# NTSB CEN18LA206: Hughes Aero Predator "C", N369SL, Copemish, MI, May 29, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: May 29, 2018, 19:58 local (23:58 UTC) - Place: Copemish, MI - Coordinates: 44.509166, -85.840553 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=44.5092&lon=-85.8406&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Takeoff-rejected takeoff: Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 2 serious - Status: Completed, report February 5, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 97385 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN18LA206 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/97385/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=97385 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN18LA206 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper decision to take off with a passenger in high-density altitude conditions from a runway with tall grass present, which resulted in the powered-parachute's poor takeoff performance and its inability to clear a tree line and led to a subsequent forced landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Hughes Aero PREDATOR "C", 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=05902ZZ), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023000): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Hughes Aero PREDATOR "C", 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023000/cases.md?model=05902ZZ), [All aircraft, 253 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023000/cases.md) - [Temp/humidity/pressure: high density altitude](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031020): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Hughes Aero PREDATOR "C", 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031020/cases.md?model=05902ZZ), [All aircraft, 278 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03031020/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Hughes Aero PREDATOR "C", 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md?model=05902ZZ), [All aircraft, 933 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Takeoff-rejected takeoff: Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490) (defining event); cases with it: [Hughes Aero PREDATOR "C", 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490/sequence.md?model=05902ZZ), [All aircraft, 1,309 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490/sequence.md) ## Analysis The sport pilot and a passenger departed in a powered-parachute from the pilot's airstrip with calm winds. No anomalies were detected during the preflight inspection. After departure, the powered-parachute would not climb above 8 ft above ground level and was approaching 20-ft-tall trees. The pilot attempted to land between a wire fence and the tree line, and the powered-parachute subsequently impacted the ground and a tree base. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions during the flight and stated that the air was "heavier" than expected. The field elevation at a nearby airport was 634 ft mean sea level (msl), and the calculated density altitude was about 2,821 ft msl. A review of a recent aerial photograph of the pilot's property showed a mowed 600-ft-long runway with a northwest-southeast orientation. At the time of the accident, no runway could be seen on the property because the grass was between 6 and 12 inches tall and appeared unused except for the accident flight. The unmowed runway and high-density altitude conditions likely affected the powered-parachute's takeoff performance, which resulted in the aircraft being unable to clear the trees near the runway. ## Factual narrative On May 29, 2018, about 1958 eastern daylight time, a Hughes Aero Corporation Predator "C" powered parachute, N369SL, impacted trees and terrain during a forced landing following a takeoff from a private airstrip near Copemish, Michigan. The pilot and passenger sustained serious injuries. The powered parachute received minor damage during the impact sequence. The powered parachute was registered to and operated by a private individual as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. Day visual meteorological conditions prevailed in the area about the time of the accident, and the flight was not operated on a flight plan. The local flight was originating airstrip at the time of the accident.According to the pilot, the wind was calm all day of the accident flight. The purpose of the flight was to demonstrate the powered parachute to a potential buyer. He called a local airport for recorded weather. The pilot arranged the powered parachute for a northwest departure from his property. He warmed up the engines and checked gauges. The pilot checked all lines and the condition of the parachute. The pilot explained the flight to the passenger, buckled him in, and put on his helmet. The pilot got in the pilot seat and put a helmet on. The pilot started the takeoff run. The pilot added that he has a landmark tree where he would abort a takeoff if he was not airborne by that point. However, on the accident flight he was about 8 ft above ground level at that point. The pilot realized that something was not right and that the powered parachute would not climb. The powered parachute was approaching 20 ft trees. The pilot attempted to land between a wire fence and the treeline. The powered parachute impacted the ground and a base of a tree. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions during the flight and stated that the air was "heavier" than expected or the passenger was pulling down on the tail lines. Pulling on the tail lines can cause the parachute to "stall or land." At 1957, the recorded weather, about 17 nautical miles and 295 degrees from the accident site, at the Frankfort Dow Memorial Field, near Frankfort, Michigan, was wind calm; visibility 10 statute miles; sky condition clear; temperature 30° C; dew point 18° C; altimeter 29.87 inches of mercury. The field elevation at the airport was 634 ft above mean sea level and the calculated density altitude there was about 2,821 ft above mean sea level. A Federal Aviation Administration Inspector examined the wreckage and did not detect any preimpact anomalies that would have precluded operation of the powered parachute. The Inspector reviewed a 2015 aerial photograph of the pilot's property that showed a mowed 600-foot runway with a NW-SE orientation. At the time of the accident no runway could be detected on the property as the grass was 6 to 12 inches tall and appeared unused but for the accident flight. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N369SL](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N369SL-2020-01-31), registration cancelled 2020-01-31, S/N PC010853W406, built 2008 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: HUGHES AERO CORP PREDATOR "C" (NO SERIES) - Registry model: [Hughes Aero PREDATOR "C"](https://openairdocs.org/model/hughes-aero-predator-c) (registry code 05902ZZ) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Rotax 582SER](https://openairdocs.org/engine/rotax-582ser) (registry code 55556, 2 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Powered parachute - Serial number: PC010853W406 - Year built: 2008 - Airframe hours: 79.9 - Engines: Rotax 582ULDCDI 65 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Minor damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, April 1, 2018 - Departed: PVT, Copemish, MI - Destination: PVT, Copemish, MI - Airport: PVT, Private Airstrip - Equipment: Handheld GPS, Electronic primary flight display ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 49; injuries: serious; sport pilot; medical: sport pilot; seat: front; restraint: 3-point ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 86 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 29.87 inHg - Observed at: KFKS, 17 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180529006299A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180529006299A), May 29, 2018: Hughes Aero Corp PREDATOR "C", Copemish, MI, Minor damage. On may 29, 2018 at 1956 eastern daylight time, a Hughes Aero Corp predator ?c? 2-place powered parachute, N369SL, registered to and operated by a sport pilot,… ## Docket (3 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 2, 2018, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=97385. 3.6 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 3.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40467158&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Memorandum for Record – Communication Summary -- Inspector Matthews (item 2, .PDF, 64 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40467159&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Memorandum%20for%20Record%20%E2%80%93%20Communication%20Summary%20--%20Inspector%20Matthews-Master.PDF - Maps or Charts of Accident Area (item 3, .PDF, 334 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40467160&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maps%20or%20Charts%20of%20Accident%20Area-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.