# NTSB CEN11LA251: Cessna 425, N410VE, Canadian, TX, March 28, 2011 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: March 28, 2011, 08:25 local (13:25 UTC) - Place: Canadian, TX - Coordinates: 35.890277, -100.402221 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.8903&lon=-100.4022&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 4 minor, 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 12, 2013 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: FAA Luibbock FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 78704 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN11LA251 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/78704/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78704 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN11LA251 ## Probable cause The pilot’s continuation of the approach with excessive airspeed, which resulted in a hard landing and a loss of directional control. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: airspeed](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Incorrect use/operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010/cases.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 1,681 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Approach-circling (IFR): Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900/sequence.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 1,556 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Dragged wing/rotor/float/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/093); cases with it: [Cessna 425, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/093/sequence.md?model=2076018), [All aircraft, 319 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/093/sequence.md) ## Analysis While on a straight-in global-positioning-system approach, the airplane broke out of the clouds directly over the end of the runway. The pilot then remained clear of the clouds and executed a no-flap circling approach to the opposite direction runway. The pilot said that his airspeed was high when he touched down. The landing was hard, and the right main landing gear tire blew out, the airplane departed the runway to the left, and the left main landing gear collapsed. No preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures were found that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative On March 28, 2011, about 0825 central daylight time, a Cessna 425, multi-engine airplane, N410VE, was substantially damaged when it impacted terrain at Hemphill County Airport (HHF), Canadian, Texas. The airplane was owned and operated by Crown Supply Corporation, Grand Junction, Colorado. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed and an instrument flight rules flight plan had been filed for the 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 flight. The pilot and two passengers were uninjured, and four passengers sustained minor injuries. The flight had originated from the Grand Junction Regional Airport (GJT), Grand Junction, Colorado, about 0545 mountain daylight time and was en route to HHF. The pilot conducted a straight-in global positioning system (GPS) approach to runway 22 and reported he was directly over the end of the runway when he broke out of the base of the clouds. The pilot then remained clear of the clouds and executed a no-flap circling approach to the opposite direction runway. The pilot said his airspeed was high when he touched down. The landing was hard and the right main landing gear tire "blew". Witnesses and passengers said the airplane bounced several times, collapsed the left main landing gear, and the airplane came to rest 300 feet from the runway centerline. Examination of the airplane revealed that the airframe structure where the nose landing gear attached to the airframe was bent and torn. The fuselage was buckled in several locations and the left wing spar was bent. No preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures were found that would have precluded normal operation. At 0825, the automated weather observing system at HHF, reported winds from 140 degrees at 5 knots, visibility of 5 miles, overcast clouds at 600 feet, temperature 1 degrees Celsius, dew point 0 degrees Celsius, with an altimeter setting of 29.98 inches of Mercury. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N410VE](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N410VE-2013-05-02), registration cancelled 2013-05-02, S/N 425-0097, built 1981 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 425 (NO SERIES) - Registry model: [Cessna 425](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-425) (registry code 2076018) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [U/A Canada PT6A series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/u-a-canada-pt6a-series) (registry code 61508, turbo-prop) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 425-0097 - Airframe hours: 7412 - Engines: Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-112 450 horsepower turbo prop; Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-112 450 horsepower turbo prop - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Business, Part 91 - Operator: Crown Supply Co - Registered owner: Crown Supply Co - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, March 6, 2011, 68 hours before - Departed: GJT, GRAND JUNCTION, CO - Destination: HHF, Canadian, TX - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: HHF, Hemphill County Airport, runway 04, 5,000 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 66; injuries: none; airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review December 5, 2009; seat: left; flight hours: 22,500 total, 1,000 in this make and model, 19,500 as pilot in command, 240 in the last 90 days, 160 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day - Wind: 140° at 5 knots - Visibility: 5 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 600 ft overcast - Temperature: 34 °F, dew point 32 °F - Altimeter: 29.97 inHg - Observed at: MHHF ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20110328003969A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20110328003969A), Mar 28, 2011: Cessna 425, Canadian, TX, Substantial damage. On March 28, 2011, at approximately 8:45 CDT, the pilot of Cessna aircraft model 425, registration number N410VE, executed a GPS approach to runway 22 at… ## Docket (8 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 12, 2012, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78704. 5.8 MB in all. - Memorandum of FAA Inspector's findings at the accident scene (item 1, .PDF, 56 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382718&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Memorandum%20of%20FAA%20Inspector%27s%20findings%20at%20the%20accident%20scene-Master.PDF - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 2, .PDF, 665 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382376&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - Passenger Statements (item 3, .PDF, 735 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382366&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Passenger%20Statements-Redacted.PDF - Witness Statements (item 4, .PDF, 1.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382719&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Statements-Redacted.PDF - Maps (showing airport diagram and instrument approach charts) (item 5, .PDF, 1.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382368&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maps%20(showing%20airport%20diagram%20and%20instrument%20approach%20charts)-Master.PDF - Weather Summary (item 6, .PDF, 129 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382369&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Weather%20Summary-Master.PDF - Photo 1 - View of the wreckage from the right side (FAA Photo) (item 7, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382375&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201%20-%20View%20of%20the%20wreckage%20from%20the%20right%20side%20%20(FAA%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Photo 2 - View of the wreckage from the left front (Sheriff's Photo) (item 8, .PDF, 321 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40382372&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%202%20-%20View%20of%20the%20wreckage%20from%20the%20left%20front%20%20(Sheriff%27s%20Photo)-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.