# NTSB BFO93LA058: Learjet 35, N304AF, Teterboro, NJ, March 18, 1993

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: March 17, 1993, 19:35 local (Mar 18, 1993, 00:35 UTC)
- Place: Teterboro, NJ
- Location: 40.8501° N, 74.0608° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at TETERBORO (TEB), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.8501&lon=-74.0608&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 5 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report May 10, 1994
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 11923
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=BFO93LA058
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/11923/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/BFO93LA058

## Probable cause

IMPROPER PLANNING OR DECISION BY THE PILOT IN COMMAND (PIC).  FACTORS RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WERE: DARKNESS, THE ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS, AND THE RUNWAY/TERRAIN CONDITION.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - roll
  - light condition - dark night (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - low ceiling (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - fog (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - snow (contributing factor)
  - airport facilities,instrument approach lights - unavailable
  - airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - snow covered (contributing factor)
  - planning/decision - improper, pilot in command (cause)
  - directional control - not maintained, pilot in command (cause)
- On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll
  - terrain condition - snowbank (contributing factor)

## Analysis

THE PILOT WAS CLEARED FOR AN ILS RUNWAY 6 APPROACH AND REPORTED THAT HE HAD THE RUNWAY IN SIGHT ABOVE THE DECISION HEIGHT.  SNOW WAS FALLING. AFTER A 'SUCCESSFUL' APPROACH, THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN IN THE 'TOUCHDOWN ZONE.'  SPOILERS, THRUST REVERSERS, AND BRAKES WERE APPLIED, BUT THE AIRPLANE 'STARTED TO DRIFT TO THE RIGHT.'  THE AIRPLANE IMPACTED A SNOWBANK ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE RUNWAY.  ITS LEFT MAIN LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED AND THE FUSELAGE KEEL BEAM WAS DAMAGED. BRAKING ACTION WAS REPORTED AS 'NIL' BY THE PILOT.  THE RUNWAY HAD 'TWO TO THREE INCHES' OF WET SNOW.  IT WAS CLOSED AND PLOWED IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE ACCIDENT.  THE TOWER CONTROLLER HAD TRANSMITTED TO THE PILOTS 'LAST BRAKING ACTION FAIR BY A WESTWIND ABOUT 20 MINUTES AGO.'  THE ATIS INFORMATION INCLUDED 'APPROACH LIGHTS FOR RUNWAY 6 HAVE BEEN DECOMMISSIONED.'

## Aircraft

- Registration: N304AF (not matched to a registry record)
- Reported make and model: LEARJET 35
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 35-013
- Airframe hours: 4980
- Engines: GARRETT TFE 731-2-2B 3500 lbs thrust turbo fan
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Executive/Corporate, Part 91
- Operator: Apache Corporation
- Registered owner: Apache Corporation
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Transport
- Last inspection: AAIP, March 14, 1993, 10 hours before
- Departed: MSP, MINNEAPOLIS, MN
- Destination: TEB
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: TEB, Teterboro, runway 6, 6,013 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 55; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 10,420 total, 1,330 in this make and model, 9,386 as pilot in command, 51 in the last 90 days, 15 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Night/dark
- Wind: 330° at 14 knots
- Lowest ceiling: 300 ft broken
- Temperature: 32 °F, dew point 30 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: TEB, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19930317005639A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19930317005639A), Mar 17, 1993: Lear 35LEAR, Teterboro, NJ, Minor damage. Lost control of aircraft on a snow covered runway. Impacted a snowbank on runway edge. Visibility below limits.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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