# NTSB CEN16LA032: Cessna 177RG, N1542H, Red Oak, IA, October 8, 2015 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: October 8, 2015, 13:20 local (18:20 UTC) - Place: Red Oak, IA - Coordinates: 41.011665, -95.227218 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.0117&lon=-95.2272&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute-cruise: Powerplant sys/comp malf/fail](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/340) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 6, 2017 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration; DSM FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 92201 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN16LA032 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/92201/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=92201 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16LA032 ## Probable cause The improper torque of the engine’s No. 3 cylinder intake pipe bolts, which resulted in the separation of the pipe and a partial loss of engine power. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Engine (reciprocating): recip eng cyl section](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01058530): Aircraft › Aircraft power plant · Incorrect service/maintenance (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 6 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01058530/cases.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 373 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01058530/cases.md) - [Maintenance: installation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062035): Personnel issues › Task performance · Maintenance personnel (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062035/cases.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 371 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062035/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022000): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on equipment (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022000/cases.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 224 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Enroute-cruise: Powerplant sys/comp malf/fail](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/340) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/340/sequence.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/340/sequence.md) - [Enroute-cruise: Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 1,858 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md) - [Emergency descent: Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 1,858 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 177RG, 22 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2073709), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The private pilot stated that, during an en route climb to cruise altitude, the engine began to vibrate and the engine fuel flow decreased. The pilot initiated a return to the departure airport during which the airplane was unable to maintain altitude. The pilot performed a forced landing to a cornfield, resulting in substantial damage. Postaccident examination of the engine revealed that the No. 3 cylinder intake pipe was loose and missing its attachment bolts. Review of maintenance logbooks showed that the No. 3 engine cylinder intake pipe gasket was replaced about 400 flight hours before the accident. It is likely that the bolts were improperly torqued at the time of replacement. ## Factual narrative On October 8, 2015, at 1320 central daylight time, a Cessna 177RG, N1542H, experienced a loss of engine power during cruise flight after departure from Red Oak Municipal Airport (RDK), Red Oak, Iowa. The pilot performed a forced landing to a field during an attempted return to RDK. The airplane sustained substantial damage on impact with terrain during the forced landing. The private pilot and a passenger were uninjured. The airplane was registered to and operated by the pilot under 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight that was not operating on an instrument rules flight plan that had been filed but not activated. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The flight originated from RDK and was destined to Jonesboro Municipal Airport (JBR), Jonesboro, Arkansas. The pilot stated that after departing from RDK the airplane began to vibrate while climbing through 3,000 feet mean sea level (msl) for a filed cruise altitude of 7,000 feet msl. The pilot leveled the airplane at 3,000 feet msl and the indicated fuel flow was 12 gallons per hour (gph) when it should have been 16 gph. The fuel flow was "diminishing rapidly" so the pilot attempted to return to RDK but the airplane was losing altitude and had "minimal power" while flying at the airplane best glide speed. At 1,500 feet above ground level he lowered the landing gear, extended full flaps, and turned into the wind so as to land on a cut bean field that was below the airplane. The airplane touched down and then rolled into a corn field. Damage to the airplane included inward crushing of the right wing leading from mid-span, outward, and the left horizontal stabilizer leading edge. The airplane was powered by a Lycoming IO-360-A1B6D, serial number L-13859-51A, engine. Examination of the airplane by Federal Aviation Administration Inspectors from the Des Moines Flight Standards District Office revealed the number three engine cylinder intake pipe came loose and was completely missing bolts. Also, seven of the eight bolts holding number three cylinder on were broken loose. The number three engine cylinder intake bolts were unable to be located for examination. An engine logbook entry dated February 9, 2012, at a tachometer time of 3,070 hours and an engine time since major overhaul (SMOH) of 957.2 hours, stated, "…Replaced #3 intake gasket." The engine underwent its last annual inspection dated April 5, 2015, at a tachometer time of 3,377 hours and an engine time SMOH of 1,258.2 hours. The last engine logbook entry was dated August 19, 2015, at a tachometer time of 3,430.3 hours, for an engine oil and engine filter change. All of these maintenance entries were signed by the same airframe and powerplant mechanic. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1542H](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N1542H), registered now, S/N 177RG0716, built 1975 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 177RG - Registry model: [Cessna 177RG](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-177rg) (registry code 2073709) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming IO-360-A1B6D](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-io-360-a1b6d) (registry code 41593, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 177RG0716 - Year built: 1975 - Airframe hours: 3452 - Engines: Lycoming IO-360 200 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Pilot - Registered owner: Pilot - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, April 5, 2015, 3,377 hours before - Departed: RDK, Red Oak, IA - Destination: JBR, Joneboro, AR - Flight plan: IFR - Equipment: Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 34; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; last flight review February 7, 2015; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 600 total, 500 as pilot in command ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 310° at 12 knots - Visibility: 9 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: RDK, 8 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20151008017859A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20151008017859A), Oct 8, 2015: Cessna 177RG, Red Oak, IA, Substantial damage. Shortly after departing Red Oak, IA (rdk) the pilot reported that the aircraft began to vibrate and the engine fuel flow was diminishing rapidly. The pilot… ## Docket (4 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 19, 2017, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=92201. 11.2 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 8.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40448482&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Aircraft Maintenance Records Excerpt (item 2, .PDF, 2.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40448483&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20Maintenance%20Records%20Excerpt-Master.PDF - Photo Array (item 3, .PDF, 3 photos, 360 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40448484&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%20Array-Master.PDF - Record of Correspondence - FAA (item 4, .PDF, 26 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40448485&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Correspondence%20-%20FAA-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.