# NTSB CEN21LA422: Cessna 195, N4358V, Ypsilanti, MI, September 16, 2021 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report - Date: September 16, 2021, 12:20 local (16:20 UTC) - Place: Ypsilanti, MI · Taxiway C. - Coordinates: 42.238195, -83.538268 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=42.2382&lon=-83.5383&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Taxi](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/250) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Taxi-from runway: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: FAA East Michigan FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 103892 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN21LA422 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/103892/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=103892 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN21LA422 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during taxi, which resulted in a ground loop. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 195, 13 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2073102), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 195, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2073102), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Taxi-from runway: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 195, 14 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2073102), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Taxi-from runway: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 195, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2073102), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The commercial pilot reported that after landing in the tailwheel-equipped airplane, he performed a “higher than normal speed taxi” to exit the runway to make way for incoming landing traffic. During the taxi, he lost directional control, which resulted in a ground loop. During the ground loop, the right wing and the right horizontal stabilizer impacted the ground, sustaining substantial damage to both areas. The airplane came to rest upright, and the pilot taxied back to his hangar. The pilot reported there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airframe and engine that would have precluded normal operation. The pilot additionally reported that he should have “taken the time necessary” to taxi the airplane safely off the runway and that he should not have “concerned myself with the fact that there was incoming traffic behind me.” ## Aircraft - Registration: [N4358V](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N4358V), registered now, S/N 7274 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 195 - Registry model: [Cessna 195](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-195) (registry code 2073102) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Jacobs L4 /R755-7](https://openairdocs.org/engine/jacobs-l4-r755-7) (registry code 35003, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 7274 - Year built: 1948 - Airframe hours: 4281.3 - Engines: Jacobs Aircraft Engine Company R-755B2 275 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, April 13, 2021 - Airport: YIP, Willow Run, runway 05R/23L, 7,543 × 150 ft, concrete - Equipment: Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Auto-pilot, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 66; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review July 4, 2021; seat: left; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 832 total, 100 in this make and model, 684 as pilot in command, 12 in the last 90 days, 6 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 110° at 7 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 59 °F - Altimeter: 30.19 inHg - Observed at: KYIP - METAR: KYIP 161553Z 11007KT 10SM CLR 26/15 A3019 RMK AO2 SLP216 T02560150 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20210916015829A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20210916015829A), Sep 16, 2021: Cessna 195, Belleville, MI, Substantial damage. Pilot had been performing landings at kyip. After final landing runway 5, during extended taxi to end of runway for taxiway golf, pilot lost directional… ## Other investigations on N4358V (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB CHI07CA172](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI07CA172), Jun 19, 2007: Cessna 195 (N4358V), Battle Creek, MI, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft during the landing roll which resulted in a ground loop. ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 5, 2021, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=103892. 4.2 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 9 pages, 3.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12724967&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=NTSB%20Form%206120_1%20Redacted-Rel.pdf - Accident photographs (item 2, PDF, 3 pages, 1.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12724441&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Accident%20Photographs-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.