DISTANCE REMAINING.  THE AIRPLANE WENT OFF THE END OF THE RUNWAY AND COLLIDED WITH THE LOCALIZER TRANSMITTER FACILITY AND A FENCE.  THE LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED DURING THE IMPACT SEQUENCE.  THE RUNWAY IS 6015 FEET LONG AND THE LAST 2000 FEET DOWNSLOPES AT ABOUT A 0.85% GRADIENT.  ACCORDING TO LEAR JET, THE LANDING DISTANCES BASED ON THE PREVAILING CONDITIONS, RESPECTIVELY, FOR A DRY AND WET RUNWAY ARE ABOUT 3350 AND 4690 FEET.

## Aircraft

- Registration: N893WA (not matched to a registry record)
- Reported make and model: Learjet 25B
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 169
- Airframe hours: 8995
- Engines: GE CJ 610-6 2950 lbs thrust turbo jet
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Part 135
- Operator: Flight Operations Inc
- Registered owner: Air Stewart Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: AAIP, November 13, 1992, 6 hours before
- Departed: LUK, CINCINNATI, OH
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: CLE, Cleveland

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 43; commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 7,642 total, 247 in this make and model, 5,175 as pilot in command, 170 in the last 90 days, 70 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day
- Wind: 50° at 9 knots
- Visibility: 1 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 200 ft overcast
- Temperature: 48 °F, dew point 48 °F
- Altimeter: 29.00 inHg
- Observed at: CLE, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19921122047509A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19921122047509A), Nov 22, 1992: Lear 25B, Cleveland, OH, Substantial damage. Landed long and fast unable to stop on wet runway. Ran off end. Copilot believed PIC would go around due conditions

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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