# NTSB CEN16LA229: Cessna 182P, N9434M, Humansville, MO, June 22, 2016 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: June 22, 2016, 11:30 local (16:30 UTC) - Place: Humansville, MO - Coordinates: 37.811389, -93.584724 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.8114&lon=-93.5847&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute: Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 2 minor - Status: Completed, report March 19, 2018 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Continental Motors, Textron Aviation, FAA FSDO - SAIBs cited in the narratives: [SAIB CE-09-35](https://openairdocs.org/saib/CE-09-35) (OpenAirDocs) - NTSB case key (mKey): 93435 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN16LA229 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/93435/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93435 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN16LA229 ## Probable cause A partial loss of engine power for reasons that could not determined, because an examination and test run of the engine did not reveal any anomalies that would have contributed to the loss of engine power. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 10 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) - [Engine (reciprocating)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01058500): Aircraft › Aircraft power plant · Related operating info (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01058500/cases.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 497 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01058500/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Enroute: Unknown or undetermined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 1,703 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md) - [Enroute: Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 1,858 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md) - [Landing: Off-field or emergency landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 18 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 3,365 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096); cases with it: [Cessna 182P, 16 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=2075816), [All aircraft, 2,287 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The commercial pilot reported that the airplane was in cruise flight about 500 ft above ground level when the engine surged and experienced a partial loss of power. The pilot attempted to restore engine power, but was unsuccessful, and diverted to the nearest airport. Unable to reach the airport, the pilot conducted a forced landing to a field; the airplane nosed over upon touchdown. During a postaccident test run, the engine performed with no anomalies noted; therefore, the reason for the loss of engine power could not be determined. ## Factual narrative On June 22, 2016, about 1130 central daylight time, a Cessna 182P airplane, N9434M, was substantially damaged following a forced landing near Humansville, Missouri. The commercial rated pilot and passenger sustained minor injuries. The airplane was registered to and operated by a private individual under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as an air race. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the flight. The cross-country flight departed the Dexter B Florence Memorial Field Airport, Arkadelphia, Arkansas, and was en route to the Skyhaven Airport, Warrensburg, Missouri.The pilot reported that while in cruise flight at 500 ft above ground level (agl) for about 1 hour and 42 minutes, the engine surged and lost partial power. The pilot attempted to restore power by adjusting the throttle, propeller, mixture, and carburetor heat. Unable to restore power, the pilot diverted to the closest airport. The engine did not respond, and the airplane sank through 250 ft agl, so the pilot conducted a forced landing to a field. The landing surface was hard and deeply rutted resulting in the separation of the nose wheel and the airplane nosed over. The fuselage was substantially damaged during the forced landing. The airplane was examined by the responding Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector and a representative from Textron Aviation, no preimpact anomalies were detected with the airframe. Data from the airplane's JPI engine monitoring system was downloaded by the National Transportation Safety Board laboratory. A review of the data revealed that about 1120, the fuel flow fluctuated. Two minutes later, the fuel flow decayed from about 19 gallons per hour to a final value of 2.7. A test run of the airplane's engine was conducted by the FAA inspector, with assistance from a local airframe and powerplant mechanic and a representative from the engine manufacturer. A new propeller, engine mounts, throttle cable, and battery were installed on the airplane. An external fuel supply was plumbing into the left wing root. The engine was primed once and started on the first attempt. A magneto check was performed and the propeller pitch cycled. The throttle was advanced to full power and the engine achieved approximately 27 inches of manifold pressure; the tachometer was inoperative, so the maximum rpm could not be determined. The FAA inspector noted that a fuel line from the gascolator to the carburetor had a tight 160° turn, but the fuel line did not appear "kinked" to impede fuel flow. Shop air was applied to the fuel lines and no obstructions were found. A review of the Carburetor Icing Probability Chart in the Federal Aviation Administration Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin CE-09-35, Carburetor Icing Prevention found that the airplane was operating in an area conducive for the formation of icing at glide and cruise power. The reason for the loss of engine power could not be determined. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9434M](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9434M-2019-08-22), registration cancelled 2019-08-22, S/N 18264753, built 1976 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182P (NO SERIES) - Registry model: [Cessna 182P](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182p) (registry code 2075816) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18264753 - Year built: 1976 - Airframe hours: 4579.4 - Engines: Teledyne Continental O-470-S2B 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Air race/show, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, April 25, 2016, 31.7 hours before - Departed: ADF, ARKADELPHIA, AR - Destination: RCM, WARRENSBURG, MO - Equipment: Onboard weather, Satellite tracking device, Stall warning system, Auto-pilot, Data recorder, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Electronic multifunction display ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 65; injuries: minor; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review July 24, 2015; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 3,922 total, 3,350 in this make and model, 3,729 as pilot in command, 35 in the last 90 days, 11 in the last 30 days, 6 in the last 24 hours - Co-pilot; age 60; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review May 30, 2016; seat: rear; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 715 total, 0 in this make and model, 625 as pilot in command, 8 in the last 90 days, 3 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 220° at 14 knots, gusting 21 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 91 °F, dew point 72 °F - Altimeter: 29.88 inHg - Observed at: KGLY, 33 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20160622006619A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20160622006619A), Jun 22, 2016: Cessna 182P, Humansville, MO, Substantial damage. Enroute from kadf to krcm, the engine started surging leading to loss of power. The pilot elected to conduct a forced emergency landing in a hay field. During… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 16, 2017, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93435. 4.3 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 2.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40458078&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Accident Day JPI Data (item 2, .CSV, 237 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40458079&FileExtension=.csv&FileName=Accident%20Day%20JPI%20Data-Master.csv - Record of Conversation - FAA and CMI (item 3, .PDF, 101 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40458080&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20FAA%20and%20CMI-Master.PDF - Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation (item 4, .PDF, 913 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40458081&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Statement%20of%20Party%20Representatives%20to%20NTSB%20Investigation-Master.PDF - Carburetor Icing Probability Chart (item 5, .PDF, 316 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40458082&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Carburetor%20Icing%20Probability%20Chart-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.