# NTSB CEN20LA314: Piper PA28R, N15302, Houston, TX, July 28, 2020 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report - Date: July 28, 2020, 01:43 local (06:43 UTC) - Place: Houston, TX - Coordinates: 29.759038, -95.370826 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.7590&lon=-95.3708&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute-cruise: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 2 serious - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: FAA - Houston FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 101687 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN20LA314 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/101687/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=101687 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN20LA314 ## Probable cause The loss of engine power for a reason that could not be determined based on available evidence. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [Piper PA-28R-200, 16 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md?model=7102811), [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Enroute-cruise: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) (defining event); cases with it: [Piper PA-28R-200, 32 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md?model=7102811), [All aircraft, 3,820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md) ## Analysis The airplane was operating at cruise altitude on a night cross-country flight when the engine lost all power. While in communication with an air traffic controller after the loss of engine power, the pilot reported that the airplane had 10 gallons of fuel on-board. The pilot executed a forced landing to a residential area. Examination of the airplane, including its engine and fuel system revealed no anomalies that would have prevented normal operation. However, both fuel tanks were compromised during the accident and an accurate determination of the fuel onboard at the time of the accident was not possible. According to recorded flight data, the flight lasted 4 hours and 40 minutes. Based on the airplane’s usable fuel capacity of 48 gallons and fuel burn rates derived from the pilot’s operating manual, the airplane likely had fuel remaining onboard at the time the engine quit. However, the airplane was equipped with two separate fuel tanks that could be selected by the pilot individually but not simultaneously. It is possible that the selected fuel tank was empty while the other fuel tank had fuel remaining. Since both fuel tanks were compromised during the accident, it was not possible to determine if this was the case. The reason for the loss of engine power could not be determined from the available information. ## Factual narrative On July 28, 2020, about 0143 central daylight time, a Piper PA-28R-200 airplane, N15302, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Houston, Texas. The pilot and passenger were seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The airplane crashed into a residential area after a loss of engine power during cruise flight. The flight was a cross-country flight that originated and was planned to return to Sugar Land Regional Airport (SGR), Houston, Texas, with stops at Tyler Pounds Regional Airport (TYR), Tyler, Texas, and Stan Stamper Municipal Airport (HHW), Hugo, Oklahoma. According to automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) data for the accident flight, the airplane departed SGR at 2103 and flew north toward TYR. During this leg of the flight, the airplane was at a cruise altitude of 8,000 ft msl for about 1 hour. After descending, the airplane flew about 14 nm past TYR before making a course reversal back toward TYR. At 2242:38 the airplane crossed the arrival threshold for runway 17 at TYR. About 8.5 minutes later, at 2251:18, ADS-B data showed the airplane about halfway down runway 13 at TYR on takeoff. The airplane made a left turn out and proceeded toward HHW at a cruise altitude of 6,500 ft msl. As the airplane approached HHW, there was an interruption of ADS-B data that lasted about 2 minutes. At 2341:21, the airplane was about 0.8 nm northeast of the approach end of runway 17 at HHR. About 2 minutes later, at 2343:16 the airplane was about 0.3 nm south of the departure end of runway 17. The airplane continued south toward SGR at a cruise altitude of 9,500 ft msl, for about 1 hour before descending to 8,000 ft msl for about 30 more minutes. At 0133:45, the airplane started descending from 8,000 ft msl. A recording of communication between the pilot and the Houston Terminal Radar Approach Control Facility revealed that at 0141, when the airplane was about 15.5 nm north-northeast of SGR according to ADS-B data, the pilot declared an emergency and requested vectors to the nearest airport. The controller advised the pilot that West Houston Airport (IWS), Houston, Texas was 4 miles directly in front of the airplane. The controller inquired as to the nature of the emergency at 0142, and the pilot responded that they had an “engine out.” After an update of the location of IWS from the controller, the pilot stated that he didn’t think they would be able to reach IWS. The controller then informed the pilot of a freeway nearby. After further inquiries from the controller, the pilot responded that there were two people and 10 gallons of fuel on-board. ADS-B data indicate that the airplane made a left turn toward IWS and descended until the end of the data at 0143:17. At 0143:16, the pilot notified the controller that he would not be able to reach the freeway and would have to land the airplane in a neighborhood. No further transmissions were receivedfrom the accident airplane. Based on the ADS-B data, the airplane was airborne for about 4 hours 40 minutes. A report filed by the pilot’s wife on his behalf indicated that due to injuries received in the accident, he had no recollection of the accident flight. The passenger stated that he and the pilot departed SGR and flew to two intermediate airports making “touch and go” landings at each. He stated that when the airplane was 12 miles from SGR on the return leg of the flight, the “engine shut off, came back on and then shut down again.” A postaccident examination of the airframe including the fuel system, and the engine revealed no preimpact anomalies. According to the Pilot’s Operating Manual (POM), the airplane was equipped with two 25-gallon fuel tanks (24 gallons usable) in each wing. The fuel tank in use could be selected by the pilot using the fuel selector valve located in the cockpit. Fuel could not be drawn from both fuel tanks simultaneously. Performance data indicated that the airplane’s fuel burn rate was 8.0, 9.16, and 10.15 gallons per hour at 55%, 65%, and 75% power, respectively. According to the performance charts, at 2,400 rpm, the engine could produce about 70% of its maximum rated power at 8,000 ft density altitude, and about 65% at 9,500 ft density altitude. At 6,500 ft, the engine could attain the normal cruise power setting of 75% engine power stated in the POM. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N15302](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N15302-2023-09-05), registration cancelled 2023-09-05, S/N 28R-7335047, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper PA28R (200) - Registry model: [Piper PA-28R-200](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28r-200) (registry code 7102811) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming I0360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-i0360-series) (registry code 41515, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 28R-7335047 - Year built: 1972 - Airframe hours: 12839 - Engines: Lycoming IO-360-C1C 200 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Anson Air Llc - Registered owner: Anson Air Llc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, April 28, 2020, 80 hours before - Departed: SGR, Houston, TX - Destination: SGR, Houston, TX - Flight plan: IFR - Equipment: Stall warning system, Auto-pilot, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 40; injuries: serious; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; flight hours: 172 total, 52.2 in this make and model, 124.9 as pilot in command, 67.9 in the last 90 days, 33.8 in the last 30 days, 0 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night - Wind: 0° at 0 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 79 °F - Altimeter: 29.95 inHg - Observed at: SGR ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20200728018129A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20200728018129A), Jul 28, 2020: Piper PA-28R-200, Houston, TX, Substantial damage. The night of 07/27/2020 pilot and one passenger departed on a 14 CFR part 141 cross country flight from sugarland, TX (sgr) to tyler, TX (tyr), hugo, ok (hhw)… ## Docket (13 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 20, 2022, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=101687. 168 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (from pilot) (item 1, PDF, 9 pages, 609 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237232&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120%20from%20pilot_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (from operator) (item 2, PDF, 9 pages, 1.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237853&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120.1%20from%20operator1_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Passenger statement (item 3, PDF, 1 page, 80 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237262&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=2020.09.17_Washington%20Jeremy_Written%20Statement-Rel.pdf - Aircraft examination summary (item 4, PDF, 6 pages, 2.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12248418&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Examination%20Summary%20-%20Report-Rel.pdf - Excerpts from pilot's operating manual (item 5, PDF, 4 pages, 1.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12236941&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Excerpts%20from%20POM-Rel.pdf - Transcribed ATC recording (item 6, PDF, 2 pages, 51 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237242&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Partial%20Transcript%20of%20Recording%20Provided%20by%20FAA-Rel.pdf - ATC recording (item 7, WAV, 103 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12238229&FileExtension=wav&FileName=Certified%20ATC%20recordingN15302-Rel.wav - ADS-B flight data (item 8, XLSX, 23.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12238334&FileExtension=xlsx&FileName=20200728_A0D7C7_431926994_ADSB-Rel.xlsx - Plots of ADS-B data (item 9, PDF, 2 pages, 624 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237965&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ADS-B%20Plots-Rel.pdf - Maintenance records (engine) (item 10, PDF, 22 pages, 23.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237993&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Logbook%20Entries%20-%20Engine%20(Since%20Overhaul)%20-%20Reduced_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Maintenance records (propeller) (item 11, PDF, 5 pages, 2.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12237881&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Logbook%20Entries%20-%20Propeller%20-%20Reduced_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Maintenance records (airframe) (item 12, PDF, 11 pages, 8.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12249274&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Logbook%20Entries%20-%20Airframe%20(Last%202%20Years)%20-%20Reduced_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Release of aircraft wreckage, NTSB form 6120.15 (item 13, PDF, 1 page, 94 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12249873&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Retention-Release-of-Wreckage-Form%20(003)_Redacted-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.