# NTSB CEN11IA179: Cessna 210N, N92MP, Columbia, MO, February 8, 2011 - Type: NTSB incident investigation - Classification: Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report - Date: February 8, 2011, 14:50 local (20:50 UTC) - Place: Columbia, MO - Coordinates: 38.818054, -92.219444 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.8181&lon=-92.2194&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 23, 2012 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 78313 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN11IA179 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/78313/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78313 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11IA179 ## Probable cause The pilot did not extend the landing gear before touchdown due to his distraction during the landing approach and his not using a landing checklist. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Action: forgotten action/omission](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 210N, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035/cases.md?model=2073453), [All aircraft, 440 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: use of checklist](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 210N, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md?model=2073453), [All aircraft, 336 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md) - [Attention/monitoring: task monitoring/vigilance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 210N, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520/cases.md?model=2073453), [All aircraft, 330 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 210N, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095/sequence.md?model=2073453), [All aircraft, 584 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095/sequence.md) - [Landing: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090); cases with it: [Cessna 210N, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2073453), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) ## Analysis While on approach to land, the pilot was distracted as he looked for two taxiing aircraft following a radio call with an air traffic controller. Immediately before touchdown, the pilot realized that he did not lower the landing gear, and he increased the power to full throttle. About the same time, he heard the sound of the airplane’s fuselage rubbing the ground. The pilot was able to get the airplane airborne and subsequently lowered the landing gear before landing on the landing gear. The pilot reported that he did not use the landing checklist and that the landing gear warning horn did not sound during the landing. A mechanic reported that the incident airplane’s landing gear warning horn was tested during the airplane’s ferry flight and the horn was operational during the testing. ## Factual narrative On February 8, 2011, about 1450 central standard time, a Cessna 210N, N92MP, sustained minor damage during a gear-up landing at the Columbia Regional Airport (COU), near Columbia, Missouri. The private pilot was not injured. The airplane was registered to and operated by the Missouri State Highway Patrol. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and a flight plan was not on file for the 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 public use flight. The flight departed about 1440, from the Jefferson City Memorial Airport (JEF), near Jefferson City, Missouri, and was destined for COU. The pilot indicated that about ten miles south of COU, he made an initial position call to the air traffic control tower. The tower advised that there was another Cessna airplane with a similar call sign that was approaching COU from the west. The tower directed the other Cessna airplane to report a two-mile left base. The tower advised the pilot that he was second to land following the Cessna airplane approaching from the west and to report a two-mile straight in final. The pilot did not have the other Cessna airplane in sight and he maneuvered his airplane to the left to give the other Cessna airplane room to set up for its final approach. The pilot located the other Cessna airplane on final when the other pilot made his radio report. The tower made an advisory radio call when the incident airplane was approximately two miles out, to the other Cessna airplane that had landed and was taxing, to yield to another aircraft that was also taxing. The pilot looked for both taxing airplanes to have situational awareness. The pilot said that he was maneuvering the airplane to touchdown and noticed that the airplane was settling lower to the ground than normal. He realized that he did not lower the landing gear and he increased the power to full-throttle when he heard the sound of the airplane’s fuselage rubbing the ground. The airplane became airborne and the pilot lowered the landing gear and subsequently landed on the landing gear. The pilot reported that he did not use the landing checklist and that the landing gear warning horn did not sound during the landing. An airframe and powerplant mechanic reported that the incident airplane’s landing gear warning horn was tested March 16, 2011 during the airplane’s ferry flight from COU to JEF. The horn was tested five times with activation of the horn with indicated manifold pressure gauge readings from 9.5 inches to 14 inches of mercury. Retarding the throttle at a slower speed resulted in a lower manifold pressure reading. Retarding the throttle at a faster speed resulted in a higher manifold pressure reading. According to the mechanic, the throttle cable had some play which may have contributed to the wide range of readings. The landing gear functioned as normal. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N92MP](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N92MP-2024-06-24), registration cancelled 2024-06-24, S/N 21064161, built 1981 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 210N - Registry model: [Cessna 210N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-210n) (registry code 2073453) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 21064161 - Airframe hours: 6308 - Engines: CONT MOTOR IO-520-L17 285 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Minor damage - Flight: Public aircraft - state, Part 91 - Operator: Missouri State Highway Patrol - Registered owner: Missouri State Highway Patrol - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 31, 2010 - Departed: JEF, Jefferson City, MO - Destination: Columbia, MO - Airport: COU, Columbia Regional Airport, runway 02, 6,501 × 150 ft, concrete ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 40; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review October 18, 2010; seat: left; flight hours: 469 total, 177 in this make and model, 373 as pilot in command, 56 in the last 90 days, 19 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 40° at 7 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 10 °F, dew point -0 °F - Altimeter: 30.44 inHg - Observed at: COU ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Incident 20110208002259I](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20110208002259I), Feb 8, 2011: Cessna 210N, Columbia, MO, Minor damage. According to the PIC, he was sequenced number 2 for landing by cou ATCT and was instructed to report a 2-mile final. The other acft was ahead and on a left… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 27, 2011, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78313. 430 KB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 394 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40360017&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - Other Pertinent Reports - Gear Horn Test (item 2, .PDF, 37 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40360016&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Other%20Pertinent%20Reports%20-%20Gear%20Horn%20Test-Redacted.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.