# NTSB CEN12FAMS1: Piper PA-31-325, N174BH, Duluth, MN, June 8, 2012 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Missing aircraft · Final report - Date: June 8, 2012, 14:27 local (19:27 UTC) - Place: Duluth, MN - Coordinates: 47.05722, -91.596664 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=47.0572&lon=-91.5967&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Unknown](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/990) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Unknown: Unknown or undetermined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report January 5, 2016 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - NTSB case key (mKey): 83964 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN12FAMS1 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/83964/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=83964 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN12FAMS1 ## Probable cause Undetermined because the airplane was not found. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [Piper PA-31-325, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md?model=7103105), [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Unknown: Unknown or undetermined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000) (defining event); cases with it: [Piper PA-31-325, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md?model=7103105), [All aircraft, 1,703 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md) ## Analysis The airline transport-rated pilot departed in the twin-engine airplane for a maintenance flight to break in a new engine. The flight was expected to last about 4 hours. Radar track data indicated that the airplane departed the airport and proceeded north following the western shoreline of a lake. While following the shoreline, the airplane descended from about 2,800 to 1,600 ft, which was its last recorded position. When the airplane did not return on time, it was reported missing, and an extensive search was conducted. However, the airplane and pilot were not found. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On June 8, 2012, about 1307 central daylight time, a Piper PA-31-325, N174BH, departed from the South St Paul Municipal Airport-Richard E Fleming Field (SGS), South St Paul, Minnesota for a maintenance test flight. The airplane reportedly had one of its two engines replaced and the pilot was to fly for about 4 hours to break-in the engine. The airplane did not return from the flight and was reported overdue. The airplane is missing and is presumed to have crashed. The airline transport pilot has not been located. The airplane was registered to Family Celebrations LLC, and was operated as a 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. The flight departed SGS with the intention of returning to SGS at the conclusion of the flight.The airplane was reported missing and an alert notification issued about 2225. The last reported contact with the airplane and pilot was about 1300 when the fixed base operator at SGS towed the airplane to the fuel pumps. When he returned about 15 minutes later, the airplane was no longer there. Aircraft radar track data from various ground based sources indicated that the airplane departed SGS about 1307. The airplane maneuvered east of SGS before turning toward the north. The airplane's track continued north toward Duluth, Minnesota. Once the airplane reached Duluth, it followed the west shoreline of Lake Superior. Radar track data indicated that the airplane was at a pressure altitude of 2,800 feet when it reached the shoreline. The airplane continued along the west shoreline toward Two Harbors, Minnesota, flying over the water while maintaining a distance of about 0.5 miles from the shore. As the airplane approached Two Harbors, it descended. The airplane's last recorded position at 1427 was about 30 miles northeast of Duluth, Minnesota, at an uncorrected pressure altitude of 1,600 feet. The Air Force Rescue Coordination Center coordinated a search for the missing airplane. The Civil Air Patrol, United States Coast Guard, and other entities participated in the search efforts. Search efforts were suspended on July 4, 2012. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held an airline transport pilot certificate with a single-engine land multiengine land and single-engine seaplane ratings. He was issued a second-class airman medical certificate, with a restriction for corrective lenses, on March 27, 2012. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airplane was a 1976 Piper model PA-31-325, serial number 31-7612038. The airplane was a six to eight seat, low wing, twin-engine airplane, with a tricycle landing gear configuration. The airplane was constructed predominately of aluminum alloys and was powered by one Lycoming TIO-540-F2BD and one Lycoming LTIO-540 F2BD, each rated to produce 325 horsepower. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION Weather conditions recorded by the Duluth International Airport (DLH) Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), located about30 miles southwest of the last recorded airplane position, at 1355, were: wind from 220 degrees at 14 knots gusting to 22 knots, visibility 10 miles, few clouds at 4,000 feet above ground level (agl), scattered clouds at 12,000 feet agl, temperature 27 degrees Celsius, dew point 17 degrees Celsius, and altimeter 29.81 inches of mercury. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N174BH](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N174BH-2012-09-28), registration cancelled 2012-09-28, S/N 31-7612038, built 1976 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-31-325 - Registry model: [Piper PA-31-325](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-31-325) (registry code 7103105) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming TI0-540 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-ti0-540-series) (registry code 41533, turbo-prop) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 31-7612038 - Engines: LYCOMING TIO-540 SER 325 horsepower reciprocating; LYCOMING TIO-540 SER 325 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: SGS, South St Paul, MN - Destination: SGS, South St Paul, MN ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 67; injuries: fatal; flight instructor, flight engineer, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; flight hours: 17,570 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 220° at 14 knots, gusting 22 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 63 °F - Altimeter: 29.80 inHg - Observed at: DLH, 30 nm away ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 14, 2013, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=83964. 625 KB in all. - Radar track 1 (item 1, .PDF, 285 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40400796&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Radar%20track%201-Master.PDF - Radar track 2 (item 2, .PDF, 202 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40400797&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Radar%20track%202-Master.PDF - Aircraft information (item 3, .PDF, 11 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40400800&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20information-Master.PDF - Tabular radar data (item 4, XLSX, 62 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40400802&FileExtension=xlsx&FileName=Tabular%20radar%20data-Master - Alert Notification (item 5, .PDF, 66 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40400803&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Alert%20Notification-Redacted.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.