# NTSB CEN21FA195: Cessna 340A, N801EC, Tatum, TX, April 19, 2021 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report - Date: April 19, 2021, 13:46 local (18:46 UTC) - Place: Tatum, TX · Wooded area - Coordinates: 32.35375, -94.54105 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.3537&lon=-94.5410&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Textron Cessna, FAA FSDO North Texas - NTSB case key (mKey): 102942 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN21FA195 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/102942/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=102942 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21FA195 ## Probable cause The pilot’s loss of airplane control for undetermined reasons. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 340A, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md?model=2076405), [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Enroute: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 340A, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=2076405), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md) - [Unknown: Unknown or undetermined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000); cases with it: [Cessna 340A, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md?model=2076405), [All aircraft, 1,703 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot was planning to perform a functional test of the airplane’s newly upgraded autopilot system. Automatic dependent surveillance broadcast data showed that, after takeoff, the airplane turned east and climbed to 2,750 ft. Air traffic control information indicated that the controller cleared the pilot to operate under visual flight rules to the east of the airport. Communications between ground control, tower control, and the pilot were normal during the ground taxi, takeoff, and climb. Radio and radar communications were lost 6 minutes after takeoff, and no radio distress calls were received from the pilot. The airplane impacted wooded terrain about 3/4 mile to the east of the last recorded radar data point. Groundspeeds and headings were consistent throughout the flight with no abrupt deviations. The airplane impacted the wooded terrain in a nose-down, near-vertical flight attitude. Most of the airplane, including the fuselage, wings, and empennage, were consumed by a postimpact fire. Both engines and propellers separated from the airplane at impact with the ground. Examination of the engines revealed no preaccident failures or malfunctions that would have precluded normal operations. Both propellers showed signs of normal operation. Flight control continuity was confirmed. The elevator trim cables stop blocks were secured to the cables and undamaged. They were found against the forward stop meaning the trim tab was at full down travel (elevator leading edge full down) which indicated that the airplane was trimmed full nose up at impact. The airplane’s cabin sustained fragmentation from impact and was consumed by fire; as a result, the autopilot system could not be examined. The investigation was unable to determine why the pilot lost control of the airplane. ## Factual narrative On April 19, 2021, about 1346 central daylight time, a Cessna 340A airplane, N801EC, was destroyed when it was involved in an accident near Tatum, Texas. The pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 test flight. According to information provided by a fixed-base operator (FBO) at the East Texas Regional Airport (GGG), Longview, Texas, the pilot intended to perform a functional test of a newly upgraded autopilot system. On the day of the accident, a mechanic at the FBO reported that he pulled out the airplane from the hangar, and that the pilot planned to get fuel and have the propellers balanced before the flight. According to the mechanic, he explained to the pilot that the autopilot should not be engaged until the airplane was at an altitude of at least 5,000 ft above ground level or higher, which was a standard procedure that the mechanic provided to all pilots who were testing an autopilot. The pilot started the engines, and the airplane sat on the ramp for about 15 minutes. The pilot then shut down the engines and told the mechanic that he could not get the autopilot to work. The mechanic showed the pilot where the main autopilot and trim master switches were located and showed him that the autopilot passed a self-test. The mechanic then told the pilot to try another autopilot self-test with engines running and, if the autopilot did not pass another self-test, to shut down. The pilot ran the engines for about 5 to 10 minutes and then departed. According to air traffic control (ATC) information, the controller cleared the pilot to operate under visual flight rules to the east of the airport. Communications between ground control, tower control, and the pilot were normal during the taxi, takeoff, and climb. Automatic dependent surveillance–broadcast (ADS-B) data showed that the airplane took off from runway 13 at GGG about 1340. The data also showed that, after takeoff, the airplane was in a steady climb to the east of GGG. The airplane climbed to an altitude of 2,750 ft mean sea level (msl) and then descended to 2,675 ft msl. The last recorded data point, at 1346, showed that the airplane was heading east at an altitude of 2,675 ft msl and a groundspeed of 152 knots. The airplane impacted wooded terrain about 3/4 mile east of the last recorded data point. Groundspeeds and headings were consistent throughout the flight with no abrupt deviations (see figures 1, 2, and 3). Radio and radar communications were lost 6 minutes after takeoff. No radio distress calls were received from the pilot. Figure 1. Airplane flightpath. Figure 2. Flightpath elevation view. Figure 3. Flight track with final data points. A local resident about 1 mile from the accident site reported that, while inside his residence, he heard and felt a “boom” that shook the windows. His wife then saw black smoke rising immediately. The accident site was located at an elevation of 361 ft msl. The airplane impacted woodedterrain in a nose-down, near-vertical flight attitude. The forward fuselage and cabin were embedded into the ground and were mostly consumed from a postimpact fire. The empennage and aft fuselage were folded forward over the cabin area and were charred and consumed by fire. Both left and right wings showed leading-edge aft crushing along their respective spans. Portions of both wings were charred, melted, and consumed by the fire (see figure 4). Figure 4. Airplane wreckage. Both the left and right engine nacelles were separated from the wings, and the engine and propeller assemblies were embedded in 3-ft-deep craters forward of the main airplane wreckage. The engines sustained heavy impact damage, and the propellers were fractured and separated at their crankshafts immediately aft of the flanges. All three blades on the left and right propellers were bent aft and showed leading-edge polishing and chordwise rubs and scratches. Flight control continuity was confirmed. The elevator trim cables stop blocks were secured to the cables and undamaged. They were found against the forward stop meaning the trim tab was at full down travel (elevator leading edge full down) which indicated that the airplane was trimmed full nose up at impact. The airplane’s instrument panel, avionics, autopilot, and engine controls were broken out, fragmented, melted, and consumed by the postimpact fire. Avionics and instrument tubing and wiring behind the panel were melted and consumed by the fire. A functional test of the autopilot system could not be performed due to the damage that it sustained in the accident. Examination of the engines revealed no preaccident failures or malfunctions that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N801EC](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N801EC-2022-12-31), registration cancelled 2022-12-31, S/N 340A0312 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 340A - Registry model: [Cessna 340A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-340a) (registry code 2076405) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 340A0312 - Year built: 1977 - Airframe hours: 6500 - Engines: Continental TSIO-520-N 335 horsepower reciprocating; Continental TSIO-520-N 335 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Flight test, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, October 8, 2020 - Departed: GGG, Longview, TX - Airport: GGG, East Regional ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 74; injuries: fatal; airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 28,665 total, 120 in this make and model, 15 in the last 90 days, 5 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 310° at 7 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 70 °F, dew point 37 °F - Altimeter: 30.04 inHg - Observed at: KGGG, 9 nm away - METAR: KGGG 191853Z 31007KT 10SM CLR 21/03 A3004 RMK AO2 SLP171 T02060033 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20210419006499A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20210419006499A), Apr 19, 2021: Cessna 340A, Tatum, TX, Destroyed, 1 fatal. On 04/19/2021 at approximately 1340HRS local time N801EC departed runway 13 at ggg to do a maintenance test flight for auto pilot to the north east. At 1346HRS… ## Docket (16 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 7, 2023, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=102942. 87.5 MB in all. - Witness statement, david hartzell (item 1, PDF, 1 page, 48 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15922320&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Witness%20Statement,%20DH-Rel.pdf - Witness statement, gary eberhardt (item 2, PDF, 1 page, 39 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15921578&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Witness%20Statement,%20GE_Redacted-Rel.pdf - E-mail, pilot to repair station (item 3, PDF, 1 page, 65 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15922416&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=E-Mail,%20Pilot%20to%20Repair%20Station_Redacted-Rel.pdf - FAA safety memorandum (item 4, PDF, 2 pages, 153 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15921770&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FAA%20Aviation%20Safety%20Memorandum%20C340A%20N801EC%20Accident,%20Longview%20TX_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Falcon ATC real time, audio and radar visual (item 5, MP4, 7.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15922646&FileExtension=mp4&FileName=GGG-B-2021-04-20-0004-Rel.mp4 - Flight track depictions (item 6, PDF, 3 pages, 1.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15922593&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Tatum,%20TX,%20N801EC%20Flight%20Track%20Depictions-Rel.pdf - ADS-B data (item 7, CSV, 287 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15922340&FileExtension=csv&FileName=20210419_AAE5FB_452104124_ADSB-Rel.csv - Record of examination (item 8, PDF, 7 pages, 932 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15945575&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Record%20of%20Examination,%20Tatum,%20TX-Rel.pdf - Statement of party representatives to NTSB investigation (item 9, PDF, 1 page, 151 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15938213&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Party%20Form_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Maintenance records, N801EC (item 10, PDF, 33 pages, 50.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16004542&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Maintenance%20Records,%20N801EC_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Maintenance records, gregg aircraft services (item 11, PDF, 6 pages, 8.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16004759&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Maintenance%20Records,%20Gregg_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Memorandum of record, medical information (item 12, PDF, 1 page, 84 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15938274&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Memorandum%20of%20Record,%20Medical%20Information,%20Tatum,%20Texas-Rel.pdf - Toxicology report (item 13, PDF, 1 page, 116 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15938087&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Toxicology%20Report_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Accident report pictures (item 14, PDF, 13 pages, 16.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16073923&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Tatum%20Photographs-Rel-Rel.pdf - Fueling slip (item 15, PDF, 1 page, 1.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15923171&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Fueling%20Slip_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Elevator trim rigging instructions (item 16, PDF, 1 page, 208 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15923048&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Rigging%20Elevator%20Trim%20-%20340A-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.