# NTSB CEN20CA152: Cessna 172, N737RR, Enid, OK, April 16, 2020 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: April 16, 2020, 17:35 local (22:35 UTC) - Place: Enid, OK - Coordinates: 36.364723, -97.667778 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=36.3647&lon=-97.6678&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 21, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 101181 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN20CA152 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/101181/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=101181 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20CA152 ## Probable cause The flight instructor's delayed remedial action during a power-off approach and go-around in gusting wind conditions, which resulted in a hard landing, loss of directional control, and a runway excursion onto a field. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Action: delayed action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 19 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 894 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 82 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 28 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md) - [Terrain](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021000): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021000/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 267 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Approach-VFR go-around: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 45 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md) - [Landing: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 46 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 2,102 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md) - [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 81 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 81 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) ## Analysis According to the flight instructor, during a training flight, he instructed the student pilot to perform a simulated power-off approach to a private turf airstrip. He briefed the student to execute a go-around upon reaching 100 ft above ground level. Upon reaching this altitude with the airplane configured with full flaps and the airspeed about 60 knots, the instructor told the student to go around. However, the airplane continued to descend, the airspeed decreased to about 45 knots, and the airplane veered left, at which point the instructor applied full power and raised the flaps, but the airplane "touched down firmly" about midfield off the left side of the runway and continued to veer left onto a field. The instructor visually inspected the airplane from his right seat and decided to take off to the south and return to the home airport. Once at the home airport, examination of the airplane revealed that the left wing had sustained substantial damage. ## Factual narrative According to the flight instructor, during a training flight, he instructed the student pilot to perform a simulated power-off approach to a private turf airstrip. The student pilot was briefed to execute a go-around upon reaching 100 ft above the airstrip surface. About 100 ft above the airstrip, with the airplane configured with full flaps and the airspeed about 60 kts, the student was instructed to go-around. However, the airplane continued to descend, and the airspeed decreased to about 45 kts. The instructor applied full power and raised the flaps, but the airplane "touched down firmly" about mid-field off the left side of the runway and subsequently veered further left into a wheat field. The instructor visually inspected the airplane from his right seat and decided to takeoff to the south, returning to the home airport. A postlanding inspection revealed the left wing had sustained substantial damage. About the time of the accident, the local wind was from 180° at 28 kts and gusting to 35 kts. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N737RR](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N737RR), registered now, S/N 17269620, built 1977 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172 (N) - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17269620 - Year built: 1977 - Airframe hours: 8950.4 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-H2AD 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Aero Club Of Enid Inc - Registered owner: Aero Club Of Enid Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, February 13, 2020 - Departed: END, Enid, OK - Destination: WDG, Enid, OK - Airport: 1OK, Fairmont Field, runway 17, 2,540 × 65 ft, grass/turf - Equipment: Electronic flight bag or handheld device, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 47; injuries: none; airline transport, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review September 18, 2019; seat: right; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 5,704 total, 4 in this make and model, 4,722 as pilot in command, 3 in the last 90 days, 3 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours - Student pilot; age 18; injuries: none; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 9.1 total, 9.1 in this make and model, 1.7 in the last 90 days, 1.7 in the last 30 days, 0.6 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 180° at 28 knots, gusting 35 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 73 °F, dew point 48 °F - Altimeter: 29.82 inHg - Observed at: KWDG, 6 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20200416003909A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20200416003909A), Apr 16, 2020: Cessna 172N, Fairmont, OK, Substantial damage. On April 16, 2020 at approximately 1730 CDT civil aircraft N737RR, a Cessna 172, made contact with the ground during an attempted aborted landing at Fairmont… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 8, 2020, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=101181. 3.9 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 3.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40484178&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Photo (item 2, .PDF, 135 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40484179&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.